NUR 257 Exam 2 (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing 100%
Correct [Grade A] - Galen
A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. The health
care provider indicates the client has probably had this condition for years. What factor
is important for the nurse to consider when teaching the client about valvular disease?
"The client may have to wear antiembolism stocking to help with venous return."
"The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms."
"The client needs premium insurance to cover the cost of medications."
"The client's religion may prohibit the client from seeking medical attention." - Correct
answer "The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms."
A client with aortic regurgitation is admitted to the hospital. Which assessment
findings would indicate left ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea
,Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea - Correct answer Dyspnea, orthopnea,
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
The nurse is reviewing the lab work of a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis.
Which diagnostic study confirms the diagnosis?
Serum cardiac antigens
Complete blood count
Positive blood culture
Immunosuppressant assay - Correct answer Positive blood culture
A young parent brings a 4-year-old child to the pediatric clinic with a mild fever and a
red, spotty rash that is beginning to fade. The child's heart rate is rapid, and the rhythm
is abnormal. The parent states the child has been healthy until about 3 weeks ago,
when the child had a sore throat. The nurse suspects rheumatic carditis. What
organism causes rheumatic carditis?
Group A beta-hemolytic strep
Staphylococcus aureus
Epstein-Barr virus
,Streptococcus viridians - Correct answer Group A beta-hemolytic strep
Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find in the
client diagnosed with aortic regurgitation?
Systolic pressure is lower in the lower extremities
Decrescendo systolic murmur
Visible neck vein pulsations
Pulse pressure shortens - Correct answer Visible neck vein pulsations
A nurse is assigned to the medical intensive care unit. The nurse auscultates a water-
hammer pulse. What will the sound resemble?
low-pitched diastolic murmur at the apex
quick, sharp strokes that suddenly collapse
mitral click
high-pitched blowing sound at the apex - Correct answer quick, sharp strokes that
suddenly collapse
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
, Congestive heart failure
Degenerative stenosis
Rheumatic endocarditis
Myocardial infarction - Correct answer Rheumatic endocarditis
The nurse is caring for a five-client assignment on a cardiac unit. In caring for which
client would the nurse be most correct to assess for an effusion?
A client with chest pain
A client with chest trauma
A client with aortic stenosis
A client with mitral valve prolapse - Correct answer A client with chest trauma
A patient has had a successful heart transplant for end-stage heart disease. What
immunosuppressant will be necessary for this patient to take to prevent rejection?
Nifedipine
Vancomycin
Cyclosporine
Verapamil - Correct answer Cyclosporine
Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing 100%
Correct [Grade A] - Galen
A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. The health
care provider indicates the client has probably had this condition for years. What factor
is important for the nurse to consider when teaching the client about valvular disease?
"The client may have to wear antiembolism stocking to help with venous return."
"The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms."
"The client needs premium insurance to cover the cost of medications."
"The client's religion may prohibit the client from seeking medical attention." - Correct
answer "The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms."
A client with aortic regurgitation is admitted to the hospital. Which assessment
findings would indicate left ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea
,Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea - Correct answer Dyspnea, orthopnea,
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
The nurse is reviewing the lab work of a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis.
Which diagnostic study confirms the diagnosis?
Serum cardiac antigens
Complete blood count
Positive blood culture
Immunosuppressant assay - Correct answer Positive blood culture
A young parent brings a 4-year-old child to the pediatric clinic with a mild fever and a
red, spotty rash that is beginning to fade. The child's heart rate is rapid, and the rhythm
is abnormal. The parent states the child has been healthy until about 3 weeks ago,
when the child had a sore throat. The nurse suspects rheumatic carditis. What
organism causes rheumatic carditis?
Group A beta-hemolytic strep
Staphylococcus aureus
Epstein-Barr virus
,Streptococcus viridians - Correct answer Group A beta-hemolytic strep
Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find in the
client diagnosed with aortic regurgitation?
Systolic pressure is lower in the lower extremities
Decrescendo systolic murmur
Visible neck vein pulsations
Pulse pressure shortens - Correct answer Visible neck vein pulsations
A nurse is assigned to the medical intensive care unit. The nurse auscultates a water-
hammer pulse. What will the sound resemble?
low-pitched diastolic murmur at the apex
quick, sharp strokes that suddenly collapse
mitral click
high-pitched blowing sound at the apex - Correct answer quick, sharp strokes that
suddenly collapse
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
, Congestive heart failure
Degenerative stenosis
Rheumatic endocarditis
Myocardial infarction - Correct answer Rheumatic endocarditis
The nurse is caring for a five-client assignment on a cardiac unit. In caring for which
client would the nurse be most correct to assess for an effusion?
A client with chest pain
A client with chest trauma
A client with aortic stenosis
A client with mitral valve prolapse - Correct answer A client with chest trauma
A patient has had a successful heart transplant for end-stage heart disease. What
immunosuppressant will be necessary for this patient to take to prevent rejection?
Nifedipine
Vancomycin
Cyclosporine
Verapamil - Correct answer Cyclosporine
