PSYC 101 Exam 3 V1 | PSYC 101 General
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSYC101 Exam 2) | Portage Learning
1. According to Jean Piaget, during which stage of cognitive development do children begin to
understand the concept of conservation?
A. Sensorimotor stage
B. Preoperational stage
C. Formal operational stage
D. Concrete operational stage
Correct Answer: D
The concrete operational stage typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11. During this
period, children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events. They successfully understand that change in form does not mean change
in quantity, which is known as conservation.
2. In Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary conflict faced by
infants during the first year of life?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: C
Trust versus mistrust is the first stage in Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial
development. This stage begins at birth and continues to approximately 18 months of age.
If the care the infant receives is consistent, predictable, and reliable, they will develop a
sense of trust which will carry with them to other relationships.
3. Which of the following is considered a ‘Big Five’ personality trait? (Select All That Apply)
A. Conscientiousness
B. Narcissism
C. Agreeableness
D. Extraversion
E. Self-Esteem
F. Neuroticism
Correct Answer: A, C, D, F
The Five-Factor Model, often called the Big Five, represents the five core dimensions of
personality. These include Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and
Neuroticism, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN. Traits like narcissism or self-
esteem are distinct psychological constructs rather than primary dimensions in this
specific model.
, 4. In Freud’s theory of personality, which component operates based on the ‘pleasure
principle’?
A. The Superego
B. The Ego
C. The Id
D. The Ideal Self
Correct Answer: C
The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality that contains sexual and
aggressive drives. It operates on the pleasure principle, which is the idea that every wishful
impulse should be satisfied immediately, regardless of the consequences. Freud believed
the id is entirely unconscious and present from birth.
5. In the context of social psychology, the ‘Fundamental Attribution Error’ refers to the
tendency to:
A. Overestimate the influence of situational factors on others’ behavior.
B. Assume that everyone else shares our opinions and behaviors.
C. Attribute our own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
D. Underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal
disposition when analyzing another’s behavior.
Correct Answer: D
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSYC101 Exam 2) | Portage Learning
1. According to Jean Piaget, during which stage of cognitive development do children begin to
understand the concept of conservation?
A. Sensorimotor stage
B. Preoperational stage
C. Formal operational stage
D. Concrete operational stage
Correct Answer: D
The concrete operational stage typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11. During this
period, children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events. They successfully understand that change in form does not mean change
in quantity, which is known as conservation.
2. In Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary conflict faced by
infants during the first year of life?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: C
Trust versus mistrust is the first stage in Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial
development. This stage begins at birth and continues to approximately 18 months of age.
If the care the infant receives is consistent, predictable, and reliable, they will develop a
sense of trust which will carry with them to other relationships.
3. Which of the following is considered a ‘Big Five’ personality trait? (Select All That Apply)
A. Conscientiousness
B. Narcissism
C. Agreeableness
D. Extraversion
E. Self-Esteem
F. Neuroticism
Correct Answer: A, C, D, F
The Five-Factor Model, often called the Big Five, represents the five core dimensions of
personality. These include Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and
Neuroticism, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN. Traits like narcissism or self-
esteem are distinct psychological constructs rather than primary dimensions in this
specific model.
, 4. In Freud’s theory of personality, which component operates based on the ‘pleasure
principle’?
A. The Superego
B. The Ego
C. The Id
D. The Ideal Self
Correct Answer: C
The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality that contains sexual and
aggressive drives. It operates on the pleasure principle, which is the idea that every wishful
impulse should be satisfied immediately, regardless of the consequences. Freud believed
the id is entirely unconscious and present from birth.
5. In the context of social psychology, the ‘Fundamental Attribution Error’ refers to the
tendency to:
A. Overestimate the influence of situational factors on others’ behavior.
B. Assume that everyone else shares our opinions and behaviors.
C. Attribute our own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
D. Underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal
disposition when analyzing another’s behavior.
Correct Answer: D
