NU 136 Nursing Fundamentals Exam 1 Study Guide (Galen)
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Describe the psychological state of a person in the Transition Stage of illness.
The person is unaware of any symptoms and feels healthy.
The person fully accepts their illness and seeks treatment.
The person may deny feeling ill but acknowledges the presence of
symptoms.
The person experiences heightened anxiety about their health.
2. Normal flora (microbiota) __ _.
protect against infection by pathogens
have no role in affecting pathogen growth
are organisms that typically reside in or on your body
are the organisms that typically reside in or on your body and
protect against infection by pathogens
enhance infection by pathogens
3. When providing care to clients, the nurse is thorough in accomplishing the
primary goal of asepsis. The nurse knows the primary goal of asepsis is which
of the following selections?
Confining microorganisms to one area.
Reducing transmission of disease.
Eliminating spores from a surface.
Removing all microorganisms.
,4. Describe the significance of the Acceptance stage in the process of illness.
The Acceptance stage is when symptoms first appear.
The Acceptance stage involves acknowledging the illness and
beginning to adapt to its effects.
The Acceptance stage is when the body starts to heal without any
intervention.
The Acceptance stage is characterized by a complete recovery from
the illness.
5. What are some methods to prevent sensory deprivation in isolation patients?
Providing medication, increasing isolation time, limiting visitor access,
and reducing activities.
Using restraints, minimizing conversations, encouraging sleep, and
avoiding grooming.
Focusing solely on medical care, reducing social interactions, and
limiting sensory input.
Active listening, encouraging grooming and activities, engaging in
meaningful conversations, and welcoming visitors.
6. Describe the circumstances under which Transmission-Based Precautions are
necessary in a healthcare setting.
Transmission-Based Precautions are used for all patients regardless of
their condition.
Transmission-Based Precautions are only necessary for patients with
chronic illnesses.
Transmission-Based Precautions are necessary for patients with
known or suspected specific diseases.
, Transmission-Based Precautions are only used in emergency
situations.
7. The defense mechanism "projection" can beset be defined as the:
attributing to others one's own unacceptable feelings, motives, or
desires.
ignoring of a problem, especially in cases of medical illness, because
of the anxiety it causes.
returning to an earlier mode of behavior or level of emotional
adjustment
redirecting of an emotion from the original object to a more
acceptable substitute object.
8. A nurse is assessing a patient with a pressure injury. The nurse notes a swollen
nonblanchable erythema of intact skin. The patient complains of discomfort
and altered sensation at the wound site. Which pressure injury is this
described as?
Stage 2
deep tissue
Stage 1
Stage 3
9. What is one precaution that should be taken to prevent burns in patients with
sensory impairments?
Encouraging hot baths
Providing more blankets
Increasing room temperature
, Using barriers for thermal applications
10. What is the primary guideline for the use of standard precautions in
healthcare settings?
Only for patients with known infections
Only for patients in isolation
For every patient contact
Only during surgical procedures
11. Describe the significance of non-blanchable erythema in identifying a Stage
1 pressure injury.
Non-blanchable erythema is a sign of infection.
Non-blanchable erythema shows that the skin is healing.
Non-blanchable erythema means the skin is healthy.
Non-blanchable erythema indicates that the skin is damaged and at
risk for further injury.
12. What is the primary method through which artificially acquired immunity is
obtained?
Use of antibiotics.
Vaccination with dead or inactive viruses or their toxins.
Natural exposure to pathogens.
Antibody transfer from mother to child.
13. If a nurse notices that an isolation patient is showing signs of sensory
deprivation, what intervention should they prioritize to address this issue?
Providing more medication to manage anxiety.
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Describe the psychological state of a person in the Transition Stage of illness.
The person is unaware of any symptoms and feels healthy.
The person fully accepts their illness and seeks treatment.
The person may deny feeling ill but acknowledges the presence of
symptoms.
The person experiences heightened anxiety about their health.
2. Normal flora (microbiota) __ _.
protect against infection by pathogens
have no role in affecting pathogen growth
are organisms that typically reside in or on your body
are the organisms that typically reside in or on your body and
protect against infection by pathogens
enhance infection by pathogens
3. When providing care to clients, the nurse is thorough in accomplishing the
primary goal of asepsis. The nurse knows the primary goal of asepsis is which
of the following selections?
Confining microorganisms to one area.
Reducing transmission of disease.
Eliminating spores from a surface.
Removing all microorganisms.
,4. Describe the significance of the Acceptance stage in the process of illness.
The Acceptance stage is when symptoms first appear.
The Acceptance stage involves acknowledging the illness and
beginning to adapt to its effects.
The Acceptance stage is when the body starts to heal without any
intervention.
The Acceptance stage is characterized by a complete recovery from
the illness.
5. What are some methods to prevent sensory deprivation in isolation patients?
Providing medication, increasing isolation time, limiting visitor access,
and reducing activities.
Using restraints, minimizing conversations, encouraging sleep, and
avoiding grooming.
Focusing solely on medical care, reducing social interactions, and
limiting sensory input.
Active listening, encouraging grooming and activities, engaging in
meaningful conversations, and welcoming visitors.
6. Describe the circumstances under which Transmission-Based Precautions are
necessary in a healthcare setting.
Transmission-Based Precautions are used for all patients regardless of
their condition.
Transmission-Based Precautions are only necessary for patients with
chronic illnesses.
Transmission-Based Precautions are necessary for patients with
known or suspected specific diseases.
, Transmission-Based Precautions are only used in emergency
situations.
7. The defense mechanism "projection" can beset be defined as the:
attributing to others one's own unacceptable feelings, motives, or
desires.
ignoring of a problem, especially in cases of medical illness, because
of the anxiety it causes.
returning to an earlier mode of behavior or level of emotional
adjustment
redirecting of an emotion from the original object to a more
acceptable substitute object.
8. A nurse is assessing a patient with a pressure injury. The nurse notes a swollen
nonblanchable erythema of intact skin. The patient complains of discomfort
and altered sensation at the wound site. Which pressure injury is this
described as?
Stage 2
deep tissue
Stage 1
Stage 3
9. What is one precaution that should be taken to prevent burns in patients with
sensory impairments?
Encouraging hot baths
Providing more blankets
Increasing room temperature
, Using barriers for thermal applications
10. What is the primary guideline for the use of standard precautions in
healthcare settings?
Only for patients with known infections
Only for patients in isolation
For every patient contact
Only during surgical procedures
11. Describe the significance of non-blanchable erythema in identifying a Stage
1 pressure injury.
Non-blanchable erythema is a sign of infection.
Non-blanchable erythema shows that the skin is healing.
Non-blanchable erythema means the skin is healthy.
Non-blanchable erythema indicates that the skin is damaged and at
risk for further injury.
12. What is the primary method through which artificially acquired immunity is
obtained?
Use of antibiotics.
Vaccination with dead or inactive viruses or their toxins.
Natural exposure to pathogens.
Antibody transfer from mother to child.
13. If a nurse notices that an isolation patient is showing signs of sensory
deprivation, what intervention should they prioritize to address this issue?
Providing more medication to manage anxiety.
