Pathophysiology in Emergency Medical Care: Cellular Changes, Fluid Imbalances, and Immune Response Study Guide 2026

Pathophysiology in Emergency Medical Care: Cellular Changes, Fluid Imbalances, and Immune Response Study Guide 2026 What is pathophysiology? - Correct Answer The study of the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease. What are the means of cellular adaptation? - Correct Answer Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and metaplasia. What factors can affect homeostasis? - Correct Answer Stressors such as injury, infection, and environmental changes. What is edema? - Correct Answer The accumulation of fluid in tissues, causing swelling. What are the types of fluid deficits? - Correct Answer Dehydration, hypovolemia, and third-spacing. What are the consequences of electrolyte imbalances? - Correct Answer Disruptions in muscle function, nerve conduction, and fluid balance. What is respiratory acidosis? - Correct Answer A condition where carbon dioxide accumulates in the body, leading to decreased pH. What is metabolic alkalosis? - Correct Answer A condition characterized by an increase in blood pH due to excess bicarbonate or loss of acid. What causes cellular injury? - Correct Answer Hypoxia, chemical exposures, infections, and physical damage.