Ostomy care ATI questions and answers A+ Grade
2026\2027
An ostomy is an opening
- correct answer surgically created in the abdominal wall to allow for the elimination of urine or feces.
Ostomy surgery is performed
- correct answer when a disorder or an injury keeps the urinary or gastrointestinal system from
functioning properly.
Indications for ostomy surgery include:
- correct answer congenital anomalies
bladder, colon, and rectal cancer
inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
inherited disorders such as familial adenomatous polyposis
obstruction of the ureter
stab or gunshot wounds to the abdomen
Depending on the disorder or injury, the ostomy may be temporary, to allow for healing and a return to
normal elimination, or permanent. The three primary types of ostomy surgery are:
- correct answer colostomy
ileostomy
urostomy
The surgically-created opening in the skin of the abdomen is called a
- correct answer stoma. A stoma is the communicating end of the bladder or bowel that is brought to
the surface of the abdomen. The location of the stoma depends upon the location of the patient's
beltline, the location of any scars and skin folds, where the damage is, and the type of ostomy surgery
performed. The stoma should be shiny, wet, and red in color, similar to the mucous membranes of the
,mouth. A stoma can be round, oval, or irregular in shape, and either protruding, flush with the skin, or
retracted.
A colostomy is created from the end of the large intestine to divert waste from the digestive system.
Three different colostomy types can be formed from the gastrointestinal tract:
- correct answer 1. End ( Hartmans pouch)
2. Loop
3. Double barrel
With an end colostomy, t
- correct answer 1. the damaged section of the bowel is removed and the working end is brought
through the abdomen to the skin surface.
2. When a colostomy is intended to be permanent, an end stoma is typically created.
3. A temporary colostomy may be performed to allow bowel rest or healing, such as following tumor
resection.
A common temporary colostomy surgery involves
- correct answer leaving the distal portion of the colon in place, which is oversewn for closure to create
what is known as a Hartmann's pouch. Anastomosis of the severed portions of the colon may be delayed
for several reasons, including bowel inflammation or tumor location.
With a loop colostomy,
- correct answer a loop of the bowel is brought through the abdomen to the skin surface and
temporarily supported by a plastic bridge or rod. A transverse loop colostomy is typically created as an
emergency procedure to relieve an intestinal obstruction or perforation. A communicating wall remains
between the proximal and the distal bowel. It has two openings through the one stoma - the proximal
end drains stool while the distal portion drains mucus. The bridge can be removed in 7 to 10 days.
Transverse loop colostomies are typically temporary.
Loop colostomy
- correct answer
With a double-barrel colostomy,
- correct answer Two separate stomas are created. Both ends of the bowel are brought through the
abdomen to the skin surface as two separate sections. Typically the distal colon is not removed but
, bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma,
or mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
Depending on the area of disease or injury and other physical features of the patient's abdomen, a
colostomy is placed in one of the following four locations:
- correct answer 1. Ascending colon
2. Transvers colon
3. Descending Colon
4. Sigmoid Colon.
Ascending colon (right abdomen).
- correct answer The output is typically liquid to semi-liquid and is very irritating to the surrounding skin.
Transverse colon (mid-abdomen). This location is used for a temporary ostomy, with the stoma
constructed as a loop. Output is liquid to semi-formed.
- correct answer output- liquid to semiformed
Descending colon (left upper abdomen).
- correct answer The output is semi-formed because more water is absorbed while fecal material is in
the ascending and transverse colon.
Sigmoid colon (left lower abdomen). T
- correct answer his is the location for a permanent colostomy, particularly for cancer of the rectum. The
stoma is typically located on the lower left quadrant of the abdomen, and the output is formed.
An ileostomy is a surgical opening created in the ileum to bypass the entire large intestine. A procedure
used to treat colon cancer and ulcerative colitis, total proctocolectomy, involves surgical removal of the
entire colon, rectum, and anus, with closure of the anus, resulting in the need for stool diversion.
- correct answer
As part of the total proctocolectomy procedure,
- correct answer 1. The end of the terminal ileum is brought out through the abdominal wall, forming a
permanent ileostomy.
