VTNE EXAM QUESTIONS AND WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS A+
Grade 2026\2027
What is the function of a laryngoscope?
1.
To obtain tissue samples from the trachea
2.
To facilitate endotracheal intubation by allowing direct visualization of the opening to the trachea
3.
To cover the esophagus and prevent regurgitation during surgery
4.
To provide a way for anesthetic gases to be delivered
- correct answer The function of a laryngoscope is to facilitate endotracheal intubation by allowing
direct visualization of the opening to the trachea. Anesthetic gases are delivered via an endotracheal
tube. A laryngoscope is not used to obtain tissue samples or to cover the esophagus and prevent
regurgitation during surgery.
It is safe to draw ≅1% of a bird's body weight of blood. For a 450 g bird, how much blood can be taken
safely?
1. 0.45 mL
2. 4.5 mL
3. 45 mL
4. 450mL
450 mL
- correct answer 4.5ml
,Blood weighs approximately 1 g/mL. 1% of 450 g = 4.5 g. 4.5 g of blood is approximately 4.5 mL. 450 g x
0.01 x 1 mL/g = 4.5 mL.
Which of the following ultrasound artifacts will likely be produced when the sound wave strikes a metal
object or a pocket of air?
1. Edge shadowing
2. Comet tail
3. Mirror image
4. Acoustic enhancement
- correct answer Comet tail
When a sound wave strikes a metal object or air, a comet-tail artifact will likely be produced. A comet-
tail artifact appears as a series of closely interspaced and intense reverberations or reflections that
resemble the tail of a comet. Edge shadowing occurs when the sound wave is redirected by an interface
and a shadow is cast from the edge of an object. Mirror image artifact occurs when the sound wave
strikes a strong reflective surface and is misinterpreted by the ultrasound machine, which writes the
same image on the opposite side of the reflector to create a mirror image. Acoustic enhancement occurs
when the sound wave accelerates through a fluid-filled medium and the intensity is stronger, which
enhances the tissue behind it.
When conducting a tooth-by tooth evaluation with dental radiographs, when is the client given the total
estimate for care?
1. On the telephone when the appointment is made
2. In the examination room
3. When the animal is picked up after treatment
4. After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
- correct answer After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
It is critical that the owner is notified of any changes to the treatment plan. The oral exam is performed
in two parts. The first part is in the exam room with the patient awake. The initial treatment plan can be
presented at this point. The second part of the exam is performed after the patient is anesthetized. Each
tooth, the oral cavity, and full-mouth radiographs are performed. After this is accomplished, the owner
should be contacted and be told whether the treatment plan will remain the same or will change in any
,way. This is also a good opportunity to update the owner on the patient's condition under anesthesia
and to provide a tentative completion time.
Taking a complete and accurate patient history:
1. Is an important task that may be performed by veterinary technicians
2. Should only be performed by a veterinarian
3. Is only necessary if the patient has never been to the hospital
4. Is not necessary for wellness exams in healthy patients
- correct answer Is an important task that may be performed by veterinary technicians
The veterinary technician who is capable of obtaining a complete and accurate history can play a critical
role in a busy veterinary practice. Obtaining information from clients is often time consuming, and
veterinary technicians who can do this well free veterinarians to complete other work. Using historical
information, as well as other parts of the database, the veterinary technician should be able to generate
technician evaluations and to formulate appropriate technician interventions to support the patient.
Patient exams are important every time a patient visits the hospital, even during wellness exams.
Which of these signs is not an indication of dystocia?
1. Green or black vulvar discharge
2. Profuse vulvar hemorrhage
3. Pup or kitten in the birth canal for 5 minutes
4. More than 1 hour of vigorous contractions with no pup or kitten produced
- correct answer Green or black vulvar discharge
This normal during parturition, and it is therefore not an indication of dystocia. Dystocia is considered
when there is active straining for >60 minutes without delivering a fetus, no straining for >4 hours when
fetuses are present, weak contractions lasting >2 hours, or if the mother or fetuses are showing signs of
stress. A pup or kitten should not take longer than 5 minutes to move through the birth canal. Profuse
hemor-rhage from the vulva is also a sign of dystocia.
A chest tube is placed when an animal has:
, 1. Subcutaneous emphysema
2. Pulmonary edema
3. Ascites
4. Pneumothorax
- correct answer Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax is when air has been trapped in the chest cavity, between the lungs and the chest wall,
and the lungs collapse because of increased pressure within the chest cavity. A chest tube can help
evacuate the air and allow the lungs to expand. Pulmonary edema is fluid within the lungs (chest tubes
are never placed within lungs). Ascites is fluid within the abdominal cavity. Subcutaneous emphysema is
air trapped under the skin, and a chest tube does not treat emphysema.
What is considered the most painful portion of a routine spay procedure?
1. The initial abdominal incision
2. Applying the angiotribe
3. The plucking/tearing of the suspensory ligament
4. Ligation of the ovarian pedicle
- correct answer The plucking/tearing of the suspensory ligament
The most painful portion of the spay procedure is the plucking of the suspensory ligament. The patient
may experience a temporary increase in heart rate and respiratory rate, which will resolve without
intervention.
When a bitch is presented to the hospital for an ovariohysterectomy, the technician should do all of the
following except:
1. Ensure the dog is a female
2. Obtain a telephone number where the client can be reached that day
3. Ensure that the bitch does not have an abdominal scar
4. Give the dog aspirin, because the surgical procedure will be painful
- correct answer Give the dog aspirin, because the surgical procedure will be painful
Aspirin is not given for preemptive analgesia before a surgery because of its effect on platelet function,
which may diminish blood clotting during the procedure. Also, preemptive analgesics are generally given
Grade 2026\2027
What is the function of a laryngoscope?
