NUR 201 Midterm Exam Review 2026 | Verified Q&A |
Graded A+
1. A patient with left sided heart failure has been experiencing increased
symptoms related to their condition. The patient asks "Why am I coughing so
much and getting so tired after walking up the stairs?" The nurse should
respond with:
Your heart isn't pumping effectively, causing a backflow of blood
into your lungs
There is fluid around your heart, making it harder for you to do
physical activity
You could be having a heart attack, let's run some labs
Your heart is not pumping blood to the lungs, increasing left ventricle
workload
2. Which of the following foods provides the most potassium?
1 cup of strawberries
1/2 cup of kidney beans
1 cup of cooked mushrooms
1. cup of cooked spinach
3. Describe the physiological changes that occur in the body during
hyperventilation leading to respiratory alkalosis.
Hyperventilation results in an increase in metabolic waste products,
causing metabolic alkalosis.
During hyperventilation, excessive carbon dioxide is expelled,
leading to decreased carbonic acid and increased blood pH,
resulting in respiratory alkalosis.
, Hyperventilation has no significant effect on blood pH levels.
Hyperventilation causes an increase in carbon dioxide levels, leading
to respiratory acidosis.
4. Interstitial and intravascular fluids form part of the:
Extracellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Both
Neither
5. A patient with a tracheostomy is experiencing increased secretions. As a
nurse, how should you approach catheter insertion during care?
Insert the catheter without suction to assess the secretions first.
Insert the catheter and then suction for 1 minute to clear secretions.
Suction the airway before inserting the catheter to clear it
immediately.
Use suction while inserting the catheter to prevent blockage.
6. A nurse is assessing an edematous cardiac patient, retaining fluids. What is
the patient considered to be?
hypernatremic
Hypokalemic
hyponatremic
hypercalcemic
,7. Unoxygenated Blood flows from the right ventricle thru the _____ to the
lungs, then oxygenated blood moves thru _______ to the left atrium.
pulmonary artery; pulmonary vein
aorta; vena cava
vena cava; aorta
pulmonary vein; pulmonary artery
8. What is the second chamber of the heart that blood enters, where
unoxygenated blood flows from here to the lungs, labeled 2 in the picture?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
9. Underlying pathologic process in coronary heart disease is known as
hypertension
angina
, atherosclerosis
myocardial infarction
10. Which type of lipoprotein is known for its protective effect against coronary
heart disease?
Triglyceride levels
HDL levels
LDL levels
VLDL levels
11. If a patient presents with a respiratory condition that leads to an increase in
carbonic acid, how would this affect the carbonic acid to bicarbonate ratio
and what implications might this have for the patient's acid-base status?
The ratio would fluctuate without any significant clinical implications.
The ratio would decrease, potentially leading to acidosis.
The ratio would increase, potentially leading to alkalosis.
The ratio would remain unchanged, indicating stable acid-base status.
12. A patient with anxiety is hyperventilating and exhibits signs of respiratory
alkalosis. What immediate nursing intervention should be prioritized to
address this condition?
Provide sedatives to calm the patient immediately.
Encourage the patient to breathe into a paper bag to increase
carbon dioxide levels.
Administer oxygen therapy to increase oxygen saturation.
Monitor vital signs without intervention.
Graded A+
1. A patient with left sided heart failure has been experiencing increased
symptoms related to their condition. The patient asks "Why am I coughing so
much and getting so tired after walking up the stairs?" The nurse should
respond with:
Your heart isn't pumping effectively, causing a backflow of blood
into your lungs
There is fluid around your heart, making it harder for you to do
physical activity
You could be having a heart attack, let's run some labs
Your heart is not pumping blood to the lungs, increasing left ventricle
workload
2. Which of the following foods provides the most potassium?
1 cup of strawberries
1/2 cup of kidney beans
1 cup of cooked mushrooms
1. cup of cooked spinach
3. Describe the physiological changes that occur in the body during
hyperventilation leading to respiratory alkalosis.
Hyperventilation results in an increase in metabolic waste products,
causing metabolic alkalosis.
During hyperventilation, excessive carbon dioxide is expelled,
leading to decreased carbonic acid and increased blood pH,
resulting in respiratory alkalosis.
, Hyperventilation has no significant effect on blood pH levels.
Hyperventilation causes an increase in carbon dioxide levels, leading
to respiratory acidosis.
4. Interstitial and intravascular fluids form part of the:
Extracellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Both
Neither
5. A patient with a tracheostomy is experiencing increased secretions. As a
nurse, how should you approach catheter insertion during care?
Insert the catheter without suction to assess the secretions first.
Insert the catheter and then suction for 1 minute to clear secretions.
Suction the airway before inserting the catheter to clear it
immediately.
Use suction while inserting the catheter to prevent blockage.
6. A nurse is assessing an edematous cardiac patient, retaining fluids. What is
the patient considered to be?
hypernatremic
Hypokalemic
hyponatremic
hypercalcemic
,7. Unoxygenated Blood flows from the right ventricle thru the _____ to the
lungs, then oxygenated blood moves thru _______ to the left atrium.
pulmonary artery; pulmonary vein
aorta; vena cava
vena cava; aorta
pulmonary vein; pulmonary artery
8. What is the second chamber of the heart that blood enters, where
unoxygenated blood flows from here to the lungs, labeled 2 in the picture?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
9. Underlying pathologic process in coronary heart disease is known as
hypertension
angina
, atherosclerosis
myocardial infarction
10. Which type of lipoprotein is known for its protective effect against coronary
heart disease?
Triglyceride levels
HDL levels
LDL levels
VLDL levels
11. If a patient presents with a respiratory condition that leads to an increase in
carbonic acid, how would this affect the carbonic acid to bicarbonate ratio
and what implications might this have for the patient's acid-base status?
The ratio would fluctuate without any significant clinical implications.
The ratio would decrease, potentially leading to acidosis.
The ratio would increase, potentially leading to alkalosis.
The ratio would remain unchanged, indicating stable acid-base status.
12. A patient with anxiety is hyperventilating and exhibits signs of respiratory
alkalosis. What immediate nursing intervention should be prioritized to
address this condition?
Provide sedatives to calm the patient immediately.
Encourage the patient to breathe into a paper bag to increase
carbon dioxide levels.
Administer oxygen therapy to increase oxygen saturation.
Monitor vital signs without intervention.
