Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language,
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following best describes a neuron’s function?
A. It produces insulating myelin around axons.
B. It acts as a supporting cell for neurons.
C. It communicates information via electrical and chemical
signals.
D. It removes pathogens from neural tissue.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neurons are the excitable cells of the nervous system
specialized for communication. They transmit information to
other neurons, muscles, and glands via electrochemical signals.
(Option A is a function of oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells,
not neurons; B is a description of glial cells like astrocytes; D is a
role of microglia.)
• Why the correct answer is correct: Neurons transmit
signals (electrical/chemical) between the environment,
other neurons, and muscles, which matches choice C.
• Why Option A is incorrect: Insulating myelin is produced by
glial cells (oligodendrocytes/Schwann cells), not by
neurons themselves.
, • Why Option B is incorrect: “Supporting cell” suggests a
glial cell (e.g. astrocyte), but neurons are the primary
communication cells, not support cells.
• Why Option D is incorrect: Pathogen removal is done by
microglia (immune cells of CNS), not by neurons.
Question 2
Which structure is part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve)
B. Spinal cord
C. Sympathetic ganglion
D. Cervical spinal nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CNS is comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
The spinal cord is therefore a CNS structure. Cranial nerves,
peripheral spinal nerves, and autonomic ganglia all belong to
the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
• Why the correct answer is correct: The spinal cord is
explicitly part of the CNS (brain and spinal cord).
• Why Option A is incorrect: A cranial nerve (IX) is a PNS
component, not CNS.
• Why Option C is incorrect: A sympathetic ganglion is part
of the autonomic (peripheral) system, not the CNS.
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following best describes a neuron’s function?
A. It produces insulating myelin around axons.
B. It acts as a supporting cell for neurons.
C. It communicates information via electrical and chemical
signals.
D. It removes pathogens from neural tissue.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neurons are the excitable cells of the nervous system
specialized for communication. They transmit information to
other neurons, muscles, and glands via electrochemical signals.
(Option A is a function of oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells,
not neurons; B is a description of glial cells like astrocytes; D is a
role of microglia.)
• Why the correct answer is correct: Neurons transmit
signals (electrical/chemical) between the environment,
other neurons, and muscles, which matches choice C.
• Why Option A is incorrect: Insulating myelin is produced by
glial cells (oligodendrocytes/Schwann cells), not by
neurons themselves.
, • Why Option B is incorrect: “Supporting cell” suggests a
glial cell (e.g. astrocyte), but neurons are the primary
communication cells, not support cells.
• Why Option D is incorrect: Pathogen removal is done by
microglia (immune cells of CNS), not by neurons.
Question 2
Which structure is part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve)
B. Spinal cord
C. Sympathetic ganglion
D. Cervical spinal nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CNS is comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
The spinal cord is therefore a CNS structure. Cranial nerves,
peripheral spinal nerves, and autonomic ganglia all belong to
the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
• Why the correct answer is correct: The spinal cord is
explicitly part of the CNS (brain and spinal cord).
• Why Option A is incorrect: A cranial nerve (IX) is a PNS
component, not CNS.
• Why Option C is incorrect: A sympathetic ganglion is part
of the autonomic (peripheral) system, not the CNS.
