NR 667 CEA EXAM REVIEW PACK | FULL TEST BANK QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSE CLINICAL JUD… EXAM
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NR 667 CEA Exam Review Pack | Full Test
Bank Questions & Answers | Advanced
Practice Nurse Clinical Judgment,
Pharmacology & Patient Management |
2026/2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
101 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document offers 101 advanced practice nurse exam review questions, complete with their correct
answers and detailed rationales. It covers clinical judgment, pharmacology, and patient management for
advanced practice nursing students. This resource is ideal for comprehensive study, targeted review, and
preparation for certification exams.
CONTENTS
01 Renal and Genitourinary Q1–Q9
02 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Q10–Q26
03 Cardiovascular System Q27–Q37
04 Hematology and Immunology Q38–Q40
05 Dermatology and Infectious Disease Q41–Q55
06 Pulmonary System Q56–Q60
07 Neurological and Musculoskeletal Q61–Q66
08 Gastrointestinal System Q67–Q74
09 Reproductive and Gynecological Health Q75–Q92
10 Hypertension Management Q93–Q96
11 Ophthalmology Q97–Q98
12 Additional Questions Q99–Q101
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 101
Page 1
,Following treatment of a streptococcal infection, an 18-year-old patient presents with hematuria and microscopic identification of RBC casts. Given this presentation,
which subsequent nursing actions are most appropriate to assess for potential complications? (Select all that apply.)
A) Administer a PRN dose of acetaminophen for fever.
B) Initiate a 24-hour urine collection for protein excretion.
C) Obtain a throat culture to reconfirm the absence of streptococci.
D) Monitor intake and output, assessing for changes in urine volume.
E) Schedule follow-up laboratory testing for serum creatinine and BUN.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Initiate a 24-hour urine collection for protein excretion.
D) Monitor intake and output, assessing for changes in urine volume.
E) Schedule follow-up laboratory testing for serum creatinine and BUN.
RATIONALE
The presence of hematuria and RBC casts following a streptococcal infection strongly suggests post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, necessitating monitoring of renal function
through protein excretion, fluid balance, and serum creatinine/BUN levels. Re-testing for streptococci or treating presumed fever are premature and not indicated currently.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 101
A 31-year-old female patient presents with flank pain and a urinalysis positive for bacteria. After 24 hours, urine culture results indicate gram-negative rods.
Considering common etiologies for UTIs in this demographic, which of the following organisms is LEAST likely to be the causative agent?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
C) Proteus mirabilis
D) Enterococcus faecalis
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
CORRECT ANSWER
D) Enterococcus faecalis
RATIONALE
Enterococcus species are typically gram-positive cocci and more commonly associated with complicated UTIs or healthcare-associated infections, whereas the described gram-
negative rods point to more typical community-acquired UTI pathogens like E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 101
When assessing a patient with type 2 diabetes for potential in-organ dysfunction, which diagnostic evaluation is MOST appropriate to include?
A) Liver function tests
B) Serum creatinine and urinalysis
C) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Serum creatinine and urinalysis
RATIONALE
Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication, and monitoring serum creatinine and urinalysis for albuminuria is key to detecting early kidney dysfunction. Other options assess
different organ systems or conditions not directly related to diabetes-specific in-organ dysfunction.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 101
The on-call nurse reviews laboratory results for a 66-year-old female patient with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Current findings include a serum
creatinine of 4.3 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 62 mg/dL, and phosphorus of 5.2 mg/dL. Upon further review of the complete blood count with differential, which
of the following findings would the nurse anticipate in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Page 2
,A) Elevated white blood cell count
B) Increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
C) Hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dL
D) Thrombocytopenia
E) Normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dL
E) Normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
RATIONALE
End-stage renal disease often leads to diminished erythropoietin production, resulting in anemia. a hemoglobin level below the normal range and normal red blood cell indices like
MCHC are anticipated.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 101
A 68-year-old male patient reports symptoms of hesitancy in initiating micturition, a diminished force of the urinary stream, and increased frequency of urination,
particularly at night. Which of the following conditions is the most probable etiology for these reported symptoms?
