Arizona State University Bio 202 Exam 2 Practice Questions Complete With 100% Verified Answers And Rationales

ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY BIO 202 EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES 1. Where do all of the lymph channels ultimately end up? A) The thoracic duct B) The left subclavian vein C) The right lymphatic duct which returns it to the right subclavian vein D) The cisterna chyli Correct Answer: C Rationale: All lymph channels eventually drain into the right lymphatic duct, which returns lymph fluid to the right subclavian vein, where it re-enters the bloodstream. ________________________________________ 2. Which of the following is an example of non-specific immunity? A) Antibodies produced after vaccination B) Memory B cells C) Skin and stomach acid D) T helper cells Correct Answer: C Rationale: Non-specific immunity provides protection regardless of the pathogen. Examples include physical barriers like skin and chemical barriers like stomach acid, which defend against a wide range of pathogens without specificity. ________________________________________ 3. What is specific immunity characterized by? A) Protection against all pathogens equally B) Prior exposure to a pathogen/antigen to produce antibodies C) Immediate response without memory D) Only physical barriers Correct Answer: B Rationale: Specific immunity requires prior exposure (artificially or passively) to a pathogen/antigen, leading to the production of antibodies that specifically target that pathogen. ________________________________________ 4. What is clonal selection? A) The destruction of self-reactive cells B) The selection of B cells that will be cloned into plasma cells and memory cells C) The process of antibody production D) The activation of cytotoxic T cells Correct Answer: B Rationale: Clonal selection refers to the process where specific B cells are selected and cloned to produce plasma cells (which produce antibodies) and memory cells (which provide long-term immunity). ________________________________________ 5. What is the function of memory cells? A) To produce antibodies immediately B) To destroy pathogens directly C) To save the formula for an antibody so the next encounter with the pathogen will already have antibodies to kill it D) To activate T helper cells Correct Answer: C Rationale: Memory cells "remember" the specific antibody formula for a pathogen. Upon subsequent exposure, they rapidly produce antibodies, providing a faster and more effective immune response. ________________________________________ 6. What is clonal deletion? A) The process of cloning B cells B) The destruction of T and B cells that react to self antigens C) The activation of plasma cells D) The production of memory cells Correct Answer: B Rationale: Clonal deletion is the process by which T suppressor cells destroy T and B cells that react to self antigens, preventing autoimmune responses. ________________________________________ 7. What is the correct lineage of antibody and memory cell production? A) Memory cells plasma cells antibodies cells B) Cells plasma cells antibodies memory cells C) Antibodies cells plasma cells memory cells D) Plasma cells cells memory cells antibodies Correct Answer: B Rationale: The lineage follows: cells (B cells) differentiate into plasma cells, which produce antibodies, and some become memory cells for future immune responses. ________________________________________ 8. What is active immunity? A) Receiving antibodies from another source B) Producing antibodies to protect yourself C) Immunity acquired during fetal development D) Immunity from breast milk Correct Answer: B Rationale: Active immunity occurs when your own immune system produces antibodies in response to an antigen, providing protection that you generate yourself. ________________________________________ 9. What is passive immunity? A) Producing your own antibodies B) Receiving antibodies that were produced somewhere else C) Immunity from vaccination D) Immunity from infection Correct Answer: B Rationale: Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies that were produced by another source (such as through breast milk or antibody injections), rather than producing them yourself.