WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS NEWEST VERSION
Describe the function of osteocytes within lacunae of bone - Answer Osteocytes
maintain bone mass through anabolic activities; they promote bone repair through
recruitment of osteoclast mediated turnover
Describe bone remodeling. Which cells are involved in this process and what is
their function? - Answer osteoclasts destroy old, degenerative cells to make
room for new ones. osteoblasts build new bone cells. osteocytes facilitate this
process and help retain calcium for bone strength and health.
Describe the process of articular degeneration. Which cells are involved in this
process and what is their function? - Answer articular degeneration is also
known as osteoarthritis. macrophages are the primary cell involved, and they
induce inflammation.
How does denosumab treat osteoporosis? - Answer Denosumab is an antibody
that slows down the natural rate your bones are broken down. It works by blocking
a protein and suppressing the cells that break down bone.
How does compartment syndrome develop? Which part of our body tends to
develop compartment syndrome? How do patients typically recognize they may
need to seek medical assistance for rhabdomyolysis? What is the most sensitive
laboratory test for rhabdomyolosis? - Answer Compartment syndrome occurs
when blood flow is restricted to area for an extended period of time. It usually
,develops in extremities. Patients recognize rhabdo by new muscle pain and
decreased urinary output, and is detected by creatine kinase in the blood.
What is a pulmonary embolism? What is a fat embolism? When might a patient
develop a pulmonary embolism? When might a patient develop a fat embolism?
How are they treated? - Answer Pulmonary embolism is when a blood clot is
lodge in a pulmonary artery, usually caused by a traveling clot getting lodged. A fat
embolism is when a clot of fat cells disrupts blood flow, usually after a bone
fracture. PEs are treated with anticoagulants to thin the blood, while there is no
specific treatment for FEs.
Describe Albinism. What portions of the body are negatively affected by Albinism?
- Answer It is an alteration in a gene that has decreased pigment to skin, hair,
and eyes.
Describe how retinal detachment leads to vision loss. - Answer The areas where
the retina detaches lose their blood supply and stop working, causing you to lose
vision.
Name two biomarkers that can be used to confirm a myocardial infarction occurred
and what types of molecules are they? - Answer troponin, creatine kinase
What is lymph - Answer fluid that flows in lymphatic system to return fluid
from tissues into circulation
What are lymph nodes? - Answer Filter interstitial fluid. Swollen glands mean
you are fighting an infection
, What are Peyer's patches? - Answer the numerous areas of lymphoid tissue in
the wall of the small intestine that are involved in the development of immunity to
antigens present there.
What is the difference between Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Non Hodgkin's
Lymphoma? - Answer If the Reed-Sternberg cell is not present, the lymphoma
is classified as non-Hodgkin's.
Emphysema (COPD) - Answer Overdistention of alveoli resulting in the ability
to remove CO2 is called
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - Answer disease with enlarged
lung spaces, usually from smoking can cause shortness of breath
What are the three types of jaundice that may present as a result of liver
dysfunction? Describe the cause of each. - Answer pre-hepatic: excessive
breakdown of RBCs. hepatic: loss of ability of liver to regular billirubin. post-
hepatic: due to blockage or obstruction
Describe the function(s) of the following parts of a nephron: glomerulus,
Bowman's capsule, juxtaglomerular apparatus, proximal tubule, Loop of Henle,
distal tubule, and collecting duct. - Answer glomerulus filters blood. Bowman's
capsule filters blood from glomerulus capillaries. juxtaglomerular apparatus helps
maintain proper flow and blood pressure. proximal tubule reabsorbs filtrate. Loop
of Henle reabsorbs salt and water from urine. distal convoluted tubule and
collecting duct both reabsorb ions and water and promote homeostasis.
WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS NEWEST VERSION
Describe the function of osteocytes within lacunae of bone - Answer Osteocytes
maintain bone mass through anabolic activities; they promote bone repair through
recruitment of osteoclast mediated turnover
Describe bone remodeling. Which cells are involved in this process and what is
their function? - Answer osteoclasts destroy old, degenerative cells to make
room for new ones. osteoblasts build new bone cells. osteocytes facilitate this
process and help retain calcium for bone strength and health.
Describe the process of articular degeneration. Which cells are involved in this
process and what is their function? - Answer articular degeneration is also
known as osteoarthritis. macrophages are the primary cell involved, and they
induce inflammation.
How does denosumab treat osteoporosis? - Answer Denosumab is an antibody
that slows down the natural rate your bones are broken down. It works by blocking
a protein and suppressing the cells that break down bone.
How does compartment syndrome develop? Which part of our body tends to
develop compartment syndrome? How do patients typically recognize they may
need to seek medical assistance for rhabdomyolysis? What is the most sensitive
laboratory test for rhabdomyolosis? - Answer Compartment syndrome occurs
when blood flow is restricted to area for an extended period of time. It usually
,develops in extremities. Patients recognize rhabdo by new muscle pain and
decreased urinary output, and is detected by creatine kinase in the blood.
What is a pulmonary embolism? What is a fat embolism? When might a patient
develop a pulmonary embolism? When might a patient develop a fat embolism?
How are they treated? - Answer Pulmonary embolism is when a blood clot is
lodge in a pulmonary artery, usually caused by a traveling clot getting lodged. A fat
embolism is when a clot of fat cells disrupts blood flow, usually after a bone
fracture. PEs are treated with anticoagulants to thin the blood, while there is no
specific treatment for FEs.
Describe Albinism. What portions of the body are negatively affected by Albinism?
- Answer It is an alteration in a gene that has decreased pigment to skin, hair,
and eyes.
Describe how retinal detachment leads to vision loss. - Answer The areas where
the retina detaches lose their blood supply and stop working, causing you to lose
vision.
Name two biomarkers that can be used to confirm a myocardial infarction occurred
and what types of molecules are they? - Answer troponin, creatine kinase
What is lymph - Answer fluid that flows in lymphatic system to return fluid
from tissues into circulation
What are lymph nodes? - Answer Filter interstitial fluid. Swollen glands mean
you are fighting an infection
, What are Peyer's patches? - Answer the numerous areas of lymphoid tissue in
the wall of the small intestine that are involved in the development of immunity to
antigens present there.
What is the difference between Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Non Hodgkin's
Lymphoma? - Answer If the Reed-Sternberg cell is not present, the lymphoma
is classified as non-Hodgkin's.
Emphysema (COPD) - Answer Overdistention of alveoli resulting in the ability
to remove CO2 is called
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - Answer disease with enlarged
lung spaces, usually from smoking can cause shortness of breath
What are the three types of jaundice that may present as a result of liver
dysfunction? Describe the cause of each. - Answer pre-hepatic: excessive
breakdown of RBCs. hepatic: loss of ability of liver to regular billirubin. post-
hepatic: due to blockage or obstruction
Describe the function(s) of the following parts of a nephron: glomerulus,
Bowman's capsule, juxtaglomerular apparatus, proximal tubule, Loop of Henle,
distal tubule, and collecting duct. - Answer glomerulus filters blood. Bowman's
capsule filters blood from glomerulus capillaries. juxtaglomerular apparatus helps
maintain proper flow and blood pressure. proximal tubule reabsorbs filtrate. Loop
of Henle reabsorbs salt and water from urine. distal convoluted tubule and
collecting duct both reabsorb ions and water and promote homeostasis.
