Cell Biology Final
Exam Review
Questions and
Answers Updated
2026
ProteinsBthatBareBfullyBtranslatedBinBtheBcytosolBandBhaveBaBsortingBsignalB'Pro-Pro-
Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val-'BwillBendBupBinB_____.B
a.BtheBcytosol
b.BtheBmitochondria
c.BtheBinteriorBofBtheBnucleus
d.BtheBnuclearBmembraneB-BAnswerBc
SomeoneBhasBdiscoveredBaBnewBdrugBthatBblocksBtheBabilityBofBRanBtoBexchangeBGD
PBforBGTP.BWhatBisBtheBmostBlikelyBeffectBofBthisBdrugBonBnuclearBtransport?
a.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBwouldBbeBunableBtoBbindBcargo
b.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBbeBunableBtoBenterBtheBnucleus
c.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBinteractBirreversiblyBwithBtheBnuclearBporeBfibrils
d.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBwouldBbeBunableBtoBreleaseBtheirBcargoBinBtheBnucle
usB-BAnswerBd
UsingBgeneticBengineeringBtechniques,ByouBhaveBcreatedBaBsetBofBproteinsBthatBconta
inBtwoB(andBonlyBtwo)BconflictingBsignalBsequencesBthatBspecifyBdifferentBcompartme
nts;BSignalsBforBimportBintoBtheBnucleusBandBimportBintoBtheBER.BTheBproteinBwillBe
ndBupBinB_____.B
,a.BtheBcytosol
b.BtheBER
c.BtheBinteriorBofBtheBnucleus
d.BtheBnuclearBmembraneB-BAnswerBb
WhatBdoBcyanide,Bazide,BandBcarbonBmonoxideBallBhaveBinBcommon?B
a.BTheyBallBbondBtoBhemoglobinBirreversibly
b.BTheyBallBareBnitrogenousBcompounds
c.BTheyBallBinhibitBtheBfinalBstepBofBelectronBtransport
d.BTheyBareBallBproductsBofBcombustionBandBcontributeBtoBsmogB-BAnswerBc
WhatBisBtheBmostBlogicalBsequenceBofBstepsBforBprotein-
proteinBinteractionsBmediateBfusionBofBtransportBvesiclesBwithBappropriateBmembrane
s:
I.BRabBproteinsBonBtheBsurfaceBofBeachBtypeBofBvesicleBareBrecognizedBbyBcorrespon
dingBtetheringBproteinsBonBtheBcytosolicBsurfaceBofBtheBtargetBmembrane.B
II.BTheBtetheringBproteinBhasBcapturedBaBvesicleByBgrabbingBholdBofBitsBRabBprotein
III.BTheBSNAREsBcatalyzesBtheBmembraneBfusion
IV.Bv-SNAREBinteractBwithBcomplementaryBSNAREsBonBtheBtargetB(t-SNARE)Bmembrane
V.BDeliverBtheBsolubleBcontents
a.BI,BII,BIV,BIII,BV
b.BII,BIV,BIII,BI,BV
c.BIII,BII,BIV,BI,BV
d.BIV,BIII,BII,BI,BVB-BAnswerBa
,YouBhaveBbeenBgivenBaBcellBlineBthatBdoesBnotBformBmatureBvesicles.BThisBcellBlineB
formsBcoatedBpitsBbutBvesicleBbuddingBandBtheBremovalBofBcoatBproteinsBdon'tBhapp
en.BWhichBofBtheBfollowingBproteinsBmightBbeBlackingBinBthisBcellBline?
a.Bclathrin
b.BRab
c.Badaptin
d.BdynaminB-BAnswerBd
WhichBofBtheBfollowingBstatementsBaboutBvesicleBbuddingBfromBtheBGolgiBisBtrue?B
a.BAdaptinsBpinchesBoffBtheBvesicle
b.BClathrinBmoleculesBareBimportantBforBbindingBtoBandBselectingBcargoesBforBtranspo
rt
c.BOnceBvesicleBbuddingBoccurs,BclathrinBmoleculesBareBreleasedBfromBtheBvesicleB
d.BCathrinBmoleculesBactBatBtheBextracellularBspaceBandBrecognizeBtransportBsignalsB-
BAnswerBc
AktBpromotesBtheBsurvivalBofBmanyBcellsBbyBaffectingBtheBactivityBofBBadBandBBcl2.B
WhichBofBtheBfollowingBstatementsBisBfalse?
a.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BAktBisBphosphorylated
b.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BBadBinhibitsBtheBcell-
deathBinhibitorBproteinBBcl2
c.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BtheBcell-deathBinhibitoryBproteinBBcl2BisBactive
d.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BBadBisBphosphorylatedB-BAnswerBd
NADHBcontainsBaBhigh-
energyBbondBthat,BwhenBcleaved,BdonatesBaBpairBofBelectronsBtoBtheBelectron-
transportBchain.BWhatBareBtheBimmediateBproductsBofBthisBbondBcleavage?
