KAAP 180 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Who said "If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment and
exercise, not too little and not too much, we would have found the safest way to
health."? - Answers - Hippocrates
With what are Physical Education and Sociology of Sport associated? (Exercise
Science or Kinesiology) - Answers - Kinesiology
What does the Journal of Applied Physiology publish? - Answers - Original papers that
deal with diverse areas of research in applied physiology, especially those papers
emphasizing adaptive and integrative mechanisms
What does Adaptive physiology include?
What does Integrative physiology include? - Answers - 1) a) inherent adaptations such
as those related to development, aging, and pathophysiological conditions and b)
adaptations to the external environment such as those occurring with exercise,
microgravity, hypoxia, hypo- and hyperbaria, and hypo- and hyperthermic conditions
2) a) horizontal integration across organ systems and b) vertical integration from
molecule to cell to organ. In all areas of applied physiology, the use of cutting-edge
techniques including molecular and cellular biology is strongly encouraged.
What are the 4 basic elements of Kinesiology?
Why are these 4 basic elements integrated? - Answers - 1) Biochemistry, biomechanics,
motor control, and physiology
2) To allow kinesiologists to address a wide variety of questions
In recent years, how has the field of Kinesiology evolved? - Answers - Toward less
emphasis on sport and a much stronger focus on an understanding of human
movement and the role of physical activity and exercise in health and disease
Why is Exercise Science all about elite physical performance?
Why is it not? - Answers - 1) No because elite athletes or performers represent only a
small percentage of our population
2) Yes because studying elite performance, high level adaptations and performance in
environmental extremes has taught us much of what we know about human physiology
What is our discipline?
What is the principle function of a discipline?
What is the principle function of a profession? - Answers - 1) Kinesiology
2) To develop a coherent body of knowledge that describes, explains and predicts key
phenomena from the domain of interest
,3) Attempt to improve the conditions of society by providing a regulated service in which
practices and educational or training programs are developed in accordance with
knowledge available from one or more relevant disciplines
What do common occupational therapy interventions include? - Answers - Helping
children with disabilities to participate fully in school and social situations, helping
people recovering from injury to regain skills, and providing supports for older adults
experiencing physical and cognitive changes
What is an indicator of a strong discipline or profession? - Answers - Its representation
by a professional organization or a society
With what are societies usually accompanied? - Answers - Journals
What is the role of the American College of Sports Medicine in Exercise Science? -
Answers - 1) Developed as a "unique blend of physical education, medicine, and
physiology"
2) Provides significant public outreach
3) Works to shape public policy
-Recommendations, position stands, comments; Provides expertise on important topics
4) Disseminates scholarly research
What are sources of information or evidence? - Answers - 1) Anecdotal
2) Marketing Claims
3) Testimonial or Endorsement
4) Scientific Evidence
5) Expert Opinion
What is the difference between testimonial and endorsement? - Answers - The term
"testimonial" most commonly applies to the sales-pitches attributed to ordinary citizens,
whereas "endorsement" usually applies to pitches by celebrities
What is objectivity in science? - Answers - A value that informs how science is practiced
and how scientific truths are discovered; It is the idea that scientists, in attempting to
uncover truths about the natural world, must aspire to eliminate personal biases, a priori
commitments, emotional involvement
What are the characteristics of scientists? - Answers - 1) Doubters
2) Objective and Impartial (they do not have any personal bias toward the observations
they make)
3) Deal with facts and make conclusions based on data (they do not make personal
decisions about what is good or what is bad)
4) Not satisfied with isolated facts (seek to put things known into an orderly system)
What are the steps of the scientific method? - Answers - 1. Make an observation
2. Formulate a testable hypothesis
, 3. Design experiment to test hypothesis
4. Results may contribute to an existing or new theory on stress, exercise or well-being
5. Results often suggest new experiments
What are the different research approaches? - Answers - 1) Human models
2) Animal models
3) Tissue and cell cultures
4) Computer modeling
5) Advanced statistical techniques
What is the process for peer review of manuscripts? - Answers - 1) Authors submit final
draft of manuscript to the most appropriate journal. The manuscript describes an
experiment.
2) Editor selects 2 or 3 experts in the same or a related field to evaluate the manuscript
and then the editor evaluates the Reviews and determines whether to accept as is
(rare), revise and resubmit, or reject
3) When the manuscript is accepted, it is then published in a peer-reviewed journal -
meaning that it was deemed acceptable by members scientific community
How long is a marathon? - Answers - 26.2 miles
Why would you choose to do a marathon? - Answers - Accomplishment
Are marathons healthy? - Answers - If approached correctly, yes. But some students
mentioned musculoskeletal injuries and maybe high intensity running has an impact on
longevity
What percentage of the adult population meets the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines -
Answers - 48%
When we do research, how is epidemiology used? - Answers - To explain or support the
importance of our research problems
Who was the first epidemiologist? - Answers - Dr. John Snow
For what is Dr. John Snow famous? - Answers - Removed the handle of an infected
public water pump in London during a cholera outbreak
What are the main symptoms of cholera?
