ABAC PNUR 1104 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | PHARMACOLOGY FOR
HEALTH PROFESSIONS EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Pharmacology - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the study of drugs that alter functions of living
organisms
Pharmacotherapy - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the the use of drugs to prevent, diagnose, or
treat signs, symptoms, and disease processes
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔term that describes how drugs enter the body, reach their site of
action, are metabolized, and exit from the body
absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the interactions between chemical
components of living tissues or systems and foreign chemicals
Pharmacogenetics (pharmacogenomics) - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the study of how a
person's genetic heritage leads to variable responses to drugs
Drug - correct answer ✔✔term that defines any chemical substance that influences living systems
Medications - correct answer ✔✔term used for a drug given for therapeutic purposes
plants, animals, minerals, natural materials, and synthetics materials
now, most drugs are synthetics compounds manufactures in laboratories - correct answer ✔✔Where are
drugs found?
Local - correct answer ✔✔term that describes a drug that acts mainly at the site of application
Systemic - correct answer ✔✔terms that describes how drugs are circulated through the blood stream
and act on various tissues or organs in the body
Drug Classifications - correct answer ✔✔similar drugs with common characteristics or uses are grouped
together
Prototype - correct answer ✔✔one drug that represents a group of drugs; usually the standard with
which newer drugs in its class are compared
Generic - correct answer ✔✔chemical make up name, must be bioequivalent to trade name
lower case (amoxicillin, ibuprofen)
Trade or Brand - correct answer ✔✔patented name by manufacturer
,capitalized (Amoxil, Advil/Motrin)
Prescription - correct answer ✔✔drugs written and ordered by licensed health care provider and
dispensed by a pharmacist
Over-the-Counter (OTC) - correct answer ✔✔drugs that do not require a prescription but are regulated
by various laws
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) - correct answer ✔✔act that established standards and requirements for
labeling of drug products
Shirley Amendment (1912) - correct answer ✔✔act that prohibited fraudulent claims of drug
effectiveness
Harrison Narcotic Act (1914) - correct answer ✔✔act that restricted the importation, manufacture, sale,
and use of opium, cocaine, marijuana, and other drugs that the Act defined as narcotics
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) - correct answer ✔✔act that:
-revised FDA powers, gave FDA control over drug safety
-required proof of safety from manufacturer before new drug could be marketed
-authorized factory inspections
-established penalties for fraudulent claims and misleading labels
Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951) - correct answer ✔✔act that designated drugs that must be
prescribed by a physician and dispensed by a pharmacist
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act (Title II: Controlled Substance Act) 1970 - correct
answer ✔✔act that:
-regulated distribution of narcotics and other drugs of abuse
-categorized these drugs according to therapeutic usefulness and potential for abuse
-title II updated and replaced all previous laws regarding narcotics and other dangerous drugs
Schedule I drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that have no accepted medical use; high abuse potential
(heroin, LSD)
Schedule II drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that are used medically and have high abuse potential
(codeine, cocaine)
Schedule III drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that have accepted medical use; less potential for abuse, but
may lead to dependence (depressants, mixtures with codeine)
Schedule IV drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that are accepted medical use but some potential for abuse
(benzodiazepines, sedatives, appetite suppressants)
Schedule V drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that may be dispensed by pharmacist with restrictions
regarding amount, record keeping and other safeguards (lomotil)
, FDA Testing Phase 0 - correct answer ✔✔phase where drug testing occurs in animals and some humans
FDA Testing Phase 1 - correct answer ✔✔phase where a few doses are given to healthy humans to
determine safe dosages, routes of administration, absorption, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
FDA Testing Phase 2 - correct answer ✔✔phase where a few doses are given to subjects with the disease
or symptoms for which the drug is being studied, and responses are compared with those of healthy
subjects
FDA Testing Phase 3 - correct answer ✔✔phase where the drug is given to different populations and
different dosages and by using the drug in combination with other drugs
in placebo controlled experiment, half of subjects receive new drug and other half receive placebo
FDA Testing Phase 4 - correct answer ✔✔phase where the FDA allows the drug to be marketed and
requires manufacturers to continue postmarketing monitoring and electronic report submission of the
drug's safety and effectiveness
Black Box Warning - correct answer ✔✔required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for certain
medications that carry serious safety risks
The 10 Rights of Medication Administration - correct answer ✔✔-right drug
-right dose
-right patient
-right route
-right time
-right reason
-right documentation
-right patient education
-right evaluation
-right to refuse the medication
Sources of Drug Information - correct answer ✔✔-pharmacology textbooks
-drug reference books
-American hospital formulary service
-Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) (contains manufacturers' package inserts)
Cellular Level Drug Action - correct answer ✔✔the cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) contains carrier
proteins that carry medication throughout the body
Passive Diffusion - correct answer ✔✔the movement of drug molecules from an area of higher
concentration to one of lower concentration
Active Transport - correct answer ✔✔action where drug molecules are moved from an area of lower
concentration into an area of higher concentration which requires carrier substances and the release of
cellular energy (ATP)
HEALTH PROFESSIONS EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Pharmacology - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the study of drugs that alter functions of living
organisms
Pharmacotherapy - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the the use of drugs to prevent, diagnose, or
treat signs, symptoms, and disease processes
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔term that describes how drugs enter the body, reach their site of
action, are metabolized, and exit from the body
absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the interactions between chemical
components of living tissues or systems and foreign chemicals
Pharmacogenetics (pharmacogenomics) - correct answer ✔✔term that describes the study of how a
person's genetic heritage leads to variable responses to drugs
Drug - correct answer ✔✔term that defines any chemical substance that influences living systems
Medications - correct answer ✔✔term used for a drug given for therapeutic purposes
plants, animals, minerals, natural materials, and synthetics materials
now, most drugs are synthetics compounds manufactures in laboratories - correct answer ✔✔Where are
drugs found?
