BIOD 210 GENETICS Exam MODULE 7 Questions and Ansẉers update

BIOD 210 GENETICS
Exam MODULE 7 Questions and
Ansẉers
2026\2027 update


1. Q: What is population genetics?
ANSWER The study of genetic variation within populations and the
evolutionary forces that change allele frequencies over time.


2. Q: What is a gene pool?
ANSWER The total collection of alleles in a population at any one
time.


3. Q: What is allele frequency?
ANSWER The proportion of a specific allele relative to all alleles for
that gene in the population.


4. Q: What is genotype frequency?
ANSWER The proportion of a specific genotype relative to all
genotypes in the population.


5. Q: What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE)?

, ANSWER A principle stating that allele and genotype frequencies in a
population remain constant from generation to generation in the
absence of evolutionary influences.


6. Q: What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
ANSWER p² + 2pq + q² = 1, where p and q are allele frequencies.


7. Q: In the HWE equation, what does p² represent?
ANSWER The frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype.


8. Q: In the HWE equation, what does 2pq represent?
ANSWER The frequency of the heterozygous genotype.


9. Q: In the HWE equation, what does q² represent?
ANSWER The frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype.


10. Q: What are the five assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium?
ANSWER 1) No mutation, 2) No migration/gene flow, 3) No natural
selection, 4) Random mating, 5) Large population size (no genetic
drift).


11. Q: What is microevolution?
ANSWER Small-scale changes in allele frequencies within a
population over a few generations.


12. Q: What is natural selection?