A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC
CERTIFICATION TEST PAPER VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Argument
Answer: A group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are
claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others
(the conclusion) (pg. 1).
●● Statement
Answer: A sentence that is either true or false--in other words, typically
a declarative sentence or a sentence component that could stand as a
declarative sentence (pg. 2).
●● Truth Values
Answer: The attribute by which a statement is either true or false (pg. 2).
●● Premises
Answer: The statements that set forth the reasons or evidence (pg. 2).
●● Conclusion
Answer: The statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply
(pg.2).
, ●● Conclusion Indicators
Answer: Words that provide clues to identifying a conclusion: therefore,
thus, consequently, accordingly, so, hence, we may conclude, we may
infer, implies that... (pg. 3).
●● Premise Indicators
Answer: Words that provide clues to identifying a premise: since, for,
because, given that (pg. 3).
●● Inference
Answer: The reasoning process expressed by an argument (pg. 5). Dr.
Anacker's definition: "movement of reasoning from evidence to
conclusion"; mental concept/event
●● Proposition
Answer: The information content of a statement (pg. 5).
●● Syllogistic Logic
Answer: A kind of logic in which the fundamental elements are terms,
and arguments are evaluated as good or bad depending on how the terms
are arranged in the argument (pg. 5).
●● Modal Logic
CERTIFICATION TEST PAPER VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Argument
Answer: A group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are
claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others
(the conclusion) (pg. 1).
●● Statement
Answer: A sentence that is either true or false--in other words, typically
a declarative sentence or a sentence component that could stand as a
declarative sentence (pg. 2).
●● Truth Values
Answer: The attribute by which a statement is either true or false (pg. 2).
●● Premises
Answer: The statements that set forth the reasons or evidence (pg. 2).
●● Conclusion
Answer: The statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply
(pg.2).
, ●● Conclusion Indicators
Answer: Words that provide clues to identifying a conclusion: therefore,
thus, consequently, accordingly, so, hence, we may conclude, we may
infer, implies that... (pg. 3).
●● Premise Indicators
Answer: Words that provide clues to identifying a premise: since, for,
because, given that (pg. 3).
●● Inference
Answer: The reasoning process expressed by an argument (pg. 5). Dr.
Anacker's definition: "movement of reasoning from evidence to
conclusion"; mental concept/event
●● Proposition
Answer: The information content of a statement (pg. 5).
●● Syllogistic Logic
Answer: A kind of logic in which the fundamental elements are terms,
and arguments are evaluated as good or bad depending on how the terms
are arranged in the argument (pg. 5).
●● Modal Logic
