NURS 251 Module 7 Exam V1 | NURS 251
Module 7 Exam – Pharmacology | Portage |
Q&A with Rationale (Portage NURS 251
Module 7 Exam)
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol for the management of asthma. Which statement by the
patient indicates a correct understanding of this medication?
A. I will take this medication every morning to prevent an attack.
B. I need to rinse my mouth after use to prevent a fungal infection.
C. This drug will decrease the inflammation in my airways over time.
D. I should use this inhaler when I feel short of breath or wheezing.
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used primarily as a rescue
medication for acute bronchospasm. It works by rapidly relaxing the smooth muscle of the
bronchioles during an exacerbation. It does not treat the underlying inflammation
associated with chronic asthma management.
2. When administering Ipratropium bromide, the nurse understands that its mechanism of
action involves:
A. Stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors.
B. Suppressing the cough reflex in the medulla.
,C. Inhibiting the release of histamine from mast cells.
D. Blocking muscarinic receptors in the bronchi.
Answer: D
Rationale: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic medication that blocks cholinergic receptors,
leading to bronchodilation. By inhibiting the action of acetylcholine, it prevents
bronchoconstriction and reduces secretions. This drug is often used for patients with COPD
or as an adjunct in asthma treatment.
3. A patient using a Beclomethasone inhaler is advised to rinse their mouth after each use.
What is the primary rationale for this instruction?
A. To prevent systemic absorption of the steroid.
B. To prevent the development of dental caries.
C. To improve the taste of the medication.
D. To reduce the risk of developing oral candidiasis.
Answer: D
Rationale: Inhaled glucocorticoids like Beclomethasone can deposit in the oropharynx,
leading to local immunosuppression. This environment predisposes the patient to ‘thrush’
or oral candidiasis, a common fungal infection. Rinsing and spitting after administration
effectively removes residual drug particles from the oral mucosa.
, 4. Which lab value would be most concerning for a patient currently taking Theophylline?
A. Serum theophylline level of 25 mcg/mL.
B. Serum theophylline level of 12 mcg/mL.
C. White blood cell count of 8,000/mm3.
D. Serum potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L.
Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic range for theophylline is narrow, typically between 10 and 20
mcg/mL. A level of 25 mcg/mL indicates toxicity, which can manifest as severe cardiac
dysrhythmias and seizures. The nurse must monitor levels closely because individual
metabolism varies significantly.
5. What is the primary therapeutic effect of Montelukast in a patient with chronic asthma?
A. Immediate bronchodilation during an asthma attack.
B. Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm when taken 15 minutes prior.
C. Lysis of thick mucus plugs in the lower respiratory tract.
D. Reduction of airway inflammation by blocking leukotriene receptors.
Answer: D
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the long-term
prophylaxis and treatment of asthma. By blocking leukotrienes, it reduces inflammation,
Module 7 Exam – Pharmacology | Portage |
Q&A with Rationale (Portage NURS 251
Module 7 Exam)
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol for the management of asthma. Which statement by the
patient indicates a correct understanding of this medication?
A. I will take this medication every morning to prevent an attack.
B. I need to rinse my mouth after use to prevent a fungal infection.
C. This drug will decrease the inflammation in my airways over time.
D. I should use this inhaler when I feel short of breath or wheezing.
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used primarily as a rescue
medication for acute bronchospasm. It works by rapidly relaxing the smooth muscle of the
bronchioles during an exacerbation. It does not treat the underlying inflammation
associated with chronic asthma management.
2. When administering Ipratropium bromide, the nurse understands that its mechanism of
action involves:
A. Stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors.
B. Suppressing the cough reflex in the medulla.
,C. Inhibiting the release of histamine from mast cells.
D. Blocking muscarinic receptors in the bronchi.
Answer: D
Rationale: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic medication that blocks cholinergic receptors,
leading to bronchodilation. By inhibiting the action of acetylcholine, it prevents
bronchoconstriction and reduces secretions. This drug is often used for patients with COPD
or as an adjunct in asthma treatment.
3. A patient using a Beclomethasone inhaler is advised to rinse their mouth after each use.
What is the primary rationale for this instruction?
A. To prevent systemic absorption of the steroid.
B. To prevent the development of dental caries.
C. To improve the taste of the medication.
D. To reduce the risk of developing oral candidiasis.
Answer: D
Rationale: Inhaled glucocorticoids like Beclomethasone can deposit in the oropharynx,
leading to local immunosuppression. This environment predisposes the patient to ‘thrush’
or oral candidiasis, a common fungal infection. Rinsing and spitting after administration
effectively removes residual drug particles from the oral mucosa.
, 4. Which lab value would be most concerning for a patient currently taking Theophylline?
A. Serum theophylline level of 25 mcg/mL.
B. Serum theophylline level of 12 mcg/mL.
C. White blood cell count of 8,000/mm3.
D. Serum potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L.
Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic range for theophylline is narrow, typically between 10 and 20
mcg/mL. A level of 25 mcg/mL indicates toxicity, which can manifest as severe cardiac
dysrhythmias and seizures. The nurse must monitor levels closely because individual
metabolism varies significantly.
5. What is the primary therapeutic effect of Montelukast in a patient with chronic asthma?
A. Immediate bronchodilation during an asthma attack.
B. Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm when taken 15 minutes prior.
C. Lysis of thick mucus plugs in the lower respiratory tract.
D. Reduction of airway inflammation by blocking leukotriene receptors.
Answer: D
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the long-term
prophylaxis and treatment of asthma. By blocking leukotrienes, it reduces inflammation,
