PSY102 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026.
1. Who is widely considered the father of modern psychology and established the first
psychology laboratory in 1879?
A. Sigmund Freud
B. William James
C. B.F. Skinner
D. Wilhelm Wundt
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Wilhelm Wundt established the first formal laboratory for
psychological research at the University of Leipzig, marking the start of psychology as a
science.
2. In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to see if it has an
effect is called the:
A. Dependent variable
B. Confounding variable
C. Control variable
,D. Independent variable
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The independent variable is the factor being changed or
controlled to test its effects on the dependent variable.
3. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?
A. Axon
B. Soma
C. Myelin sheath
D. Dendrites
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that receive messages
from other neurons and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
4. Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with reward, pleasure, and movement?
A. Serotonin
B. GABA
C. Acetylcholine
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Dopamine plays a major role in the brain’s reward system and is
also involved in motor control.
5. The ‘fight-or-flight’ response is primarily mediated by which branch of the nervous system?
A. Parasympathetic nervous system
B. Sympathetic nervous system
C. Somatic nervous system
D. Central nervous system
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action
during stressful or threatening situations.
6. Which brain structure acts as a relay station for sensory information, directing it to the
appropriate areas of the cortex?
A. Thalamus
B. Hippocampus
C. Amygdala
D. Hypothalamus
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The thalamus processes and transmits sensory information to
the various specialized areas of the cerebral cortex.
ANSWERS 2026.
1. Who is widely considered the father of modern psychology and established the first
psychology laboratory in 1879?
A. Sigmund Freud
B. William James
C. B.F. Skinner
D. Wilhelm Wundt
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Wilhelm Wundt established the first formal laboratory for
psychological research at the University of Leipzig, marking the start of psychology as a
science.
2. In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to see if it has an
effect is called the:
A. Dependent variable
B. Confounding variable
C. Control variable
,D. Independent variable
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The independent variable is the factor being changed or
controlled to test its effects on the dependent variable.
3. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?
A. Axon
B. Soma
C. Myelin sheath
D. Dendrites
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like structures that receive messages
from other neurons and conduct impulses toward the cell body.
4. Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with reward, pleasure, and movement?
A. Serotonin
B. GABA
C. Acetylcholine
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: Dopamine plays a major role in the brain’s reward system and is
also involved in motor control.
5. The ‘fight-or-flight’ response is primarily mediated by which branch of the nervous system?
A. Parasympathetic nervous system
B. Sympathetic nervous system
C. Somatic nervous system
D. Central nervous system
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action
during stressful or threatening situations.
6. Which brain structure acts as a relay station for sensory information, directing it to the
appropriate areas of the cortex?
A. Thalamus
B. Hippocampus
C. Amygdala
D. Hypothalamus
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The thalamus processes and transmits sensory information to
the various specialized areas of the cerebral cortex.