, a.B(NAD+)B+B(OH-)
b.B(NAD+)B+B(H-)
c.B(NAD-)B+B(H+)
d.B(NAD)B+B(H)B-BAnswerBb
TheBlengthBofBtimeBaBGBproteinBwillBsignalBisBdeterminedBbyB_____.
a.BtheBGTPaseBactivityBofBGαB
b.BtheBactivityBofBphosphatasesBthatBturnBGTPBintoBGDP
c.BtheBdegradationBofBtheBGBproteinBafterBGαBseparatesBfromBGβγB
d.BtheBactivityBofBphosphatasesBthatBturnBoffBGBproteinsBbyBdephosphorylatingBGαB-
BAnswerBa
HowBdoesBtheBstructureBofBchloroplastsBdifferBtoBthatBofBmitochondria?
a.BOnlyBmitochondriaBhaveBandBinnerBandBouterBmembrane
b.BOnlyBchloroplastsBhaveBtheirBownBDNABandBribosomesB
c.BOnlyBmitochondriaBdivideBbyBprocessBthatBresemblesBaBbacterialBcellBdivision
d.BOnlyBchloroplastsBhaveBaBthirdBmembrane,BtheBthylakoidBmembraneB-BAnswerBd
InBstageBIBofBphotosynthesis,BaBprotonBgradientBisBgeneratedBandBATPBisBsynthesized.
BWhereBdoBprotonsBbecomeBconcentratedBinBtheBchloroplast?
a.BthylakoidBspace
b.Bstroma
c.BinnerBmembrane
d.BthylakoidBmembraneB-BAnswerBa
Exam Review
Questions and
Answers Updated
2026
ProteinsBthatBareBfullyBtranslatedBinBtheBcytosolBandBhaveBaBsortingBsignalB'Pro-Pro-
Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val-'BwillBendBupBinB_____.B
a.BtheBcytosol
b.BtheBmitochondria
c.BtheBinteriorBofBtheBnucleus
d.BtheBnuclearBmembraneB-BAnswerBc
SomeoneBhasBdiscoveredBaBnewBdrugBthatBblocksBtheBabilityBofBRanBtoBexchangeBGD
PBforBGTP.BWhatBisBtheBmostBlikelyBeffectBofBthisBdrugBonBnuclearBtransport?
a.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBwouldBbeBunableBtoBbindBcargo
b.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBbeBunableBtoBenterBtheBnucleus
c.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBinteractBirreversiblyBwithBtheBnuclearBporeBfibrils
d.BNuclearBtransportBreceptorsBwouldBbeBunableBtoBreleaseBtheirBcargoBinBtheBnucle
usB-BAnswerBd
UsingBgeneticBengineeringBtechniques,ByouBhaveBcreatedBaBsetBofBproteinsBthatBconta
inBtwoB(andBonlyBtwo)BconflictingBsignalBsequencesBthatBspecifyBdifferentBcompartme
nts;BSignalsBforBimportBintoBtheBnucleusBandBimportBintoBtheBER.BTheBproteinBwillBe
ndBupBinB_____.B
,a.BtheBcytosol
b.BtheBER
c.BtheBinteriorBofBtheBnucleus
d.BtheBnuclearBmembraneB-BAnswerBb
WhatBdoBcyanide,Bazide,BandBcarbonBmonoxideBallBhaveBinBcommon?B
a.BTheyBallBbondBtoBhemoglobinBirreversibly
b.BTheyBallBareBnitrogenousBcompounds
c.BTheyBallBinhibitBtheBfinalBstepBofBelectronBtransport
d.BTheyBareBallBproductsBofBcombustionBandBcontributeBtoBsmogB-BAnswerBc
WhatBisBtheBmostBlogicalBsequenceBofBstepsBforBprotein-
proteinBinteractionsBmediateBfusionBofBtransportBvesiclesBwithBappropriateBmembrane
s:
I.BRabBproteinsBonBtheBsurfaceBofBeachBtypeBofBvesicleBareBrecognizedBbyBcorrespon
dingBtetheringBproteinsBonBtheBcytosolicBsurfaceBofBtheBtargetBmembrane.B
II.BTheBtetheringBproteinBhasBcapturedBaBvesicleByBgrabbingBholdBofBitsBRabBprotein
III.BTheBSNAREsBcatalyzesBtheBmembraneBfusion
IV.Bv-SNAREBinteractBwithBcomplementaryBSNAREsBonBtheBtargetB(t-SNARE)Bmembrane
V.BDeliverBtheBsolubleBcontents
a.BI,BII,BIV,BIII,BV
b.BII,BIV,BIII,BI,BV
c.BIII,BII,BIV,BI,BV
d.BIV,BIII,BII,BI,BVB-BAnswerBa
,YouBhaveBbeenBgivenBaBcellBlineBthatBdoesBnotBformBmatureBvesicles.BThisBcellBlineB
formsBcoatedBpitsBbutBvesicleBbuddingBandBtheBremovalBofBcoatBproteinsBdon'tBhapp
en.BWhichBofBtheBfollowingBproteinsBmightBbeBlackingBinBthisBcellBline?