1.
To obtain tissue samples from the trachea
2.
To facilitate endotracheal intubation by allowing direct visualization of the opening to the trachea
3.
To cover the esophagus and prevent regurgitation during surgery
4.
To provide a way for anesthetic gases to be delivered
- correct answer The function of a laryngoscope is to facilitate endotracheal intubation by allowing
direct visualization of the opening to the trachea. Anesthetic gases are delivered via an endotracheal
tube. A laryngoscope is not used to obtain tissue samples or to cover the esophagus and prevent
regurgitation during surgery.
It is safe to draw ≅1% of a bird's body weight of blood. For a 450 g bird, how much blood can be taken
safely?
1. 0.45 mL
2. 4.5 mL
3. 45 mL
4. 450mL
450 mL
- correct answer 4.5ml
,Blood weighs approximately 1 g/mL. 1% of 450 g = 4.5 g. 4.5 g of blood is approximately 4.5 mL. 450 g x
0.01 x 1 mL/g = 4.5 mL.
Which of the following ultrasound artifacts will likely be produced when the sound wave strikes a metal
object or a pocket of air?
1. Edge shadowing
2. Comet tail
3. Mirror image
4. Acoustic enhancement
- correct answer Comet tail
When a sound wave strikes a metal object or air, a comet-tail artifact will likely be produced. A comet-
tail artifact appears as a series of closely interspaced and intense reverberations or reflections that
resemble the tail of a comet. Edge shadowing occurs when the sound wave is redirected by an interface
and a shadow is cast from the edge of an object. Mirror image artifact occurs when the sound wave
strikes a strong reflective surface and is misinterpreted by the ultrasound machine, which writes the
same image on the opposite side of the reflector to create a mirror image. Acoustic enhancement occurs
when the sound wave accelerates through a fluid-filled medium and the intensity is stronger, which
enhances the tissue behind it.
When conducting a tooth-by tooth evaluation with dental radiographs, when is the client given the total
estimate for care?
1. On the telephone when the appointment is made
2. In the examination room
3. When the animal is picked up after treatment
4. After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
- correct answer After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
It is critical that the owner is notified of any changes to the treatment plan. The oral exam is performed
in two parts. The first part is in the exam room with the patient awake. The initial treatment plan can be
presented at this point. The second part of the exam is performed after the patient is anesthetized. Each
tooth, the oral cavity, and full-mouth radiographs are performed. After this is accomplished, the owner
should be contacted and be told whether the treatment plan will remain the same or will change in any
,way. This is also a good opportunity to update the owner on the patient's condition under anesthesia
and to provide a tentative completion time.
Taking a complete and accurate patient history:
1. Is an important task that may be performed by veterinary technicians
2. Should only be performed by a veterinarian
3. Is only necessary if the patient has never been to the hospital
4. Is not necessary for wellness exams in healthy patients
- correct answer Is an important task that may be performed by veterinary technicians
The veterinary technician who is capable of obtaining a complete and accurate history can play a critical
role in a busy veterinary practice. Obtaining information from clients is often time consuming, and
veterinary technicians who can do this well free veterinarians to complete other work. Using historical
information, as well as other parts of the database, the veterinary technician should be able to generate
technician evaluations and to formulate appropriate technician interventions to support the patient.
Patient exams are important every time a patient visits the hospital, even during wellness exams.
Which of these signs is not an indication of dystocia?
1. Green or black vulvar discharge
2. Profuse vulvar hemorrhage
3. Pup or kitten in the birth canal for 5 minutes
4. More than 1 hour of vigorous contractions with no pup or kitten produced
- correct answer Green or black vulvar discharge
This normal during parturition, and it is therefore not an indication of dystocia. Dystocia is considered
when there is active straining for >60 minutes without delivering a fetus, no straining for >4 hours when
fetuses are present, weak contractions lasting >2 hours, or if the mother or fetuses are showing signs of
stress. A pup or kitten should not take longer than 5 minutes to move through the birth canal. Profuse
hemor-rhage from the vulva is also a sign of dystocia.
A chest tube is placed when an animal has:
, 1. Subcutaneous emphysema
2. Pulmonary edema
3. Ascites
4. Pneumothorax
- correct answer Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax is when air has been trapped in the chest cavity, between the lungs and the chest wall,
and the lungs collapse because of increased pressure within the chest cavity. A chest tube can help
evacuate the air and allow the lungs to expand. Pulmonary edema is fluid within the lungs (chest tubes
are never placed within lungs). Ascites is fluid within the abdominal cavity. Subcutaneous emphysema is
air trapped under the skin, and a chest tube does not treat emphysema.
What is considered the most painful portion of a routine spay procedure?
1. The initial abdominal incision
2. Applying the angiotribe
3. The plucking/tearing of the suspensory ligament
4. Ligation of the ovarian pedicle
- correct answer The plucking/tearing of the suspensory ligament
The most painful portion of the spay procedure is the plucking of the suspensory ligament. The patient
may experience a temporary increase in heart rate and respiratory rate, which will resolve without
intervention.
When a bitch is presented to the hospital for an ovariohysterectomy, the technician should do all of the
following except:
1. Ensure the dog is a female
2. Obtain a telephone number where the client can be reached that day
3. Ensure that the bitch does not have an abdominal scar
4. Give the dog aspirin, because the surgical procedure will be painful
- correct answer Give the dog aspirin, because the surgical procedure will be painful
Aspirin is not given for preemptive analgesia before a surgery because of its effect on platelet function,
which may diminish blood clotting during the procedure. Also, preemptive analgesics are generally given