To what can they lead? - Answers - 1) Watery diarrhea and vomiting
2) Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and in some cases death
What was the worst epidemic of cholera in recent history? - Answers - Haiti Cholera
Outbreak
ANSWERS
Who said "If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment and
exercise, not too little and not too much, we would have found the safest way to
health."? - Answers - Hippocrates
With what are Physical Education and Sociology of Sport associated? (Exercise
Science or Kinesiology) - Answers - Kinesiology
What does the Journal of Applied Physiology publish? - Answers - Original papers that
deal with diverse areas of research in applied physiology, especially those papers
emphasizing adaptive and integrative mechanisms
What does Adaptive physiology include?
What does Integrative physiology include? - Answers - 1) a) inherent adaptations such
as those related to development, aging, and pathophysiological conditions and b)
adaptations to the external environment such as those occurring with exercise,
microgravity, hypoxia, hypo- and hyperbaria, and hypo- and hyperthermic conditions
2) a) horizontal integration across organ systems and b) vertical integration from
molecule to cell to organ. In all areas of applied physiology, the use of cutting-edge
techniques including molecular and cellular biology is strongly encouraged.
What are the 4 basic elements of Kinesiology?
Why are these 4 basic elements integrated? - Answers - 1) Biochemistry, biomechanics,
motor control, and physiology
2) To allow kinesiologists to address a wide variety of questions
In recent years, how has the field of Kinesiology evolved? - Answers - Toward less
emphasis on sport and a much stronger focus on an understanding of human
movement and the role of physical activity and exercise in health and disease
Why is Exercise Science all about elite physical performance?
Why is it not? - Answers - 1) No because elite athletes or performers represent only a
small percentage of our population
2) Yes because studying elite performance, high level adaptations and performance in
environmental extremes has taught us much of what we know about human physiology
What is our discipline?
What is the principle function of a discipline?
What is the principle function of a profession? - Answers - 1) Kinesiology
2) To develop a coherent body of knowledge that describes, explains and predicts key
phenomena from the domain of interest
,3) Attempt to improve the conditions of society by providing a regulated service in which
practices and educational or training programs are developed in accordance with
knowledge available from one or more relevant disciplines
What do common occupational therapy interventions include? - Answers - Helping
children with disabilities to participate fully in school and social situations, helping
people recovering from injury to regain skills, and providing supports for older adults
experiencing physical and cognitive changes
What is an indicator of a strong discipline or profession? - Answers - Its representation
by a professional organization or a society
With what are societies usually accompanied? - Answers - Journals
What is the role of the American College of Sports Medicine in Exercise Science? -
Answers - 1) Developed as a "unique blend of physical education, medicine, and
physiology"
2) Provides significant public outreach
3) Works to shape public policy
-Recommendations, position stands, comments; Provides expertise on important topics
4) Disseminates scholarly research
What are sources of information or evidence? - Answers - 1) Anecdotal
2) Marketing Claims
3) Testimonial or Endorsement
4) Scientific Evidence
5) Expert Opinion
What is the difference between testimonial and endorsement? - Answers - The term
"testimonial" most commonly applies to the sales-pitches attributed to ordinary citizens,
whereas "endorsement" usually applies to pitches by celebrities
What is objectivity in science? - Answers - A value that informs how science is practiced
and how scientific truths are discovered; It is the idea that scientists, in attempting to
uncover truths about the natural world, must aspire to eliminate personal biases, a priori
commitments, emotional involvement
What are the characteristics of scientists? - Answers - 1) Doubters
2) Objective and Impartial (they do not have any personal bias toward the observations
they make)
3) Deal with facts and make conclusions based on data (they do not make personal
decisions about what is good or what is bad)
4) Not satisfied with isolated facts (seek to put things known into an orderly system)
What are the steps of the scientific method? - Answers - 1. Make an observation
2. Formulate a testable hypothesis
, 3. Design experiment to test hypothesis
4. Results may contribute to an existing or new theory on stress, exercise or well-being
5. Results often suggest new experiments
What are the different research approaches? - Answers - 1) Human models
2) Animal models
3) Tissue and cell cultures
4) Computer modeling
5) Advanced statistical techniques
What is the process for peer review of manuscripts? - Answers - 1) Authors submit final
draft of manuscript to the most appropriate journal. The manuscript describes an
experiment.
2) Editor selects 2 or 3 experts in the same or a related field to evaluate the manuscript
and then the editor evaluates the Reviews and determines whether to accept as is
(rare), revise and resubmit, or reject
3) When the manuscript is accepted, it is then published in a peer-reviewed journal -
meaning that it was deemed acceptable by members scientific community
How long is a marathon? - Answers - 26.2 miles
Why would you choose to do a marathon? - Answers - Accomplishment
Are marathons healthy? - Answers - If approached correctly, yes. But some students
mentioned musculoskeletal injuries and maybe high intensity running has an impact on
longevity
What percentage of the adult population meets the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines -
Answers - 48%
When we do research, how is epidemiology used? - Answers - To explain or support the
importance of our research problems
Who was the first epidemiologist? - Answers - Dr. John Snow
For what is Dr. John Snow famous? - Answers - Removed the handle of an infected
public water pump in London during a cholera outbreak
What are the main symptoms of cholera?
To what can they lead? - Answers - 1) Watery diarrhea and vomiting
2) Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and in some cases death
What was the worst epidemic of cholera in recent history? - Answers - Haiti Cholera
Outbreak