A) Urethral stricture
B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
C) Overactive bladder syndrome
D) Acute bacterial prostatitis
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
RATIONALE
These lower urinary tract symptoms in an older male are classic indicators of prostatic enlargement, with benign prostatic hyperplasia being the most common cause. Urethral
stricture, overactive bladder, and prostatitis typically present with different or additional symptom complexes.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 101
A 68-year-old male presents to the clinic reporting difficulty initiating urination and a weak stream, symptoms he has experienced for the past 3 months. His prostate-
specific antigen (PSA) level from last year was 2.1 ng/mL. The on-call nurse practitioner is considering pharmacologic management. Which of the following
interventions is MOST appropriate as initial management for symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia? (Select all that apply.)
A) Administer an IM injection of testosterone enanthate.
B) Prescribe a daily dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg.
C) Initiate oral finasteride 5 mg daily.
D) Advise the patient to limit fluid intake after 6 PM.
E) Recommend a digital rectal examination (DRE) for the patient to perform at home.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Prescribe a daily dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg.
D) Advise the patient to limit fluid intake after 6 PM.
RATIONALE
Alpha-1 adrenergic blockers like tamsulosin relax bladder neck muscles to improve urine flow, while lifestyle modifications such as fluid restriction in the evening can reduce
nocturia, both being appropriate initial management for BPH symptoms. Testosterone therapy is contraindicated as it can worsen BPH, and self-performed DREs are not indicated or
effective.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 101
A 68-year-old male presents to the clinic with a 3-month history of nocturia and a persistent dull ache in his lower back. His primary care provider orders a panel of
laboratory tests, including a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level drawn on 05/15/2024. Given these findings and presentation, which of the following laboratory
results, if significantly elevated, would MOST strongly suggest prostate cancer as a likely diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Page 3
, A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 25 mg/dL
B) Serum creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL
C) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 45 ng/mL
D) Hemoglobin A1c of 6.2%
E) Alkaline phosphatase of 150 U/L
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 45 ng/mL
E) Alkaline phosphatase of 150 U/L
RATIONALE
Elevated PSA is a specific biomarker for prostate cancer, and significantly increased alkaline phosphatase can indicate bone metastasis, a common complication of advanced
prostate disease. BUN and creatinine elevations suggest renal dysfunction, not directly prostate cancer, and a normal HbA1c rules out uncontrolled diabetes.
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 101
A patient is experiencing dysuria, increased urinary frequency, and urgency. Laboratory analysis of the urine specimen reveals the presence of nitrites and leukocyte
esterase. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis based on these findings?
A) Pyelonephritis
B) Interstitial cystitis
C) Urethral stricture
D) Urinary tract infection
CORRECT ANSWER
D) Urinary tract infection
RATIONALE
Positive nitrites and leukocyte esterase in a urine specimen are indicative of bacterial presence and inflammation, consistent with a urinary tract infection. The other options
represent different conditions without these specific urinalysis markers.
Q9 QUESTION 9 OF 101
The nurse is reviewing the diagnosis of uncomplicated cystitis for a female patient with no significant medical history. Which of the following oral antibiotic classes
are considered appropriate first-line agents for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Beta-lactams
C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D) Nitrofurantoin
E) Aminoglycosides
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D) Nitrofurantoin
RATIONALE
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and nitrofurantoin are established first-line treatments for uncomplicated cystitis due to their efficacy and safety profiles in otherwise healthy
women, while fluoroquinolones are typically reserved for more complicated cases or specific resistance patterns.
Q10 QUESTION 10 OF 101
A 62-year-old female presents for a routine follow-up, reporting generally good health but with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (diagnosed 15 years ago, HbA1c
averaging 7.8%) and essential hypertension (on lisinopril 20 mg daily). Her current blood pressure is 138/86 mmHg. The nurse practitioner anticipates ordering initial
laboratory investigations to screen for subclinical nephropathy. Which of the following diagnostic studies should be prioritized to detect early renal damage? (Select
all that apply.)
