PHI 1010 Final Test Study Guide Questions
with Correct Answers
The 6 main branches of philosophy
1. Metaphysics: Studies the ultimate nature of reality.
2. Epistemology: The study of Knowledge.
3. Ethics: Moral philosophy/What is right and wrong.
4. Logic: Studies the nature of truth, validity, and the form of reasoning.
5. Political Philosophy: Studies the best forms of government. Asks questions like: What is
justice?
6. Aesthetics: The study of beauty, art, and taste.
The parts of an argument
Premise: (Justification)
Conclusion: (what you are trying to prove)
Deductive Argument
A deductive argument is an argument in which it is thought (or claimed) that the premises
provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion.
inductive arguments
An inductive argument is an argument in which it is thought that the premises provide
reasons supporting the probable truth of the conclusion
Valid argument
A deductive argument structured in a way that it actually is impossible for the conclusion to
be false, given that the premises are true.
, Invalid argument
A deductive argument for which it is possible to have true premises and a false conclusion.
sound argument
is a deductive argument that is valid and has all true premises
unsound argument
is a deductive argument that is invalid, has one or more false premises, or both
Strong inductive argument:
An inductive argument in which it is improbable that the conclusion be false given that the
premises are true
Weak inductive argument:
An argument in which the conclusion does not follow probably from the premises, even
though it is claimed to.
Cogent argument:
Is an inductive argument that is strong and has all true premises.
Uncogent argument
Is an inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, or any combination of
these.
The three main arguments for the existence of God
1.Ontological
2. Teleological
3.Cosmological
with Correct Answers
The 6 main branches of philosophy
1. Metaphysics: Studies the ultimate nature of reality.
2. Epistemology: The study of Knowledge.
3. Ethics: Moral philosophy/What is right and wrong.
4. Logic: Studies the nature of truth, validity, and the form of reasoning.
5. Political Philosophy: Studies the best forms of government. Asks questions like: What is
justice?
6. Aesthetics: The study of beauty, art, and taste.
The parts of an argument
Premise: (Justification)
Conclusion: (what you are trying to prove)
Deductive Argument
A deductive argument is an argument in which it is thought (or claimed) that the premises
provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion.
inductive arguments
An inductive argument is an argument in which it is thought that the premises provide
reasons supporting the probable truth of the conclusion
Valid argument
A deductive argument structured in a way that it actually is impossible for the conclusion to
be false, given that the premises are true.
, Invalid argument
A deductive argument for which it is possible to have true premises and a false conclusion.
sound argument
is a deductive argument that is valid and has all true premises
unsound argument
is a deductive argument that is invalid, has one or more false premises, or both
Strong inductive argument:
An inductive argument in which it is improbable that the conclusion be false given that the
premises are true
Weak inductive argument:
An argument in which the conclusion does not follow probably from the premises, even
though it is claimed to.
Cogent argument:
Is an inductive argument that is strong and has all true premises.
Uncogent argument
Is an inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, or any combination of
these.
The three main arguments for the existence of God
1.Ontological
2. Teleological
3.Cosmological