a.Bclathrin
b.BRab
c.Badaptin
d.BdynaminB-BAnswerBd
WhichBofBtheBfollowingBstatementsBaboutBvesicleBbuddingBfromBtheBGolgiBisBtrue?B
a.BAdaptinsBpinchesBoffBtheBvesicle
b.BClathrinBmoleculesBareBimportantBforBbindingBtoBandBselectingBcargoesBforBtranspo
rt
c.BOnceBvesicleBbuddingBoccurs,BclathrinBmoleculesBareBreleasedBfromBtheBvesicleB
d.BCathrinBmoleculesBactBatBtheBextracellularBspaceBandBrecognizeBtransportBsignalsB-
BAnswerBc
AktBpromotesBtheBsurvivalBofBmanyBcellsBbyBaffectingBtheBactivityBofBBadBandBBcl2.B
WhichBofBtheBfollowingBstatementsBisBfalse?
a.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BAktBisBphosphorylated
b.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BBadBinhibitsBtheBcell-
deathBinhibitorBproteinBBcl2
c.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BtheBcell-deathBinhibitoryBproteinBBcl2BisBactive
d.BInBtheBpresenceBofBsurvivalBsignal,BBadBisBphosphorylatedB-BAnswerBd
NADHBcontainsBaBhigh-
energyBbondBthat,BwhenBcleaved,BdonatesBaBpairBofBelectronsBtoBtheBelectron-
transportBchain.BWhatBareBtheBimmediateBproductsBofBthisBbondBcleavage?
, a.B(NAD+)B+B(OH-)
b.B(NAD+)B+B(H-)
c.B(NAD-)B+B(H+)
d.B(NAD)B+B(H)B-BAnswerBb
TheBlengthBofBtimeBaBGBproteinBwillBsignalBisBdeterminedBbyB_____.
a.BtheBGTPaseBactivityBofBGαB
b.BtheBactivityBofBphosphatasesBthatBturnBGTPBintoBGDP
c.BtheBdegradationBofBtheBGBproteinBafterBGαBseparatesBfromBGβγB
d.BtheBactivityBofBphosphatasesBthatBturnBoffBGBproteinsBbyBdephosphorylatingBGαB-
BAnswerBa
HowBdoesBtheBstructureBofBchloroplastsBdifferBtoBthatBofBmitochondria?
a.BOnlyBmitochondriaBhaveBandBinnerBandBouterBmembrane
b.BOnlyBchloroplastsBhaveBtheirBownBDNABandBribosomesB
c.BOnlyBmitochondriaBdivideBbyBprocessBthatBresemblesBaBbacterialBcellBdivision
d.BOnlyBchloroplastsBhaveBaBthirdBmembrane,BtheBthylakoidBmembraneB-BAnswerBd
InBstageBIBofBphotosynthesis,BaBprotonBgradientBisBgeneratedBandBATPBisBsynthesized.
BWhereBdoBprotonsBbecomeBconcentratedBinBtheBchloroplast?
a.BthylakoidBspace
b.Bstroma
c.BinnerBmembrane
d.BthylakoidBmembraneB-BAnswerBa
