HNG 540 Pharmacology Exam #1 Questions with correct
answers
Pharmacodynamics - ✔✔what the drug does to the body
drug-receptor interaction and activity
dose response relationship
drug potency and efficacy
Pharmacokinetics - ✔✔what the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution,
metabolism, excretion)
Drug-Receptor Interactions - ✔✔Most drugs work by binding to receptors.
Receptors are located on the cell surface.
The drug molecule must "fit" into the receptor.
Like a lock and key mechanism
Drug-Receptor Binding - ✔✔Drug-receptor binding is reversible.
Other substances can "un-bind" a drug, leaving more free drug to circulate
Drug-receptor binding is selective.
Drug-receptor binding is graded.
The more receptors filled, the greater the pharmacological response.
Drugs that bind to receptors may be agonists (enhances the activity of the cell),
partial agonists, or antagonistic (interferes with activity of the cell)
How Drug Dose Is Determined - ✔✔Dose-response relationship
Therapeutic index
, Plasma level profile
Half life
Bioavailability
drug dose relationship - ✔✔Dose-response curve: depicts the relation between
drug dose and magnitude of effect
Doses below the curve do not produce a pharmacological response.
Doses above the curve do not produce much additional pharmacological
response.
May have unwanted effects → toxicity
Drug bioavailability - ✔✔Percentage of drug that is absorbed and available to
reach the target tissues
By definition, when a medication is administered IV, its bioavailability is 100%.
When a medication is administered via other routes (e.g., PO), its bioavailability
decreases due to incomplete absorption and first-pass metabolism.
first pass metabolism - ✔✔Phenomenon in which the liver metabolizes some of a
drug before it can circulate through the body, particularly when the drug has been
taken orally.
Half-life of a medication - ✔✔the amount of time it takes for half of the drug to
be eliminated. Liver and kidney disease, aging, absence of food, and slowed
metabolic rate prolong half-life because of their effects on metabolism and
excretion.
helps determine how often the medication is to be administered
answers
Pharmacodynamics - ✔✔what the drug does to the body
drug-receptor interaction and activity
dose response relationship
drug potency and efficacy
Pharmacokinetics - ✔✔what the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution,
metabolism, excretion)
Drug-Receptor Interactions - ✔✔Most drugs work by binding to receptors.
Receptors are located on the cell surface.
The drug molecule must "fit" into the receptor.
Like a lock and key mechanism
Drug-Receptor Binding - ✔✔Drug-receptor binding is reversible.
Other substances can "un-bind" a drug, leaving more free drug to circulate
Drug-receptor binding is selective.
Drug-receptor binding is graded.
The more receptors filled, the greater the pharmacological response.
Drugs that bind to receptors may be agonists (enhances the activity of the cell),
partial agonists, or antagonistic (interferes with activity of the cell)
How Drug Dose Is Determined - ✔✔Dose-response relationship
Therapeutic index
, Plasma level profile
Half life
Bioavailability
drug dose relationship - ✔✔Dose-response curve: depicts the relation between
drug dose and magnitude of effect
Doses below the curve do not produce a pharmacological response.
Doses above the curve do not produce much additional pharmacological
response.
May have unwanted effects → toxicity
Drug bioavailability - ✔✔Percentage of drug that is absorbed and available to
reach the target tissues
By definition, when a medication is administered IV, its bioavailability is 100%.
When a medication is administered via other routes (e.g., PO), its bioavailability
decreases due to incomplete absorption and first-pass metabolism.
first pass metabolism - ✔✔Phenomenon in which the liver metabolizes some of a
drug before it can circulate through the body, particularly when the drug has been
taken orally.
Half-life of a medication - ✔✔the amount of time it takes for half of the drug to
be eliminated. Liver and kidney disease, aging, absence of food, and slowed
metabolic rate prolong half-life because of their effects on metabolism and
excretion.
helps determine how often the medication is to be administered
