Ibio 445 Exam 2 2026 Questions And Answers | A+ Graded | With Expert
Solutions
asexual reproduction - (ANSWER)offspring are genetic copies of adults, except when any mutation occur
sexual reproduction - (ANSWER)2 organisms combine genomes to form a new, unique organism
isogamy - (ANSWER)gametes do not differ in size and shape. no "sex", but gametes only form if they are
a different mating type
anisogomy - (ANSWER)gametes differ in size and shape. allows for sexual classification
major components of sexual reproduction - (ANSWER)recombination, segregation, fertilization
recombination - (ANSWER)DNA strands break and swap segments during meiosis
segregation - (ANSWER)random separation of alleles during gamete formation
fertilization - (ANSWER)combination of an egg and sperm cell
paradox of sex - (ANSWER)why does sexual reproduction persist and evolve if sex is the dominant form
of reproduction, yet there are high costs?
costs of sex - (ANSWER)cost of males, cost of meiosis, cost of sexual structures and mating behaviors
benefits of sex - (ANSWER)biparental care, purging deleterious alleles, combining multiple beneficial
alleles, increased offspring variability
costs of males - (ANSWER)only half the population is able to produce offspring (ex: women)
, Ibio 445 Exam 2 2026 Questions And Answers | A+ Graded | With Expert
Solutions
cost of meiosis - (ANSWER)sexual organisms only pass half their genes, and that half is random.
possibility of genes with higher fitness not being passed on
Cost of sexual structures and mating behaviours - (ANSWER)energetically expensive, risk of STIs, and the
physical mating can leave individuals vulnerable to predators
biparental care - (ANSWER)sexual species potentially have the benefit of having two parents, increasing
fitness of offspring
purging deleterious alleles - (ANSWER)Asexual populations accumulate deleterious alleles very fast
Combining multiple beneficial alleles - (ANSWER)Sex allows beneficial alleles to stack up
Increased offspring variability - (ANSWER)High offspring variability can be highlybeneficial in dynamic
environments
red queen hypothesis - (ANSWER)Sexual reproduction persists because it enables species to rapidly
evolve. >99.99% of eukaryotes reproduce sexually
sexual selection - (ANSWER)a mode of natural selection in relation to sex
intrasexual - (ANSWER)members of the same sex compete and winners gain mating access
intersexual - (ANSWER)members of one sex choose certain qualities in the opposite sex
precopulatory sexual selection - (ANSWER)traits that evolved to improve reproductive success before
mating. includes 4 theories
Solutions
asexual reproduction - (ANSWER)offspring are genetic copies of adults, except when any mutation occur
sexual reproduction - (ANSWER)2 organisms combine genomes to form a new, unique organism
isogamy - (ANSWER)gametes do not differ in size and shape. no "sex", but gametes only form if they are
a different mating type
anisogomy - (ANSWER)gametes differ in size and shape. allows for sexual classification
major components of sexual reproduction - (ANSWER)recombination, segregation, fertilization
recombination - (ANSWER)DNA strands break and swap segments during meiosis
segregation - (ANSWER)random separation of alleles during gamete formation
fertilization - (ANSWER)combination of an egg and sperm cell
paradox of sex - (ANSWER)why does sexual reproduction persist and evolve if sex is the dominant form
of reproduction, yet there are high costs?
costs of sex - (ANSWER)cost of males, cost of meiosis, cost of sexual structures and mating behaviors
benefits of sex - (ANSWER)biparental care, purging deleterious alleles, combining multiple beneficial
alleles, increased offspring variability
costs of males - (ANSWER)only half the population is able to produce offspring (ex: women)
, Ibio 445 Exam 2 2026 Questions And Answers | A+ Graded | With Expert
Solutions
cost of meiosis - (ANSWER)sexual organisms only pass half their genes, and that half is random.
possibility of genes with higher fitness not being passed on
Cost of sexual structures and mating behaviours - (ANSWER)energetically expensive, risk of STIs, and the
physical mating can leave individuals vulnerable to predators
biparental care - (ANSWER)sexual species potentially have the benefit of having two parents, increasing
fitness of offspring
purging deleterious alleles - (ANSWER)Asexual populations accumulate deleterious alleles very fast
Combining multiple beneficial alleles - (ANSWER)Sex allows beneficial alleles to stack up
Increased offspring variability - (ANSWER)High offspring variability can be highlybeneficial in dynamic
environments
red queen hypothesis - (ANSWER)Sexual reproduction persists because it enables species to rapidly
evolve. >99.99% of eukaryotes reproduce sexually
sexual selection - (ANSWER)a mode of natural selection in relation to sex
intrasexual - (ANSWER)members of the same sex compete and winners gain mating access
intersexual - (ANSWER)members of one sex choose certain qualities in the opposite sex
precopulatory sexual selection - (ANSWER)traits that evolved to improve reproductive success before
mating. includes 4 theories