Page 4
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NR 667 CEA Exam Review Pack | Full Test
Bank Questions & Answers | Advanced
Practice Nurse Clinical Judgment,
Pharmacology & Patient Management |
2026/2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
101 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document offers 101 advanced practice nurse exam review questions, complete with their correct
answers and detailed rationales. It covers clinical judgment, pharmacology, and patient management for
advanced practice nursing students. This resource is ideal for comprehensive study, targeted review, and
preparation for certification exams.
CONTENTS
01 Renal and Genitourinary Q1–Q9
02 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Q10–Q26
03 Cardiovascular System Q27–Q37
04 Hematology and Immunology Q38–Q40
05 Dermatology and Infectious Disease Q41–Q55
06 Pulmonary System Q56–Q60
07 Neurological and Musculoskeletal Q61–Q66
08 Gastrointestinal System Q67–Q74
09 Reproductive and Gynecological Health Q75–Q92
10 Hypertension Management Q93–Q96
11 Ophthalmology Q97–Q98
12 Additional Questions Q99–Q101
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 101
Page 1
,Following treatment of a streptococcal infection, an 18-year-old patient presents with hematuria and microscopic identification of RBC casts. Given this presentation,
which subsequent nursing actions are most appropriate to assess for potential complications? (Select all that apply.)
A) Administer a PRN dose of acetaminophen for fever.
B) Initiate a 24-hour urine collection for protein excretion.
C) Obtain a throat culture to reconfirm the absence of streptococci.
D) Monitor intake and output, assessing for changes in urine volume.
E) Schedule follow-up laboratory testing for serum creatinine and BUN.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Initiate a 24-hour urine collection for protein excretion.
D) Monitor intake and output, assessing for changes in urine volume.
E) Schedule follow-up laboratory testing for serum creatinine and BUN.
RATIONALE
The presence of hematuria and RBC casts following a streptococcal infection strongly suggests post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, necessitating monitoring of renal function
through protein excretion, fluid balance, and serum creatinine/BUN levels. Re-testing for streptococci or treating presumed fever are premature and not indicated currently.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 101
A 31-year-old female patient presents with flank pain and a urinalysis positive for bacteria. After 24 hours, urine culture results indicate gram-negative rods.
Considering common etiologies for UTIs in this demographic, which of the following organisms is LEAST likely to be the causative agent?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
C) Proteus mirabilis
D) Enterococcus faecalis
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
CORRECT ANSWER
D) Enterococcus faecalis
RATIONALE
Enterococcus species are typically gram-positive cocci and more commonly associated with complicated UTIs or healthcare-associated infections, whereas the described gram-
negative rods point to more typical community-acquired UTI pathogens like E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 101
When assessing a patient with type 2 diabetes for potential in-organ dysfunction, which diagnostic evaluation is MOST appropriate to include?
A) Liver function tests
B) Serum creatinine and urinalysis
C) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Serum creatinine and urinalysis
RATIONALE
Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication, and monitoring serum creatinine and urinalysis for albuminuria is key to detecting early kidney dysfunction. Other options assess
different organ systems or conditions not directly related to diabetes-specific in-organ dysfunction.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 101
The on-call nurse reviews laboratory results for a 66-year-old female patient with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Current findings include a serum
creatinine of 4.3 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 62 mg/dL, and phosphorus of 5.2 mg/dL. Upon further review of the complete blood count with differential, which
of the following findings would the nurse anticipate in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Page 2
,A) Elevated white blood cell count
B) Increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
C) Hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dL
D) Thrombocytopenia
E) Normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dL
E) Normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
RATIONALE
End-stage renal disease often leads to diminished erythropoietin production, resulting in anemia. a hemoglobin level below the normal range and normal red blood cell indices like
MCHC are anticipated.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 101
A 68-year-old male patient reports symptoms of hesitancy in initiating micturition, a diminished force of the urinary stream, and increased frequency of urination,
particularly at night. Which of the following conditions is the most probable etiology for these reported symptoms?
