NC CERTIFIED BEEKEEPER CORE REVIEW
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔1. Provide fresh, clean water; individually feed water via
Boardman(entrance)feeders to each colony - if you have a small enough apiary that this
is feasible.
2. Provide a young queen.
3. Locate hives at sunny sites. 4. Locate hives at sites that offer shelter from piercing
cold winds, yet maintain good ventilation.
5. Maintain adequate stores of pollen, honey, or cured sugar syrup; if stores are short,
bees should be fed a heavy 2:1 / sugar:water syrup. 6. Use medicated syrup (Fumigillin
B) in early fall * be watchful for regulations from the EPA concerning medication of
livestock
7. Use protein supplements
8. Keep only clean combs, sterilize or dispose of those that are soiled with fecal matter.
9. Provide upper hive entrance during winter to improve ventilation
10. Reduce stress on bees such as moving them often for pollination; inspections too
frequently
11. If bees are not feeding on sugar syrup - spray t - ✔✔What are some good
management practices, including apiary sites, to control Nosema and prevent it from
spread?
Name FOUR management practices/techniques/treatments.
✔✔1. Diseased larvae are easily removed from the cells in liquid-filled sacs, which are
actually the larval skins.
2. Larvae are darkened from white to yellow, eventually turning a dark brown
3. Older larvae develop leathery skin and dark head regions
4. Dark (black) headed larvae are bent towards the center of the cell.
5. Larvae fail to pupate and die with heads stretched out (NOT with tongue sticking out)
6. Scales are dry, brittle and EASILY REMOVED - ✔✔In order to help a colony,
beekeepers must first be able to recognize symptoms before a management method
can be decided upon and applied.
,List THREE signs (symptoms, conditions) of SACBROOD.
✔✔1. Strengthen the colony with clean food
2. Strengthen the colony with more bees
3. Re-queening the colony may remedy the situation - ✔✔Because sacbrood is a viral
disease, giving medication is ineffective.
Sometimes bees remove the diseased larvae quickly. But even then, the disease can
spread quickly.
What steps can a beekeeper take to help the colony in its recovery?
✔✔Dust and/or Microencapsulated - ✔✔1. PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE QUESTION
BEFORE BEGINNING TO ANSWER.
When referencing PESTICIDES, the FORMULATION of the product being used should
be a primary interest to beekeepers. Depending on what form the product is in, can
make a large difference to a beekeeper; what preparations need to be taken to protect
the colonies, how much concern etc. Knowledge is power to effect outcome.
By definition FORMULATION (pesticide) is
"The pesticide product as purchased; containing one or more active ingredients, inert
carriers, & other additives; diluted (not necessarily in water) for safety and ease of
application."
The FORUMULATION will determine how the pesticide will applied, in addition to the
size and impact of the product itself.
Since how a pesticide is applied can have a tremendous impact on whether your bees
will be harmed or not, this is something you should be aware of.
The following is a true and realistic list of Common Pesticide Formulations. You truly do
not need to know all of these. However, there are TWO that are well known to be
harmful to bees. These two, you should know.
FROM THE FOLLOWING LIST - WHICH TWO ARE CONSIDERED TO BE THE MOST
HAZARDOUS TO HONEY BEES BASED ON THE FORMULATION?
• Pellets and/or Granules
• Flowables and/or Liquids
• Gels and/or Aerosols
• Dust and/or Microencapsulated
• Solutions and/or Emulsifiable Concentrates
• Soluable Granules and/or Water-dispesrible granules
• Baits and/or ready-to-use
• Concentrates and/or Solutions
• Dry Flowables and/or Ultra Low Volumes
, • Wettable Powders and/or Water Soluable Powders or Packets
✔✔polyethism - ✔✔division of labor within a colony of social insects is called...
✔✔The term "phoretic" is an adjective descriptive of the term "phoresy" which is an
association between two species, where one transports the other. In the case of varroa
and honey bees, the varroa hitch a ride on adult bees. This can only occur for ADULT
FEMALE VARROA mites since the males die within the cells in which they were born;
and within which they bred with their female sisters. - ✔✔Male varroa mites are never
"phoretic".
Why is this?
✔✔Juvenile Hormone is secreted in an insect brain (in the corpora allata). It functions in
conjunction with ecdysone It regulates larval molt to the next stage In adults, it functions
in egg maturing; queen longevity; and especially notable - Worker Behavior Sequence
(duties at different ages of life) - ✔✔Describe Juvenile Hormone (JH)
What is it?
Where does it come from?
How does it effect the colony and individual bees?
✔✔The worker bees detect these diploid drones as young larvae, while still alive. Within
a few hours after the eggs eclose to the larval stage, the workers eat them (cannibalize
them) - ✔✔In rare cases of inbreeding, a drone may develop from a fertilized egg;
having inherited 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent -giving it both a mother
AND a father.
These are referred to as "diploid drones".
What is the reaction to these diploid drones by the workers in the hive?
✔✔It is the mouth-to-mouth exchange of regurgitated food (liquid food) or glandular
secretions. The EXHANGE OF NECTAR. - ✔✔Define the activity of worker bees that is
meant by the word
Trophallaxis.
✔✔eclose - ✔✔______________ is the correct term for the emergence of an adult
insect from a pupal case; or an insect larva from an egg - without rupture or covering
membrane. It is often incorrectly termed "hatching".
