Sociology 100 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Deviance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a behavior violating the norms of
| | | | | | | | |
standards of a group, society, or one's peers
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social constructionism of deviance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-each society
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or culture creates rules of behavior by which its members are governed
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
and of necessity controlled
| | |
Anomie Strain - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-developed by ROBERT MERTON,
| | | | | | |
|a theoretical approach to understanding deviance that states that
| | | | | | | | |
society encourages deviance by emphasizing the importance of cultural
| | | | | | | | |
goals, ex. conformity: college student, innovation: drug dealer, ritualism:
| | | | | | | |
|business men, retreatism: hippies, rebellion: Malcom X (are legitimate
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means of reaching goals equally available? no, so some groups will use
| | | | | | | | | | | |
illegitimate means to reach them) | | | |
Conflict Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states when social control mechanisms are
| | | | | | | |
absent, individuals slide into deviance
| | | | |
,Social Bonds Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states that those with stronger bonds are
| | | | | | | | | |
more likely to resist temptation (4 bonds: attachment, commitment,
| | | | | | | | |
involvement, shared belief) | |
Labeling Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states that any act becomes deviant only
| | | | | | | | | |
when labeled deviant by others
| | | |
stratification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the structure of social inequality
| | | | | | | |
in a society (ex. the distribution of wealth, status, and power among
| | | | | | | | | | | |
people occupying different social statuses)
| | | |
How Americans view stratification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | |
Underestimated inequality, inequality has increased in the last 30 years| | | | | | | | |
traditional class system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ascribed social statuses
| | | | | | |
(caste system)
| |
modern class system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-achieved social statuses
| | | | | | | |
(class system) |
, Trends in wealth/income inequality - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-huge
| | | | | | |
inequality in income, but even more in wealth, the rate of growth has
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
changed
Marx - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed that there
| | | | | | | |
were two classes: proletariat and bourgeoisie?
| | | | |
Wright - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed that there
| | | | | | |
were four classes: capitalists, petty bourgeoisie, managers, and
| | | | | | | | |
workers?
Gilbert and Kahl - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed
| | | | | | | |
that there were six classes: capitalist class, upper middle class, middle
| | | | | | | | | | |
class, working class, working poor, and underclass?
| | | | | |
horizontal mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-individuals change roles but
| | | | | | |
experience no change in social standing
| | | | | |
vertical mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-significant increase of
| | | | | | |
decrease in social standing | | |
intergenerational mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-children's mobility | | | | | |
in relation to their parents
| | | |
Correct Answers
Deviance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a behavior violating the norms of
| | | | | | | | |
standards of a group, society, or one's peers
| | | | | | |
social constructionism of deviance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-each society
| | | | | | |
or culture creates rules of behavior by which its members are governed
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
and of necessity controlled
| | |
Anomie Strain - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-developed by ROBERT MERTON,
| | | | | | |
|a theoretical approach to understanding deviance that states that
| | | | | | | | |
society encourages deviance by emphasizing the importance of cultural
| | | | | | | | |
goals, ex. conformity: college student, innovation: drug dealer, ritualism:
| | | | | | | |
|business men, retreatism: hippies, rebellion: Malcom X (are legitimate
| | | | | | | | |
means of reaching goals equally available? no, so some groups will use
| | | | | | | | | | | |
illegitimate means to reach them) | | | |
Conflict Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states when social control mechanisms are
| | | | | | | |
absent, individuals slide into deviance
| | | | |
,Social Bonds Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states that those with stronger bonds are
| | | | | | | | | |
more likely to resist temptation (4 bonds: attachment, commitment,
| | | | | | | | |
involvement, shared belief) | |
Labeling Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-theoretical approach to
| | | | | | |
understanding deviance that states that any act becomes deviant only
| | | | | | | | | |
when labeled deviant by others
| | | |
stratification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the structure of social inequality
| | | | | | | |
in a society (ex. the distribution of wealth, status, and power among
| | | | | | | | | | | |
people occupying different social statuses)
| | | |
How Americans view stratification - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | |
Underestimated inequality, inequality has increased in the last 30 years| | | | | | | | |
traditional class system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ascribed social statuses
| | | | | | |
(caste system)
| |
modern class system - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-achieved social statuses
| | | | | | | |
(class system) |
, Trends in wealth/income inequality - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-huge
| | | | | | |
inequality in income, but even more in wealth, the rate of growth has
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
changed
Marx - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed that there
| | | | | | | |
were two classes: proletariat and bourgeoisie?
| | | | |
Wright - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed that there
| | | | | | |
were four classes: capitalists, petty bourgeoisie, managers, and
| | | | | | | | |
workers?
Gilbert and Kahl - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Which sociologist(s) believed
| | | | | | | |
that there were six classes: capitalist class, upper middle class, middle
| | | | | | | | | | |
class, working class, working poor, and underclass?
| | | | | |
horizontal mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-individuals change roles but
| | | | | | |
experience no change in social standing
| | | | | |
vertical mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-significant increase of
| | | | | | |
decrease in social standing | | |
intergenerational mobility - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-children's mobility | | | | | |
in relation to their parents
| | | |