A) Urethral stricture
B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
C) Overactive bladder syndrome
D) Acute bacterial prostatitis
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
RATIONALE
These lower urinary tract symptoms in an older male are classic indicators of prostatic enlargement, with benign prostatic hyperplasia being the most common cause. Urethral
stricture, overactive bladder, and prostatitis typically present with different or additional symptom complexes.
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 101
A 68-year-old male presents to the clinic reporting difficulty initiating urination and a weak stream, symptoms he has experienced for the past 3 months. His prostate-
specific antigen (PSA) level from last year was 2.1 ng/mL. The on-call nurse practitioner is considering pharmacologic management. Which of the following
interventions is MOST appropriate as initial management for symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia? (Select all that apply.)
A) Administer an IM injection of testosterone enanthate.
B) Prescribe a daily dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg.
C) Initiate oral finasteride 5 mg daily.
D) Advise the patient to limit fluid intake after 6 PM.
E) Recommend a digital rectal examination (DRE) for the patient to perform at home.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Prescribe a daily dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg.
D) Advise the patient to limit fluid intake after 6 PM.
RATIONALE
Alpha-1 adrenergic blockers like tamsulosin relax bladder neck muscles to improve urine flow, while lifestyle modifications such as fluid restriction in the evening can reduce
nocturia, both being appropriate initial management for BPH symptoms. Testosterone therapy is contraindicated as it can worsen BPH, and self-performed DREs are not indicated or
effective.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 101
A 68-year-old male presents to the clinic with a 3-month history of nocturia and a persistent dull ache in his lower back. His primary care provider orders a panel of
laboratory tests, including a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level drawn on 05/15/2024. Given these findings and presentation, which of the following laboratory
results, if significantly elevated, would MOST strongly suggest prostate cancer as a likely diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Page 3
, A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 25 mg/dL
B) Serum creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL
C) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 45 ng/mL
D) Hemoglobin A1c of 6.2%
E) Alkaline phosphatase of 150 U/L
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 45 ng/mL
E) Alkaline phosphatase of 150 U/L
RATIONALE
Elevated PSA is a specific biomarker for prostate cancer, and significantly increased alkaline phosphatase can indicate bone metastasis, a common complication of advanced
prostate disease. BUN and creatinine elevations suggest renal dysfunction, not directly prostate cancer, and a normal HbA1c rules out uncontrolled diabetes.
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 101
A patient is experiencing dysuria, increased urinary frequency, and urgency. Laboratory analysis of the urine specimen reveals the presence of nitrites and leukocyte
esterase. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis based on these findings?
A) Pyelonephritis
B) Interstitial cystitis
C) Urethral stricture
D) Urinary tract infection
CORRECT ANSWER
D) Urinary tract infection
RATIONALE
Positive nitrites and leukocyte esterase in a urine specimen are indicative of bacterial presence and inflammation, consistent with a urinary tract infection. The other options
represent different conditions without these specific urinalysis markers.
Q9 QUESTION 9 OF 101
The nurse is reviewing the diagnosis of uncomplicated cystitis for a female patient with no significant medical history. Which of the following oral antibiotic classes
are considered appropriate first-line agents for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Beta-lactams
C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D) Nitrofurantoin
E) Aminoglycosides
CORRECT ANSWER
C) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D) Nitrofurantoin
RATIONALE
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and nitrofurantoin are established first-line treatments for uncomplicated cystitis due to their efficacy and safety profiles in otherwise healthy
women, while fluoroquinolones are typically reserved for more complicated cases or specific resistance patterns.
Q10 QUESTION 10 OF 101
A 62-year-old female presents for a routine follow-up, reporting generally good health but with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (diagnosed 15 years ago, HbA1c
averaging 7.8%) and essential hypertension (on lisinopril 20 mg daily). Her current blood pressure is 138/86 mmHg. The nurse practitioner anticipates ordering initial
laboratory investigations to screen for subclinical nephropathy. Which of the following diagnostic studies should be prioritized to detect early renal damage? (Select
all that apply.)
Page 4
