D665 - Learner Development and the
Science of Learning Section 1
Questions and Answers.
Neuroscience - Answer the study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition - Answer thinking activities such as remembering, understanding, problem-solving,
and decision-making, including how people get, use, and store information in their minds
Neurons - Answer tiny cells in the brain that work together like an extensive communication
network
Neurodevelopment - Answer plays a crucial role in acquiring new knowledge, honing
cognitive skills, and adapting to the challenges of formal education
Brainstem - Answer part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord; oversees important
jobs like keeping the heart beating regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and
controlling automatic actions like sneezing and swallowing
Limbic System - Answer deep in the brain, it is like an emotional control center helping
handle feelings like happiness, fear, and sadness
Cerebellum - Answer located at the back of the head, the "little brain" helps control
voluntary muscle movements, posture, and balance
Cerebrum - Answer the front part of the brain responsible for controlling movement, body
temperature, and thinking skills like speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also
handles sensory tasks like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
Prefrontal Cortex - Answer plays a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and
emotional regulation
Encoding - Answer the initial processing of information, converting sensory input into a form
that the brain can store and use
Storage - Answer involves retaining encoded information over time
Retrieval - Answer the process of accessing stored information when needed
, Feedback - Answer provides information about performance, guiding future actions to refine
learning strategies
Metacognition - Answer the awareness and understanding of one's thinking processes to
monitor and regulate learning
Retrieval Practice - Answer enhances long-term retention by actively recalling information
from memory
Spacing - Answer strategically spacing out study sessions over time leads to more robust
learning outcomes
Interleaving - Answer mixing different topics or skills within a single study session promotes
deeper understanding and transfer of knowledge
Feedback-Driven Metacognition - Answer monitor and regulate learning processes to foster
greater self-awareness and learning autonomy
Desirable Difficulty - Answer introducing challenges or obstacles during learning to cultivate
resilience and enhance overall
Learning Science - Answer investigates how people learn, encompassing psychology,
neuroscience, education, and computer science to understand the cognitive processes,
behaviors, and environments that facilitate learning and knowledge acquisition
Research-Based Practices - Answer arise from solid empirical research or methods shown to
positively affect classroom learning
Evidence-Based Practices - Answer practices informed by evidence from studies conducted in
educational research and learning science
Executive Function - Answer the set of mental skills that help individuals plan, focus their
attention, and remember instructions successfully
Which of the following best describes cognition - Answer the mental processes involved in
acquiring, processing, storing, and using information
Science of Learning Section 1
Questions and Answers.
Neuroscience - Answer the study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition - Answer thinking activities such as remembering, understanding, problem-solving,
and decision-making, including how people get, use, and store information in their minds
Neurons - Answer tiny cells in the brain that work together like an extensive communication
network
Neurodevelopment - Answer plays a crucial role in acquiring new knowledge, honing
cognitive skills, and adapting to the challenges of formal education
Brainstem - Answer part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord; oversees important
jobs like keeping the heart beating regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and
controlling automatic actions like sneezing and swallowing
Limbic System - Answer deep in the brain, it is like an emotional control center helping
handle feelings like happiness, fear, and sadness
Cerebellum - Answer located at the back of the head, the "little brain" helps control
voluntary muscle movements, posture, and balance
Cerebrum - Answer the front part of the brain responsible for controlling movement, body
temperature, and thinking skills like speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also
handles sensory tasks like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
Prefrontal Cortex - Answer plays a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and
emotional regulation
Encoding - Answer the initial processing of information, converting sensory input into a form
that the brain can store and use
Storage - Answer involves retaining encoded information over time
Retrieval - Answer the process of accessing stored information when needed
, Feedback - Answer provides information about performance, guiding future actions to refine
learning strategies
Metacognition - Answer the awareness and understanding of one's thinking processes to
monitor and regulate learning
Retrieval Practice - Answer enhances long-term retention by actively recalling information
from memory
Spacing - Answer strategically spacing out study sessions over time leads to more robust
learning outcomes
Interleaving - Answer mixing different topics or skills within a single study session promotes
deeper understanding and transfer of knowledge
Feedback-Driven Metacognition - Answer monitor and regulate learning processes to foster
greater self-awareness and learning autonomy
Desirable Difficulty - Answer introducing challenges or obstacles during learning to cultivate
resilience and enhance overall
Learning Science - Answer investigates how people learn, encompassing psychology,
neuroscience, education, and computer science to understand the cognitive processes,
behaviors, and environments that facilitate learning and knowledge acquisition
Research-Based Practices - Answer arise from solid empirical research or methods shown to
positively affect classroom learning
Evidence-Based Practices - Answer practices informed by evidence from studies conducted in
educational research and learning science
Executive Function - Answer the set of mental skills that help individuals plan, focus their
attention, and remember instructions successfully
Which of the following best describes cognition - Answer the mental processes involved in
acquiring, processing, storing, and using information
