CMN 122 Exam 1 (Set 2) Study Guide
with Actual Answers.
nonverbal communication - Answer nonverbal communication is defined as all messages
other than words or language, including aspects of the voice, body, movement, facial
expressions, space, time, smell and the environment or refers to communication effected by
means other than words, assuming words are the verbal element.
What are the channels of nonverbal communication? - Answer The nonverbal channels of
communication consists of kinesics, appearance and adornment, vocalics, contact codes and
time and place codes.
What are kinesics? - Answer Kinesics are messages sent by the body. For example, gestures,
posture, facial expressions, leaning in or out, eye contact, body movement, etc.
What is appearance and adornment as communication? - Answer Appearance and
adornment consists of olfaction cues (smell), clothes we wear, perfume, accessories such as
glasses, eye contact, etc.
What are contact codes as communication? - Answer Contact codes include proxemics or
spacial communication and haptics or touch as communication.
What is time and place communication? - Answer time and place communication includes
chronemics or using time as communication
What are vocalics? - Answer vocalics consist of sounds of voice, silence, volume, speech rate
and pitch, etc.
Contact codes include proxemics or spacial communication and haptics or touch as
communication.
Difference between given and given off behaviors - Answer given off behaviors are behaviors
we do with purpose and intention (ex: waving to friend in hallway) while given off behaviors are
NOT done with intent (ex: UNINTENTIONALLY rolling eyes at annoying friend)
What are usages of nonverbal communication behavior? - Answer People tend to use
nonverbal communication (or not) depending on the context or external conditions.
But also, nonverbal communication can be used to repeat, illustrate, substitute and contradict
verbal communication (which has a practical use).
Nonverbal behavior can also be used as feedback, for example, nodding head in conversation to
tell that you're listening.
, What are the four types of information conveyed by nonverbal behavior? - Answer The four
types of information conveyed by nonverbal behavior are idiosyncratic information, informative,
communicative and interactive.
1.) idiosyncratic information's usage and meaning are peculiar to the individual. For example, a
certain person may feel less stressed if they clap their hands really fast, but this trait is purely
unique to that individual
2.) informative information consists of shared encoding and decoding. for example, when a
nervous person is twitching, the twitching makes it obvious that they are nervous.
3.) communicative information is done with a clear and conscious intention ex: waving to
someone is communicating a greeting such as "hello"
4.) interactive information influences or modifies another person's behavior. for example,
putting out hand to shake hands, influences other person to stick out hand to complete hand
shake
What is the coding for nonverbal behavior - Answer Arbitrary behavior has no intrinsic
meaning. Meaning happens by convention or shared meaning. for example, the peace sign has
been collectively accepted as meaning peace. However arbitrary behavior varies from culture to
culture. It is farthest away to the concepts it stands for.
Iconic behavior preserves some aspect of the referent, do not need verbal to be understood. for
example
What are the types of gestures - Answer the types of gestures are emblems, illustrators,
regulators, adaptors and emotional displays
What are emblems? - Answer Emblems function just like words and have a dictionary
definition. They are typically arbitrarily coded. examples include middle finger or "A-ok" sign
What are illustrators? - Answer illustrators add a visual dimension to the speech. For
example, using your hands to illustrate "the caught a fish THIIIIIS big" or pointing at something
What are adaptors? - Answer adaptors are mostly unconscious behaviors that we give off
that are meant to manage emotional arousal. For example, playing with hair to manage stress
or chewing on pen to manage anxiety
What are regulators? - Answer Regulators are the "traffic signals" of communication that help
us know when to speak. Also the "beats and buttons" or communication. Examples include
raising hand in class to speak
with Actual Answers.
nonverbal communication - Answer nonverbal communication is defined as all messages
other than words or language, including aspects of the voice, body, movement, facial
expressions, space, time, smell and the environment or refers to communication effected by
means other than words, assuming words are the verbal element.
What are the channels of nonverbal communication? - Answer The nonverbal channels of
communication consists of kinesics, appearance and adornment, vocalics, contact codes and
time and place codes.
What are kinesics? - Answer Kinesics are messages sent by the body. For example, gestures,
posture, facial expressions, leaning in or out, eye contact, body movement, etc.
What is appearance and adornment as communication? - Answer Appearance and
adornment consists of olfaction cues (smell), clothes we wear, perfume, accessories such as
glasses, eye contact, etc.
What are contact codes as communication? - Answer Contact codes include proxemics or
spacial communication and haptics or touch as communication.
What is time and place communication? - Answer time and place communication includes
chronemics or using time as communication
What are vocalics? - Answer vocalics consist of sounds of voice, silence, volume, speech rate
and pitch, etc.
Contact codes include proxemics or spacial communication and haptics or touch as
communication.
Difference between given and given off behaviors - Answer given off behaviors are behaviors
we do with purpose and intention (ex: waving to friend in hallway) while given off behaviors are
NOT done with intent (ex: UNINTENTIONALLY rolling eyes at annoying friend)
What are usages of nonverbal communication behavior? - Answer People tend to use
nonverbal communication (or not) depending on the context or external conditions.
But also, nonverbal communication can be used to repeat, illustrate, substitute and contradict
verbal communication (which has a practical use).
Nonverbal behavior can also be used as feedback, for example, nodding head in conversation to
tell that you're listening.
, What are the four types of information conveyed by nonverbal behavior? - Answer The four
types of information conveyed by nonverbal behavior are idiosyncratic information, informative,
communicative and interactive.
1.) idiosyncratic information's usage and meaning are peculiar to the individual. For example, a
certain person may feel less stressed if they clap their hands really fast, but this trait is purely
unique to that individual
2.) informative information consists of shared encoding and decoding. for example, when a
nervous person is twitching, the twitching makes it obvious that they are nervous.
3.) communicative information is done with a clear and conscious intention ex: waving to
someone is communicating a greeting such as "hello"
4.) interactive information influences or modifies another person's behavior. for example,
putting out hand to shake hands, influences other person to stick out hand to complete hand
shake
What is the coding for nonverbal behavior - Answer Arbitrary behavior has no intrinsic
meaning. Meaning happens by convention or shared meaning. for example, the peace sign has
been collectively accepted as meaning peace. However arbitrary behavior varies from culture to
culture. It is farthest away to the concepts it stands for.
Iconic behavior preserves some aspect of the referent, do not need verbal to be understood. for
example
What are the types of gestures - Answer the types of gestures are emblems, illustrators,
regulators, adaptors and emotional displays
What are emblems? - Answer Emblems function just like words and have a dictionary
definition. They are typically arbitrarily coded. examples include middle finger or "A-ok" sign
What are illustrators? - Answer illustrators add a visual dimension to the speech. For
example, using your hands to illustrate "the caught a fish THIIIIIS big" or pointing at something
What are adaptors? - Answer adaptors are mostly unconscious behaviors that we give off
that are meant to manage emotional arousal. For example, playing with hair to manage stress
or chewing on pen to manage anxiety
What are regulators? - Answer Regulators are the "traffic signals" of communication that help
us know when to speak. Also the "beats and buttons" or communication. Examples include
raising hand in class to speak
