BIOCHEM ACS STUDY GUIDE
REVIEW 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ 4 ways of regulation of enzyme activity
Answer: 1. Allosteric - binds at different sites/changes activity
2. Covalent modification - phosphorylation/dephosphorlyation
3. Proteolytic cleavage - activation by cutting
4. Feedback inhibition - gene expression/degeneration, prevents
overproduction
◉ redox reaction
Answer: the movement of electrons from one molecule to another
◉ Oxidation
Answer: loss of electrons
◉ reduction
Answer: gain of electrons
◉ E°cell
Answer: E°cathode - E°anode
◉ 3 stages of calvin cycle
, Answer: carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration
◉ Carbon Fixation (Calvin Cycle)
Answer: what happens:Carbon fixation process in photosynthesis. Forms
sugar and other organic compounds.
substrate:CO2, ATP, NADPH
product:glucose, ADP+, NADP+
Location:stroma
◉ Reduction (Calvin cycle)
Answer: 6ATP invested to make 6 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
6NADH converts them to six G3P
one of these is removed
◉ Regeneration (Calvin Cycle)
Answer: The remaining G3P is used in reactions that use ATP to
regenerate RuBP
◉ Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain
Answer: a series of redox reactions in which electrons are passed from
one compound to another
REVIEW 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ 4 ways of regulation of enzyme activity
Answer: 1. Allosteric - binds at different sites/changes activity
2. Covalent modification - phosphorylation/dephosphorlyation
3. Proteolytic cleavage - activation by cutting
4. Feedback inhibition - gene expression/degeneration, prevents
overproduction
◉ redox reaction
Answer: the movement of electrons from one molecule to another
◉ Oxidation
Answer: loss of electrons
◉ reduction
Answer: gain of electrons
◉ E°cell
Answer: E°cathode - E°anode
◉ 3 stages of calvin cycle
, Answer: carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration
◉ Carbon Fixation (Calvin Cycle)
Answer: what happens:Carbon fixation process in photosynthesis. Forms
sugar and other organic compounds.
substrate:CO2, ATP, NADPH
product:glucose, ADP+, NADP+
Location:stroma
◉ Reduction (Calvin cycle)
Answer: 6ATP invested to make 6 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
6NADH converts them to six G3P
one of these is removed
◉ Regeneration (Calvin Cycle)
Answer: The remaining G3P is used in reactions that use ATP to
regenerate RuBP
◉ Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain
Answer: a series of redox reactions in which electrons are passed from
one compound to another
