GIA COLORED STONES LATEST EXAMS SCRIPT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔color - ✔✔One of the most obvious effects of a trace element in a mineral is _____.
✔✔opaque - ✔✔A material that is structured so that no light can pass through is _____.
✔✔chemical composition - ✔✔All members of a gemological species have essentially
the same _____.
✔✔color - ✔✔A gem's variety is most often based on its _____.
✔✔selective absorption - ✔✔process by which a material absorbs some components of
visible light and returns others
✔✔hue - ✔✔the first impression of an object's basic color
✔✔tone - ✔✔degree of darkness or lightness of a color
✔✔saturation - ✔✔a color's strength or intensity
,✔✔bodycolor - ✔✔a gemstone's basic color, determined by its selective absorption of
light
✔✔color center - ✔✔a small defect in the atomic structure of a material that can absorb
light and give rise to a color
✔✔color zoning - ✔✔areas of different color in a gem, caused by variations in growth
conditions
✔✔pleochroism - ✔✔when a gem shows different bodycolors from different directions
✔✔window - ✔✔an area of weak saturation in a transparent gemstone's bodycolor that
usually results from the way the gem was cut
✔✔extinction - ✔✔dark areas in a faceted transparent colored stone
✔✔color range - ✔✔the selection of colors in which a gemstone occurs
✔✔fine color - ✔✔the color or colors in a gemstone's color range considered by the
trade to be the most desirable
✔✔dispersion - ✔✔the separation of white light into spectral colors
✔✔fluorescence - ✔✔emission of visible light by a material when it's stimulated by
ultraviolet radiation
✔✔trade terms - ✔✔terms often used in the jewelry industry to describe particular
gemstone colors or link gems with specific geographic locations
✔✔play-of-color - ✔✔the flashing rainbow colors in opal
✔✔adularescence - ✔✔the cloudy bluish white light in a moonstone, caused by
scattering of light
✔✔color change - ✔✔a distinct change in gem color under different types of lighting
✔✔chatoyancy - ✔✔bands of light in certain gems, caused by reflection of light from
many parallel needle-like inclusions or hollow tubes
✔✔milk and honey - ✔✔a two-toned effect seen when a chatoyant gem is positioned at
right angles to a light source
✔✔labradorescence - ✔✔a broad flash of color in labradorite feldspar that disappears
when the gem is moved
, ✔✔iridescence - ✔✔a rainbow effect created when light is broken up into spectral hues
by thin layers
✔✔orient - ✔✔iridescence seen in some natural and cultured pearls and mother-of-
pearl
✔✔aventurescence - ✔✔a glittery effect caused by light reflecting from small, flat
inclusions within a gemstone
✔✔the interaction of light, an object, and an observer - ✔✔What does color require or is
born from?
✔✔the way it absorbs and returns light - ✔✔What does a gem's chemical composition
and crystal structure affect?
✔✔its own color range and its own best color within that range - ✔✔What does each
gem species or variety have?
✔✔a customer's preferences - ✔✔When making a sale, what is more important, trade
preferences or a customer's preferences?
✔✔slight variations in hue, tone, and saturation - ✔✔What can make a tremendous
difference in price in some gem varieties?
✔✔a conversational style, word pictures, and accurate trade terms - ✔✔What can help
you sell gemstone color?
✔✔demonstrate the drama of its special effects - ✔✔What is the key to selling a
phenomenal stone?
✔✔hue - ✔✔Each of the colors that make up white light is called a spectral _____.
✔✔pleochroic - ✔✔A gem that shows different bodycolors depending on the viewing
direction is _____.
✔✔imperial - ✔✔The trade term used to describe orangy red topaz is _____.
✔✔phenomenal - ✔✔Gems that display unusual optical effects are classified as _____.
✔✔the type of light - ✔✔Alexandrite shows color change in response to _____.
