EOSC 114 Practice Questions with Correct
Answers
Standard Units for
Time
Distance
Mass
Density
Order of Mag.
Time - Seconds
Distance - Meters
Mass - Kilogram
Density - kg/m-3
Order of Magnitude - Power of 10. (A order of magnitude is 10x bigger, two orders is 100x
bigger etc)
Stratification + Examples?
Denser items will sink lower than less dense items. This layer is stratification
Atmosphere- Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesophere, Stratosphere, Troposphere
Oceans - Surface, Intermediate Deep OR Sunlit, Twilight, Dark, Abyss, Trenches OR
Epipelagic, Mesopelagic, Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic, Hadapelagic
Earth - Lithosphere (solid crust) , Asthenosphere (plastic rock), Mesophere (solid rock),
Outer Core (liquid metal), Inner core (solid metal)
Disaster Scales
,Earth
Earthquakes - Richter, Modified Mercalli, Moment Magnitude
Volcano - Volcano Explosivity Index
Ocean
Wind and Waves - Beaufort
Hurricanes - Saffir Simpson
Atmosphere
Intensity of precipitation - dBZ (rain rate over an area)
Tornadoes - Enhanced Fujita, Torro
Space
Torino - Meteors
Trend between intensity and frquency?
What is Return Period?
More intense disasters occur less frequently.
Average time between two disasters of the same magnitude
Phases of matter?
Solid - Not fluid, not compressible
Liquid - Fluid, not compressible
Gas- Very fluid, very compressible
Crystal structures? Types? Cleavage?
These have regular lattice structures and have cleavage. These are directions of weakness
along the weakest bonds.
Three Shapes - Cubic, Octahedral, Hexagonal column with pyramid (pencil)
,Properties of Matter
Compressiblity - Whether it can be squeezed or expanded (changes density)
Fluidity - Ability to flow
Viscosity - Resistance to flow or change of shape (Low V = Air)
Strain - Deformation of a object. Elastic = Deforms but springs back. Plastic = Permanently
deforms.
Ductile - Very plastic
Brittle - Not plastic
EQazns for
Force
Gravity
Potential Energy
KE
Sensible Heat
Latent Heat
Power
Pressure
Stress
Force (N) = Mass * Acceleration (kg/m^2)
Gravity = 9.8m/s^2
Work (J) = Force * Distance
Potential Energy = g mass height
KE = ½ * mv^2
Sensible Heat (Heat that can be sensed/felt) = mCΔT
, Latent Heat (Heat that is stored) = LΔm
Power(J/s or Watts) = Work/ Time
Pressure (pascals/Pa)- Force/ Unit of SA perpendicular to surface
Stress (pascals. Stress strains objects)- Force/ Unit of SA parallel to surface
Energy and its types
Originates from nuclear, solar or gravity
Energy can change forms and is always conserved
Can be concentrated in terms of time or area.
DIFFUSE -WEAK OVER AREA
GRADUAL - WEAK OVERTIME
Wave types
Transverse - Particle movement is perpendicular to wave direction
Longitudinal - Particle movement is parallel to wave direction
Frequency
# Waves passing a point in given time
Period
Time between two crests
Waves vs Turbulence
Waves only move energy
Turbulence moves energy and matter
Population
-Carrying capacity?
Answers
Standard Units for
Time
Distance
Mass
Density
Order of Mag.
Time - Seconds
Distance - Meters
Mass - Kilogram
Density - kg/m-3
Order of Magnitude - Power of 10. (A order of magnitude is 10x bigger, two orders is 100x
bigger etc)
Stratification + Examples?
Denser items will sink lower than less dense items. This layer is stratification
Atmosphere- Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesophere, Stratosphere, Troposphere
Oceans - Surface, Intermediate Deep OR Sunlit, Twilight, Dark, Abyss, Trenches OR
Epipelagic, Mesopelagic, Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic, Hadapelagic
Earth - Lithosphere (solid crust) , Asthenosphere (plastic rock), Mesophere (solid rock),
Outer Core (liquid metal), Inner core (solid metal)
Disaster Scales
,Earth
Earthquakes - Richter, Modified Mercalli, Moment Magnitude
Volcano - Volcano Explosivity Index
Ocean
Wind and Waves - Beaufort
Hurricanes - Saffir Simpson
Atmosphere
Intensity of precipitation - dBZ (rain rate over an area)
Tornadoes - Enhanced Fujita, Torro
Space
Torino - Meteors
Trend between intensity and frquency?
What is Return Period?
More intense disasters occur less frequently.
Average time between two disasters of the same magnitude
Phases of matter?
Solid - Not fluid, not compressible
Liquid - Fluid, not compressible
Gas- Very fluid, very compressible
Crystal structures? Types? Cleavage?
These have regular lattice structures and have cleavage. These are directions of weakness
along the weakest bonds.
Three Shapes - Cubic, Octahedral, Hexagonal column with pyramid (pencil)
,Properties of Matter
Compressiblity - Whether it can be squeezed or expanded (changes density)
Fluidity - Ability to flow
Viscosity - Resistance to flow or change of shape (Low V = Air)
Strain - Deformation of a object. Elastic = Deforms but springs back. Plastic = Permanently
deforms.
Ductile - Very plastic
Brittle - Not plastic
EQazns for
Force
Gravity
Potential Energy
KE
Sensible Heat
Latent Heat
Power
Pressure
Stress
Force (N) = Mass * Acceleration (kg/m^2)
Gravity = 9.8m/s^2
Work (J) = Force * Distance
Potential Energy = g mass height
KE = ½ * mv^2
Sensible Heat (Heat that can be sensed/felt) = mCΔT
, Latent Heat (Heat that is stored) = LΔm
Power(J/s or Watts) = Work/ Time
Pressure (pascals/Pa)- Force/ Unit of SA perpendicular to surface
Stress (pascals. Stress strains objects)- Force/ Unit of SA parallel to surface
Energy and its types
Originates from nuclear, solar or gravity
Energy can change forms and is always conserved
Can be concentrated in terms of time or area.
DIFFUSE -WEAK OVER AREA
GRADUAL - WEAK OVERTIME
Wave types
Transverse - Particle movement is perpendicular to wave direction
Longitudinal - Particle movement is parallel to wave direction
Frequency
# Waves passing a point in given time
Period
Time between two crests
Waves vs Turbulence
Waves only move energy
Turbulence moves energy and matter
Population
-Carrying capacity?
