7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
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cross sectional final Meaghan Piretti Study Guide ARRT Radiography P
59 terms 964 terms 175 terms
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Terms in this set (964)
What side of the x-ray tube positive Anode
What side of the x-ray tube is negative Cathode
What is the role of the glass envelope Containment and maintains the vacuum
What is the role of the tube housing Prevents leakage and insulates
What end of the tube has the filament and Cathode
focusing cup
What are the types of anodes Rotating and Stationary
What is the anode made of Tungsten
Why is Tungsten the chosen material for the Has a high atomic number meaning it has a high melting point
anode
Describe the induction motor Stator on the outside and Rotor on the inside
What is a stator Electric motor that turns the rotor at high speed
Rotating magnetic field when energized
What does the rotor do Spins the anode allowing heat to be spread out across a
larger area
What do the bearings of the induction Support and enables rotation
motor do
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,7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
Define Anode heel effect Variation in x-ray intensity between anode and cathode sides
of the tube
What side of the x-ray tube has the more Cathode
intense beam
Why is the beam more intense on the X-rays produced deeper within the anode must pass through
cathode end more material which absorbs some of the beam, the
absorption reduces intensity on the anode side
If the degree of anode angle decreases It increases, a smaller angle means x-rays have to travel
what will happen to the anode heel effect through more anode material to exit
Define the line focus principle Large Actual focal spot that spreads heat while maintaining a
small effective focal spot for better image detail
What is larger, the actual focal spot or Actual
effective
Where is the actual focal spot located On the surface of the anode target
Which focal spot goes towards the pt, Effective
actual or effective
If you decrease anode angle (choose small It also decreases
focal spot) how will that affect the effective
focal spot size
Define off focus radiation Radiation produced outside the actual focal spot which
causes blurred edges or ghost images
Define tube loading The amount of heat energy generated in the x-ray tube during
an exposure, heat units
What is the formula for heat units HU= kVp x mA x time (s) x wave form factor
What is the average wave form factor 1.4
What is the wave form factor for single 1
phase
What is the wave form factor for 3 phase 6 1.35
pulse
What is the wave form factor for 3 phase 12 1.41
pulse
What is the wave form factor for high 1.45
frequency
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,7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
Describe the difference between series and Series: 1 path, if 1 breaks the entire circuit stops like x-mas
parallel circuits lights
Parallel: multiple paths, other branches still work even if one
breaks
Define amperes Aka Amps
a measure of the flow of electric current in a circuit
Define voltage The electrical potential difference between two points in a
circuit
The pressure that pushes electrons through
Define resistance Measured in Ohms
How much a material resists or slows down the movement of
electrons
List the components in the primary circuit Main power switch, Circuit breaker, Autotransformer, kVp
selector, Exposure switch, Timer circuit, and the primary side
of the step up transformer
What is purpose of the circuit breaker Protects against electrical overloads
What is the purpose of the autotransformer Adjusts the incoming voltage and supplies it to the step-up
transformer
What is the purpose of the kVp selector Allows the user to choose the desired kilovoltage
What is the purpose of the step-up It begins the process of increasing voltage to create the
transformer potential difference needed for x-ray production
List the components of the secondary circuit Secondary side of the step-up transformer, mA meter,
rectifiers, x-ray tube
What does the Secondary side of the step- Converts low voltage into high voltage
up transformer do
What is the purpose of the mA meter measures the current flowing between the cathode and
anode during exposure
What is the purpose of the rectifiers To convert AC to DC so the current will flow in only 1 direction
List the components of the filament circuit Step-down transformer, Filament (Cathode), and mA selector
aka Rheostat
What is the purpose of the step down Reduces voltage while increasing current to heat the filament
transformer
What is the purpose of the filament The heated wire that emits electrons when current passes
(cathode) through
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, 7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
What is the purpose of the mA selector or Controls the amount of current flowing to the filament,
rheostat adjusting filament temperature and thus the quantity of
electrons
What is the incoming voltage coming into 220 volts AC
the circuit
What transformer comes first in the circuit Autotransformer
The autotransformer works on what type of Self induction, 1 winding coil
induction
The step-up and step-down transformers Mutual induction, 2 separate coils one for the primary side
work on what type on induction and one for the secondary side
What works on AC in the x-ray circuit Autotransformer, Step up & down transformer, and the
incoming power supply
What works on DC in the x-ray circuit X-ray tube, and rectifiers
When a tech increases the mA on the Filament current, Thermionic emission, Tube current, Quantity
control panel, what factors will also increase of x-rays produced, and Pt dose
Define tube current The flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode within
the x-ray tube, measured in mA, more x-rays produced think
Quantity
Tube current= electron flow = x-ray quantity
How does mA relate to the number of x-rays Directly proportional
produced
How does mA relate to thermionic emission Directly proportional
How is mAs calculated mA x time (s)
What is the reciprocity law The same radiographic density will be produced if the mAs is
the same regardless of the combination of mA and time (s)
used
Define tube potential The voltage difference between the cathode and anode in the
x-ray tube and is measured in kVp
How does kVp relate to the energy of the Directly proportional
electron beam
How does kVp relate to the beam quality Directly proportional
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Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Save Add to calendar