✔✔asterism (the star phenomenon seen in some gems) - ✔✔Star ruby shows a
phenomenon called _____.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔color - ✔✔One of the most obvious effects of a trace element in a mineral is _____.
✔✔opaque - ✔✔A material that is structured so that no light can pass through is _____.
✔✔chemical composition - ✔✔All members of a gemological species have essentially
the same _____.
✔✔color - ✔✔A gem's variety is most often based on its _____.
✔✔selective absorption - ✔✔process by which a material absorbs some components of
visible light and returns others
✔✔hue - ✔✔the first impression of an object's basic color
✔✔tone - ✔✔degree of darkness or lightness of a color
✔✔saturation - ✔✔a color's strength or intensity
,✔✔bodycolor - ✔✔a gemstone's basic color, determined by its selective absorption of
light
✔✔color center - ✔✔a small defect in the atomic structure of a material that can absorb
light and give rise to a color
✔✔color zoning - ✔✔areas of different color in a gem, caused by variations in growth
conditions
✔✔pleochroism - ✔✔when a gem shows different bodycolors from different directions
✔✔window - ✔✔an area of weak saturation in a transparent gemstone's bodycolor that
usually results from the way the gem was cut
✔✔extinction - ✔✔dark areas in a faceted transparent colored stone
✔✔color range - ✔✔the selection of colors in which a gemstone occurs
✔✔fine color - ✔✔the color or colors in a gemstone's color range considered by the
trade to be the most desirable
✔✔dispersion - ✔✔the separation of white light into spectral colors
✔✔fluorescence - ✔✔emission of visible light by a material when it's stimulated by
ultraviolet radiation
✔✔trade terms - ✔✔terms often used in the jewelry industry to describe particular
gemstone colors or link gems with specific geographic locations
✔✔play-of-color - ✔✔the flashing rainbow colors in opal
✔✔adularescence - ✔✔the cloudy bluish white light in a moonstone, caused by
scattering of light
✔✔color change - ✔✔a distinct change in gem color under different types of lighting
✔✔chatoyancy - ✔✔bands of light in certain gems, caused by reflection of light from
many parallel needle-like inclusions or hollow tubes
✔✔milk and honey - ✔✔a two-toned effect seen when a chatoyant gem is positioned at
right angles to a light source
✔✔labradorescence - ✔✔a broad flash of color in labradorite feldspar that disappears
when the gem is moved
, ✔✔iridescence - ✔✔a rainbow effect created when light is broken up into spectral hues
by thin layers
✔✔orient - ✔✔iridescence seen in some natural and cultured pearls and mother-of-
pearl
✔✔aventurescence - ✔✔a glittery effect caused by light reflecting from small, flat
inclusions within a gemstone
✔✔the interaction of light, an object, and an observer - ✔✔What does color require or is
born from?
✔✔the way it absorbs and returns light - ✔✔What does a gem's chemical composition
and crystal structure affect?
✔✔its own color range and its own best color within that range - ✔✔What does each
gem species or variety have?
✔✔a customer's preferences - ✔✔When making a sale, what is more important, trade
preferences or a customer's preferences?
✔✔slight variations in hue, tone, and saturation - ✔✔What can make a tremendous
difference in price in some gem varieties?
✔✔a conversational style, word pictures, and accurate trade terms - ✔✔What can help
you sell gemstone color?
✔✔demonstrate the drama of its special effects - ✔✔What is the key to selling a
phenomenal stone?
✔✔hue - ✔✔Each of the colors that make up white light is called a spectral _____.
✔✔pleochroic - ✔✔A gem that shows different bodycolors depending on the viewing
direction is _____.
✔✔imperial - ✔✔The trade term used to describe orangy red topaz is _____.
✔✔phenomenal - ✔✔Gems that display unusual optical effects are classified as _____.
✔✔the type of light - ✔✔Alexandrite shows color change in response to _____.
✔✔asterism (the star phenomenon seen in some gems) - ✔✔Star ruby shows a
phenomenon called _____.