Local - correct answer ✔✔term that describes a drug that acts mainly at the site of application
Systemic - correct answer ✔✔terms that describes how drugs are circulated through the blood stream
and act on various tissues or organs in the body
Drug Classifications - correct answer ✔✔similar drugs with common characteristics or uses are grouped
together
Prototype - correct answer ✔✔one drug that represents a group of drugs; usually the standard with
which newer drugs in its class are compared
Generic - correct answer ✔✔chemical make up name, must be bioequivalent to trade name
lower case (amoxicillin, ibuprofen)
Trade or Brand - correct answer ✔✔patented name by manufacturer
,capitalized (Amoxil, Advil/Motrin)
Prescription - correct answer ✔✔drugs written and ordered by licensed health care provider and
dispensed by a pharmacist
Over-the-Counter (OTC) - correct answer ✔✔drugs that do not require a prescription but are regulated
by various laws
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) - correct answer ✔✔act that established standards and requirements for
labeling of drug products
Shirley Amendment (1912) - correct answer ✔✔act that prohibited fraudulent claims of drug
effectiveness
Harrison Narcotic Act (1914) - correct answer ✔✔act that restricted the importation, manufacture, sale,
and use of opium, cocaine, marijuana, and other drugs that the Act defined as narcotics
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) - correct answer ✔✔act that:
-revised FDA powers, gave FDA control over drug safety
-required proof of safety from manufacturer before new drug could be marketed
-authorized factory inspections
-established penalties for fraudulent claims and misleading labels
Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951) - correct answer ✔✔act that designated drugs that must be
prescribed by a physician and dispensed by a pharmacist
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act (Title II: Controlled Substance Act) 1970 - correct
answer ✔✔act that:
-regulated distribution of narcotics and other drugs of abuse
-categorized these drugs according to therapeutic usefulness and potential for abuse
-title II updated and replaced all previous laws regarding narcotics and other dangerous drugs
Schedule I drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that have no accepted medical use; high abuse potential
(heroin, LSD)
Schedule II drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that are used medically and have high abuse potential
(codeine, cocaine)
Schedule III drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that have accepted medical use; less potential for abuse, but
may lead to dependence (depressants, mixtures with codeine)
Schedule IV drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that are accepted medical use but some potential for abuse
(benzodiazepines, sedatives, appetite suppressants)
Schedule V drug - correct answer ✔✔drugs that may be dispensed by pharmacist with restrictions
regarding amount, record keeping and other safeguards (lomotil)
, FDA Testing Phase 0 - correct answer ✔✔phase where drug testing occurs in animals and some humans
FDA Testing Phase 1 - correct answer ✔✔phase where a few doses are given to healthy humans to
determine safe dosages, routes of administration, absorption, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
FDA Testing Phase 2 - correct answer ✔✔phase where a few doses are given to subjects with the disease
or symptoms for which the drug is being studied, and responses are compared with those of healthy
subjects
FDA Testing Phase 3 - correct answer ✔✔phase where the drug is given to different populations and
different dosages and by using the drug in combination with other drugs
in placebo controlled experiment, half of subjects receive new drug and other half receive placebo
FDA Testing Phase 4 - correct answer ✔✔phase where the FDA allows the drug to be marketed and
requires manufacturers to continue postmarketing monitoring and electronic report submission of the
drug's safety and effectiveness
Black Box Warning - correct answer ✔✔required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for certain
medications that carry serious safety risks
The 10 Rights of Medication Administration - correct answer ✔✔-right drug
-right dose
-right patient
-right route
-right time
-right reason
-right documentation
-right patient education
-right evaluation
-right to refuse the medication
Sources of Drug Information - correct answer ✔✔-pharmacology textbooks
-drug reference books
-American hospital formulary service
-Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) (contains manufacturers' package inserts)
Cellular Level Drug Action - correct answer ✔✔the cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) contains carrier
proteins that carry medication throughout the body
Passive Diffusion - correct answer ✔✔the movement of drug molecules from an area of higher
concentration to one of lower concentration
Active Transport - correct answer ✔✔action where drug molecules are moved from an area of lower
concentration into an area of higher concentration which requires carrier substances and the release of
cellular energy (ATP)
