ATI chp87 HIV/AIDS questions and answers A+ Grade
2026\2027
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- correct answer Retro virus transmitted through blood and body fluids (semen, vaginal secretions)
HIV targets
- correct answer CD4+ lymphocytes, AKA T - cells or T- lymphocytes
HIV is found in
- correct answer Feces, urine, tears, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, cervical cells, lymph nodes, corneal
tissues, brain tissue which are usually unlikely sources of infection
Three stages of HIV
- correct answer Progressive,chronic asymptomatic infection, AIDS
Progression of HIV infection
- correct answer - Manifestation within 2 to 4 weeks of infection
- symptoms similar to flu include rash and sore throat
- rapid rise in HIV viral load, decreased CD4+ cells and increased CD8 cells
-lymphadenopathy persist throughout the disease process
Chronic asymptomatic infection
- correct answer - Stage prolonged/Clinically silent ( 10 yrs or more)
- Anti-HIV antibodies are produced (HIV-positive)
- virus begins active replication (CD4+ cells are destroyed, viral load increases, dramatic loss of immunity
begins)
AIDS
- correct answer - Characterized by life-threatening opportunistic infections
, - in stage of HIV infection, without treatment death occurs within five years
- all people with AIDS have HIV but not all people with HIV have AIDS
Health promotion and disease prevention
- correct answer - Teach how virus is transmitted anyways to prevent infection i.e. condoms, abstinence,
avoid sharing needles
- encouraging maintaining immunizations including yearly flu and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
(PPSV)
Assessment - risk factors
- correct answer Unprotected sex
- multiple sex partners
- occupational exposure
- prenatal exposure
- blood transfusions
- IV drug use with Contaminated needle
-older adults more susceptible to fluid/electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, skin alterations, wasting
syndrome
- older women experience vaginal dryness/thinning of vaginal wall, increasing their susceptibility to HIV
infection
Assessment - subjective data
- correct answer Chills, rash, anorexia, nausea, weight-loss, weakness/fatigue, headache/sore throat,
night sweats
HIV determination
- correct answer -Positive result from HIV antibody screening test (ELISA)
- confirm by positive results from supplemental HIV antibody test(western blot/indirect
immunofluorescence)
-positive result/report of detectable quantity from the following: HIV nucleic acid detection test(RT-
PCR), branched DNA method(bDNA), nucleic acid sequence based assay(NASBA)
2026\2027
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- correct answer Retro virus transmitted through blood and body fluids (semen, vaginal secretions)
HIV targets
- correct answer CD4+ lymphocytes, AKA T - cells or T- lymphocytes
HIV is found in
- correct answer Feces, urine, tears, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, cervical cells, lymph nodes, corneal
tissues, brain tissue which are usually unlikely sources of infection
Three stages of HIV
- correct answer Progressive,chronic asymptomatic infection, AIDS
Progression of HIV infection
- correct answer - Manifestation within 2 to 4 weeks of infection
- symptoms similar to flu include rash and sore throat
- rapid rise in HIV viral load, decreased CD4+ cells and increased CD8 cells
-lymphadenopathy persist throughout the disease process
Chronic asymptomatic infection
- correct answer - Stage prolonged/Clinically silent ( 10 yrs or more)
- Anti-HIV antibodies are produced (HIV-positive)
- virus begins active replication (CD4+ cells are destroyed, viral load increases, dramatic loss of immunity
begins)
AIDS
- correct answer - Characterized by life-threatening opportunistic infections
, - in stage of HIV infection, without treatment death occurs within five years
- all people with AIDS have HIV but not all people with HIV have AIDS
Health promotion and disease prevention
- correct answer - Teach how virus is transmitted anyways to prevent infection i.e. condoms, abstinence,
avoid sharing needles
- encouraging maintaining immunizations including yearly flu and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
(PPSV)
Assessment - risk factors
- correct answer Unprotected sex
- multiple sex partners
- occupational exposure
- prenatal exposure
- blood transfusions
- IV drug use with Contaminated needle
-older adults more susceptible to fluid/electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, skin alterations, wasting
syndrome
- older women experience vaginal dryness/thinning of vaginal wall, increasing their susceptibility to HIV
infection
Assessment - subjective data
- correct answer Chills, rash, anorexia, nausea, weight-loss, weakness/fatigue, headache/sore throat,
night sweats
HIV determination
- correct answer -Positive result from HIV antibody screening test (ELISA)
- confirm by positive results from supplemental HIV antibody test(western blot/indirect
immunofluorescence)
-positive result/report of detectable quantity from the following: HIV nucleic acid detection test(RT-
PCR), branched DNA method(bDNA), nucleic acid sequence based assay(NASBA)