5.0 (1 review)
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
cross sectional final Meaghan Piretti Study Guide ARRT Radiography P
59 terms 964 terms 175 terms
Natasha_Bremer2 Preview RosyG1992 Preview aileen_dao
Terms in this set (964)
What side of the x-ray tube positive Anode
What side of the x-ray tube is negative Cathode
What is the role of the glass envelope Containment and maintains the vacuum
What is the role of the tube housing Prevents leakage and insulates
What end of the tube has the filament and Cathode
focusing cup
What are the types of anodes Rotating and Stationary
What is the anode made of Tungsten
Why is Tungsten the chosen material for the Has a high atomic number meaning it has a high melting point
anode
Describe the induction motor Stator on the outside and Rotor on the inside
What is a stator Electric motor that turns the rotor at high speed
Rotating magnetic field when energized
What does the rotor do Spins the anode allowing heat to be spread out across a
larger area
What do the bearings of the induction Support and enables rotation
motor do
https://quizlet.com/1059613850/meaghan-piretti-study-guide-flash-cards/ 1/73
,7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
Define Anode heel effect Variation in x-ray intensity between anode and cathode sides
of the tube
What side of the x-ray tube has the more Cathode
intense beam
Why is the beam more intense on the X-rays produced deeper within the anode must pass through
cathode end more material which absorbs some of the beam, the
absorption reduces intensity on the anode side
If the degree of anode angle decreases It increases, a smaller angle means x-rays have to travel
what will happen to the anode heel effect through more anode material to exit
Define the line focus principle Large Actual focal spot that spreads heat while maintaining a
small effective focal spot for better image detail
What is larger, the actual focal spot or Actual
effective
Where is the actual focal spot located On the surface of the anode target
Which focal spot goes towards the pt, Effective
actual or effective
If you decrease anode angle (choose small It also decreases
focal spot) how will that affect the effective
focal spot size
Define off focus radiation Radiation produced outside the actual focal spot which
causes blurred edges or ghost images
Define tube loading The amount of heat energy generated in the x-ray tube during
an exposure, heat units
What is the formula for heat units HU= kVp x mA x time (s) x wave form factor
What is the average wave form factor 1.4
What is the wave form factor for single 1
phase
What is the wave form factor for 3 phase 6 1.35
pulse
What is the wave form factor for 3 phase 12 1.41
pulse
What is the wave form factor for high 1.45
frequency
https://quizlet.com/1059613850/meaghan-piretti-study-guide-flash-cards/ 2/73
,7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
Describe the difference between series and Series: 1 path, if 1 breaks the entire circuit stops like x-mas
parallel circuits lights
Parallel: multiple paths, other branches still work even if one
breaks
Define amperes Aka Amps
a measure of the flow of electric current in a circuit
Define voltage The electrical potential difference between two points in a
circuit
The pressure that pushes electrons through
Define resistance Measured in Ohms
How much a material resists or slows down the movement of
electrons
List the components in the primary circuit Main power switch, Circuit breaker, Autotransformer, kVp
selector, Exposure switch, Timer circuit, and the primary side
of the step up transformer
What is purpose of the circuit breaker Protects against electrical overloads
What is the purpose of the autotransformer Adjusts the incoming voltage and supplies it to the step-up
transformer
What is the purpose of the kVp selector Allows the user to choose the desired kilovoltage
What is the purpose of the step-up It begins the process of increasing voltage to create the
transformer potential difference needed for x-ray production
List the components of the secondary circuit Secondary side of the step-up transformer, mA meter,
rectifiers, x-ray tube
What does the Secondary side of the step- Converts low voltage into high voltage
up transformer do
What is the purpose of the mA meter measures the current flowing between the cathode and
anode during exposure
What is the purpose of the rectifiers To convert AC to DC so the current will flow in only 1 direction
List the components of the filament circuit Step-down transformer, Filament (Cathode), and mA selector
aka Rheostat
What is the purpose of the step down Reduces voltage while increasing current to heat the filament
transformer
What is the purpose of the filament The heated wire that emits electrons when current passes
(cathode) through
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, 7/15/26, 9:01 AM Meaghan Piretti Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet
What is the purpose of the mA selector or Controls the amount of current flowing to the filament,
rheostat adjusting filament temperature and thus the quantity of
electrons
What is the incoming voltage coming into 220 volts AC
the circuit
What transformer comes first in the circuit Autotransformer
The autotransformer works on what type of Self induction, 1 winding coil
induction
The step-up and step-down transformers Mutual induction, 2 separate coils one for the primary side
work on what type on induction and one for the secondary side
What works on AC in the x-ray circuit Autotransformer, Step up & down transformer, and the
incoming power supply
What works on DC in the x-ray circuit X-ray tube, and rectifiers
When a tech increases the mA on the Filament current, Thermionic emission, Tube current, Quantity
control panel, what factors will also increase of x-rays produced, and Pt dose
Define tube current The flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode within
the x-ray tube, measured in mA, more x-rays produced think
Quantity
Tube current= electron flow = x-ray quantity
How does mA relate to the number of x-rays Directly proportional
produced
How does mA relate to thermionic emission Directly proportional
How is mAs calculated mA x time (s)
What is the reciprocity law The same radiographic density will be produced if the mAs is
the same regardless of the combination of mA and time (s)
used
Define tube potential The voltage difference between the cathode and anode in the
x-ray tube and is measured in kVp
How does kVp relate to the energy of the Directly proportional
electron beam
How does kVp relate to the beam quality Directly proportional
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