CNUR 202 UNIT 5 ANTICOAGULANTS, ANTIPLATELETS & THROMBOLYTICS REVIEW |
COMPLETE PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE, MEDICATIONS & EXAM PREP 2026/2027
What is the mechanism of action for anticoagulants? - ANS ✔✔Inhibit the action or formation
of clotting factors
NOTE: no effect on a blood clot that is already formed
What are the indications for anticoagulants? (6) - ANS ✔✔- MI
- Unstable angina
- Atrial fibrillation
- Artificial heart valves
- Conditions with slowed blood flow
- Prolonged periods of immobility
What is the mechanism of action for heparin? - ANS ✔✔Binds to antithrombin III and
inactivates thrombin, factor Xa, factor IXa
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANS ✔✔Protamine sulfate
What is the mechanism of action for LMWHs? - ANS ✔✔Inhibits factor Xa and thrombin
What is tinzaparin dosage based on? - ANS ✔✔weight (kg)
What are the most common side effects of heparins and LMWHs? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Anemia
- Bruising at the injection site
, What are the most common adverse effects of heparins and LMWHs? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Bleeding
- Thrombocytopenia
What is the mechanism of action for warfarin (Coumadin)? - ANS ✔✔Interferes with vitamin K-
dependent clotting factors: II, VII, IX, and X
What are the common adverse effects of warfarin (Coumadin)? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Bleeding
- Calciphylaxis
What is the antidote for warfarin? - ANS ✔✔Vitamin K
What is the major drug interaction with anticoagulants? - ANS ✔✔Use with aspirin/NSAIDs
What is the general mechanism of action for all antiplatelet drugs? - ANS ✔✔Prevent platelet
adhesion
What is a common antiplatelet medication? - ANS ✔✔- Aspirin
What is the main indication for aspirin? - ANS ✔✔Stroke/MI prophylaxis
What are the indications for platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonists? - ANS ✔✔Secondary
prevention of atherothrombotic events (MI, stroke, and vascular death) in patients with
atherosclerosis
What is the indication for dipyridamole/ASA? - ANS ✔✔Prevention of stroke in patients who
have had a previous stroke or TIA
COMPLETE PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE, MEDICATIONS & EXAM PREP 2026/2027
What is the mechanism of action for anticoagulants? - ANS ✔✔Inhibit the action or formation
of clotting factors
NOTE: no effect on a blood clot that is already formed
What are the indications for anticoagulants? (6) - ANS ✔✔- MI
- Unstable angina
- Atrial fibrillation
- Artificial heart valves
- Conditions with slowed blood flow
- Prolonged periods of immobility
What is the mechanism of action for heparin? - ANS ✔✔Binds to antithrombin III and
inactivates thrombin, factor Xa, factor IXa
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANS ✔✔Protamine sulfate
What is the mechanism of action for LMWHs? - ANS ✔✔Inhibits factor Xa and thrombin
What is tinzaparin dosage based on? - ANS ✔✔weight (kg)
What are the most common side effects of heparins and LMWHs? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Anemia
- Bruising at the injection site
, What are the most common adverse effects of heparins and LMWHs? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Bleeding
- Thrombocytopenia
What is the mechanism of action for warfarin (Coumadin)? - ANS ✔✔Interferes with vitamin K-
dependent clotting factors: II, VII, IX, and X
What are the common adverse effects of warfarin (Coumadin)? (2) - ANS ✔✔- Bleeding
- Calciphylaxis
What is the antidote for warfarin? - ANS ✔✔Vitamin K
What is the major drug interaction with anticoagulants? - ANS ✔✔Use with aspirin/NSAIDs
What is the general mechanism of action for all antiplatelet drugs? - ANS ✔✔Prevent platelet
adhesion
What is a common antiplatelet medication? - ANS ✔✔- Aspirin
What is the main indication for aspirin? - ANS ✔✔Stroke/MI prophylaxis
What are the indications for platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonists? - ANS ✔✔Secondary
prevention of atherothrombotic events (MI, stroke, and vascular death) in patients with
atherosclerosis
What is the indication for dipyridamole/ASA? - ANS ✔✔Prevention of stroke in patients who
have had a previous stroke or TIA