✔✔Nest usurpation is a type of social parasitism, in which a small African swarm
invades a European colony and replaces the resident European queen. This results in
the immediate loss of the European matriline. - ✔✔Describe "nest usurpation"
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔1. Provide fresh, clean water; individually feed water via
Boardman(entrance)feeders to each colony - if you have a small enough apiary that this
is feasible.
2. Provide a young queen.
3. Locate hives at sunny sites. 4. Locate hives at sites that offer shelter from piercing
cold winds, yet maintain good ventilation.
5. Maintain adequate stores of pollen, honey, or cured sugar syrup; if stores are short,
bees should be fed a heavy 2:1 / sugar:water syrup. 6. Use medicated syrup (Fumigillin
B) in early fall * be watchful for regulations from the EPA concerning medication of
livestock
7. Use protein supplements
8. Keep only clean combs, sterilize or dispose of those that are soiled with fecal matter.
9. Provide upper hive entrance during winter to improve ventilation
10. Reduce stress on bees such as moving them often for pollination; inspections too
frequently
11. If bees are not feeding on sugar syrup - spray t - ✔✔What are some good
management practices, including apiary sites, to control Nosema and prevent it from
spread?
Name FOUR management practices/techniques/treatments.
✔✔1. Diseased larvae are easily removed from the cells in liquid-filled sacs, which are
actually the larval skins.
2. Larvae are darkened from white to yellow, eventually turning a dark brown
3. Older larvae develop leathery skin and dark head regions
4. Dark (black) headed larvae are bent towards the center of the cell.
5. Larvae fail to pupate and die with heads stretched out (NOT with tongue sticking out)
6. Scales are dry, brittle and EASILY REMOVED - ✔✔In order to help a colony,
beekeepers must first be able to recognize symptoms before a management method
can be decided upon and applied.
,List THREE signs (symptoms, conditions) of SACBROOD.
✔✔1. Strengthen the colony with clean food
2. Strengthen the colony with more bees
3. Re-queening the colony may remedy the situation - ✔✔Because sacbrood is a viral
disease, giving medication is ineffective.
Sometimes bees remove the diseased larvae quickly. But even then, the disease can
spread quickly.
What steps can a beekeeper take to help the colony in its recovery?
✔✔Dust and/or Microencapsulated - ✔✔1. PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE QUESTION
BEFORE BEGINNING TO ANSWER.
When referencing PESTICIDES, the FORMULATION of the product being used should
be a primary interest to beekeepers. Depending on what form the product is in, can
make a large difference to a beekeeper; what preparations need to be taken to protect
the colonies, how much concern etc. Knowledge is power to effect outcome.
By definition FORMULATION (pesticide) is
"The pesticide product as purchased; containing one or more active ingredients, inert
carriers, & other additives; diluted (not necessarily in water) for safety and ease of
application."
The FORUMULATION will determine how the pesticide will applied, in addition to the
size and impact of the product itself.
Since how a pesticide is applied can have a tremendous impact on whether your bees
will be harmed or not, this is something you should be aware of.
The following is a true and realistic list of Common Pesticide Formulations. You truly do
not need to know all of these. However, there are TWO that are well known to be
harmful to bees. These two, you should know.
FROM THE FOLLOWING LIST - WHICH TWO ARE CONSIDERED TO BE THE MOST
HAZARDOUS TO HONEY BEES BASED ON THE FORMULATION?
• Pellets and/or Granules
• Flowables and/or Liquids
• Gels and/or Aerosols
• Dust and/or Microencapsulated
• Solutions and/or Emulsifiable Concentrates
• Soluable Granules and/or Water-dispesrible granules
• Baits and/or ready-to-use
• Concentrates and/or Solutions
• Dry Flowables and/or Ultra Low Volumes
, • Wettable Powders and/or Water Soluable Powders or Packets
✔✔polyethism - ✔✔division of labor within a colony of social insects is called...
✔✔The term "phoretic" is an adjective descriptive of the term "phoresy" which is an
association between two species, where one transports the other. In the case of varroa
and honey bees, the varroa hitch a ride on adult bees. This can only occur for ADULT
FEMALE VARROA mites since the males die within the cells in which they were born;
and within which they bred with their female sisters. - ✔✔Male varroa mites are never
"phoretic".
Why is this?
✔✔Juvenile Hormone is secreted in an insect brain (in the corpora allata). It functions in
conjunction with ecdysone It regulates larval molt to the next stage In adults, it functions
in egg maturing; queen longevity; and especially notable - Worker Behavior Sequence
(duties at different ages of life) - ✔✔Describe Juvenile Hormone (JH)
What is it?
Where does it come from?
How does it effect the colony and individual bees?
✔✔The worker bees detect these diploid drones as young larvae, while still alive. Within
a few hours after the eggs eclose to the larval stage, the workers eat them (cannibalize
them) - ✔✔In rare cases of inbreeding, a drone may develop from a fertilized egg;
having inherited 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent -giving it both a mother
AND a father.
These are referred to as "diploid drones".
What is the reaction to these diploid drones by the workers in the hive?
✔✔It is the mouth-to-mouth exchange of regurgitated food (liquid food) or glandular
secretions. The EXHANGE OF NECTAR. - ✔✔Define the activity of worker bees that is
meant by the word
Trophallaxis.
✔✔eclose - ✔✔______________ is the correct term for the emergence of an adult
insect from a pupal case; or an insect larva from an egg - without rupture or covering
membrane. It is often incorrectly termed "hatching".
✔✔Nest usurpation is a type of social parasitism, in which a small African swarm
invades a European colony and replaces the resident European queen. This results in
the immediate loss of the European matriline. - ✔✔Describe "nest usurpation"