2. After this type of ileostomy surgery, the patient has no voluntary control of bowel movements.
2026\2027
An ostomy is an opening
- correct answer surgically created in the abdominal wall to allow for the elimination of urine or feces.
Ostomy surgery is performed
- correct answer when a disorder or an injury keeps the urinary or gastrointestinal system from
functioning properly.
Indications for ostomy surgery include:
- correct answer congenital anomalies
bladder, colon, and rectal cancer
inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
inherited disorders such as familial adenomatous polyposis
obstruction of the ureter
stab or gunshot wounds to the abdomen
Depending on the disorder or injury, the ostomy may be temporary, to allow for healing and a return to
normal elimination, or permanent. The three primary types of ostomy surgery are:
- correct answer colostomy
ileostomy
urostomy
The surgically-created opening in the skin of the abdomen is called a
- correct answer stoma. A stoma is the communicating end of the bladder or bowel that is brought to
the surface of the abdomen. The location of the stoma depends upon the location of the patient's
beltline, the location of any scars and skin folds, where the damage is, and the type of ostomy surgery
performed. The stoma should be shiny, wet, and red in color, similar to the mucous membranes of the
,mouth. A stoma can be round, oval, or irregular in shape, and either protruding, flush with the skin, or
retracted.
A colostomy is created from the end of the large intestine to divert waste from the digestive system.
Three different colostomy types can be formed from the gastrointestinal tract:
- correct answer 1. End ( Hartmans pouch)
2. Loop
3. Double barrel
With an end colostomy, t
- correct answer 1. the damaged section of the bowel is removed and the working end is brought
through the abdomen to the skin surface.
2. When a colostomy is intended to be permanent, an end stoma is typically created.
3. A temporary colostomy may be performed to allow bowel rest or healing, such as following tumor
resection.
A common temporary colostomy surgery involves
- correct answer leaving the distal portion of the colon in place, which is oversewn for closure to create
what is known as a Hartmann's pouch. Anastomosis of the severed portions of the colon may be delayed
for several reasons, including bowel inflammation or tumor location.
With a loop colostomy,
- correct answer a loop of the bowel is brought through the abdomen to the skin surface and
temporarily supported by a plastic bridge or rod. A transverse loop colostomy is typically created as an
emergency procedure to relieve an intestinal obstruction or perforation. A communicating wall remains
between the proximal and the distal bowel. It has two openings through the one stoma - the proximal
end drains stool while the distal portion drains mucus. The bridge can be removed in 7 to 10 days.
Transverse loop colostomies are typically temporary.
Loop colostomy
- correct answer
With a double-barrel colostomy,
- correct answer Two separate stomas are created. Both ends of the bowel are brought through the
abdomen to the skin surface as two separate sections. Typically the distal colon is not removed but
, bypassed. The proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the abdominal wall. The distal stoma,
or mucous fistula, expels mucus from the distal colon.
Depending on the area of disease or injury and other physical features of the patient's abdomen, a
colostomy is placed in one of the following four locations:
- correct answer 1. Ascending colon
2. Transvers colon
3. Descending Colon
4. Sigmoid Colon.
Ascending colon (right abdomen).
- correct answer The output is typically liquid to semi-liquid and is very irritating to the surrounding skin.
Transverse colon (mid-abdomen). This location is used for a temporary ostomy, with the stoma
constructed as a loop. Output is liquid to semi-formed.
- correct answer output- liquid to semiformed
Descending colon (left upper abdomen).
- correct answer The output is semi-formed because more water is absorbed while fecal material is in
the ascending and transverse colon.
Sigmoid colon (left lower abdomen). T
- correct answer his is the location for a permanent colostomy, particularly for cancer of the rectum. The
stoma is typically located on the lower left quadrant of the abdomen, and the output is formed.
An ileostomy is a surgical opening created in the ileum to bypass the entire large intestine. A procedure
used to treat colon cancer and ulcerative colitis, total proctocolectomy, involves surgical removal of the
entire colon, rectum, and anus, with closure of the anus, resulting in the need for stool diversion.
- correct answer
As part of the total proctocolectomy procedure,
- correct answer 1. The end of the terminal ileum is brought out through the abdominal wall, forming a
permanent ileostomy.
2. After this type of ileostomy surgery, the patient has no voluntary control of bowel movements.
