BSN 246 HESI Health Assessment
V1 REAL EXAM 193 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(NIGHTINGALE COLLEGE)
why do we combo drug therapies for TB?
development of resistant strains of TB is decreased with combo drugs and
ensure efficacy of treatment
What should the nurse prepare a patient for immediately after chest tube
removal?
a chest xray- ensure that lung expansion has been maintained after removal
diverticulosis
small pouch like sacs form in the colon- can be caused by chronic
constipation (straining weakens colon wall), low fiber diet, obesity, lack of
exercise, smoking
how does liver cirrhosis lead to varicose veins in the esophagus?
increased portal pressure- shunts blood glow to esophageal vessels
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
,sudden and severe SOB that occurs at night most common cause is left-sided
heart failure
left-sided heart failure
left ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently- leads to fluid build up in the
lungs (pulmonary edema)- when lying down the fluid that usually collects in
the legs shifts to the lungs leading to PND
IBS
chronic functional GI disorder- abdominal pain and altered bowel habits
(diarrhea, constipation, or both)
Diverticulitis
abd pain, fever, nausea vomiting, constipation, rectal bleeding
Chrohn's disease
chronic inflammatory process involving any portion of the GI tract from the
mouth to the anus- abd pain, bloating, frequent loose stools, malnutrition,
mouth sores. Flares up and has remissions
Ulcerative colitis
limited to colon and rectum (Chrohns is whole GI tract). S&S tenesmus
(frequent urge to go to the bathroom but being unable to) frequent diarrhea,
rectal bleeding, abd cramping, dehydration
,Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive
impairment; commonly used to screen for dementia.
MMSE- what finding is found by counting down from 7
attention to detail and calculation
Client history that can cause possible interaction with an over-the-counter
decongestant
closed angle glaucoma
chronic hypertension
OTC decongestants can cause increase in intraocular pressure and increase
HR and BP
ABG
normal ranges
pH 7.35-7.45
pCO2 35-45
HCO3 21-28
pO2 80-100
respiratory acidosis and ABGs
, low pH (<7.35), high pCO2 (>45), normal HCO3 (21-28)
Respiratory alkalosis and ABGs
high pH (>7.45), low pCO2 (<35),
incomplete fractures
part of bone is splintered or bent but has not gone completely through
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
acute reduction of blood flow to heart muscle
elevated troponin
indicates myocardial damage
normal range of urine output
40mL/hour
2 hour postprandial (post eating) blood glucose levels
should be less than 140 for young adults
V1 REAL EXAM 193 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
(NIGHTINGALE COLLEGE)
why do we combo drug therapies for TB?
development of resistant strains of TB is decreased with combo drugs and
ensure efficacy of treatment
What should the nurse prepare a patient for immediately after chest tube
removal?
a chest xray- ensure that lung expansion has been maintained after removal
diverticulosis
small pouch like sacs form in the colon- can be caused by chronic
constipation (straining weakens colon wall), low fiber diet, obesity, lack of
exercise, smoking
how does liver cirrhosis lead to varicose veins in the esophagus?
increased portal pressure- shunts blood glow to esophageal vessels
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
,sudden and severe SOB that occurs at night most common cause is left-sided
heart failure
left-sided heart failure
left ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently- leads to fluid build up in the
lungs (pulmonary edema)- when lying down the fluid that usually collects in
the legs shifts to the lungs leading to PND
IBS
chronic functional GI disorder- abdominal pain and altered bowel habits
(diarrhea, constipation, or both)
Diverticulitis
abd pain, fever, nausea vomiting, constipation, rectal bleeding
Chrohn's disease
chronic inflammatory process involving any portion of the GI tract from the
mouth to the anus- abd pain, bloating, frequent loose stools, malnutrition,
mouth sores. Flares up and has remissions
Ulcerative colitis
limited to colon and rectum (Chrohns is whole GI tract). S&S tenesmus
(frequent urge to go to the bathroom but being unable to) frequent diarrhea,
rectal bleeding, abd cramping, dehydration
,Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive
impairment; commonly used to screen for dementia.
MMSE- what finding is found by counting down from 7
attention to detail and calculation
Client history that can cause possible interaction with an over-the-counter
decongestant
closed angle glaucoma
chronic hypertension
OTC decongestants can cause increase in intraocular pressure and increase
HR and BP
ABG
normal ranges
pH 7.35-7.45
pCO2 35-45
HCO3 21-28
pO2 80-100
respiratory acidosis and ABGs
, low pH (<7.35), high pCO2 (>45), normal HCO3 (21-28)
Respiratory alkalosis and ABGs
high pH (>7.45), low pCO2 (<35),
incomplete fractures
part of bone is splintered or bent but has not gone completely through
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
acute reduction of blood flow to heart muscle
elevated troponin
indicates myocardial damage
normal range of urine output
40mL/hour
2 hour postprandial (post eating) blood glucose levels
should be less than 140 for young adults
