BIOL251 HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I W/LAB 2026 | MODULE 6 EXAM REVIEW NERVOUS SYSTEM, NERVOUS TISSUE & CNS 100+ QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS AND RATIONALes

BIOL251 HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
I W/LAB 2026 | MODULE 6 EXAM REVIEW
NERVOUS SYSTEM, NERVOUS TISSUE &
CNS 100+ QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS AND RATIONALes




SECTION 1: NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS

Question 1: What are the two primary divisions of the human
nervous system?

 A) Somatic and Autonomic

 B) Central and Peripheral

 C) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

 D) Afferent and Efferent

Correct Answer: B) Central and Peripheral

Rationale: The nervous system is divided into the Central
Nervous System (CNS - brain and spinal cord) and the
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS - all neural tissue outside
the CNS). The somatic/autonomic and afferent/efferent are
subdivisions of the PNS .

,Question 2: Which of the following is NOT a function of the
nervous system?

 A) Receiving sensory input

 B) Integrating information

 C) Producing red blood cells

 D) Responding to stimuli with motor output

Correct Answer: C) Producing red blood cells

Rationale: Red blood cell production (hematopoiesis) occurs in
red bone marrow, not the nervous system. The nervous
system's primary functions are sensory input, integration, and
motor output .

Question 3: The supporting cells of the nervous system are
collectively called:

 A) Neurofibrils

 B) Neuroglia or glial cells

 C) Nissl bodies

 D) Synaptic vesicles

Correct Answer: B) Neuroglia or glial cells

,Rationale: Neuroglia (glial cells) are the supporting cells that
provide structural support, nourishment, and protection for
neurons. They outnumber neurons approximately 10:1 .

Question 4: The scientific term for a nerve cell is a:

 A) Nephron

 B) Neuron

 C) Neuroglia

 D) Neurilemma

Correct Answer: B) Neuron

Rationale: The neuron is the structural and functional unit of
the nervous system, specialized for transmitting electrical
signals .

Question 5: Which part of a neuron receives signals from
other neurons?

 A) Axon

 B) Axon terminal

 C) Cell body (soma) and dendrites

 D) Myelin sheath

Correct Answer: C) Cell body (soma) and dendrites

, Rationale: Dendrites are the primary receptive regions of a
neuron. They contain numerous receptors for
neurotransmitters and conduct graded potentials toward the
cell body .

Question 6: The axon hillock is the site where:

 A) Neurotransmitters are released

 B) Action potentials are initiated

 C) Protein synthesis occurs

 D) Myelin is produced

Correct Answer: B) Action potentials are initiated

Rationale: The axon hillock has a high density of voltage-
gated sodium channels. It integrates graded potentials from
dendrites and, if threshold is reached, initiates action
potentials .

Question 7: Which glial cell is responsible for forming the
myelin sheath in the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

 A) Schwann cells

 B) Oligodendrocytes

 C) Astrocytes

 D) Microglia