PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT FINAL
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
◍ Managers are the people responsible for supervising the use of an
organization's resources to ________? Ans: Meet it's goals
◍ Organizations must provide a ____ or ____ desired by it's customer..
Ans: good or service
◍ Example: Managers of Campbell's soup manage the firm to provide
quality soup products.. Ans: Achieving High Performance
◍ Organizational Performance. Ans: Measures how efficiently and
effectively managers use resources to satisfy customers and achieve
goals.
◍ Efficiency. Ans: A measure of how well resources are used to achieve
a goal.
◍ Example: Usually, managers must try to minimize the input of
resources to attain the same goal.. Ans: Efficiency
,◍ Effectiveness. Ans: A measure of the appropriateness of the goals
chosen (are these the right goals?), and the degree to which they are
achieved.
◍ Example: Organizations are more effective when managers choose
the correct goals and then achieve them.. Ans: Effectiveness
◍ Managerial Functions. Ans: Henry Fayol was the first to describe 4
managerial functions when the was the CEO of a large mining company
in the late 1800's.
◍ Fayol noted managers at all levels, operating in both for-profit and
non-profit organizations, must perform each of these (4) functions: Ans:
1. planning (choose goals)
2. organizing (working together)
3. leading (give direction)
4. controlling (monitor and measure)
◍ Planning. Ans: The process used by managers to identify and select
appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization.
◍ (3) steps to good planning: Ans: 1. which goals should be pursued?
2. how should the goal be attained?
, 3. how should resources be allocated?
◍ The planning function determines how ____ and ____ the
organization is an determines the strategy of the organization.. Ans:
effective and efficient
◍ Organizing. Ans: Managers create the structure of working
relationships between organizational members.
◍ To organize, they group people into departments according to their
tasks performed.. Ans: Managers will also layout lines of authority and
responsibility for members. (ex. job titles)
◍ Organizational Structure. Ans: is the outcome of organizing. This
structure coordinated and motivated employees so that they work
together to achieve goals.
◍ Leading. Ans: Determine decision, state a clear vision for employees
to follow and help employees understand the role they play in attaining
goals.
◍ Leading involves using power, influence, vision, persuasion, and
communication skills.. Ans: The outcome of good leading is a high level
of motivation and commitment from employees to the organization.
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
◍ Managers are the people responsible for supervising the use of an
organization's resources to ________? Ans: Meet it's goals
◍ Organizations must provide a ____ or ____ desired by it's customer..
Ans: good or service
◍ Example: Managers of Campbell's soup manage the firm to provide
quality soup products.. Ans: Achieving High Performance
◍ Organizational Performance. Ans: Measures how efficiently and
effectively managers use resources to satisfy customers and achieve
goals.
◍ Efficiency. Ans: A measure of how well resources are used to achieve
a goal.
◍ Example: Usually, managers must try to minimize the input of
resources to attain the same goal.. Ans: Efficiency
,◍ Effectiveness. Ans: A measure of the appropriateness of the goals
chosen (are these the right goals?), and the degree to which they are
achieved.
◍ Example: Organizations are more effective when managers choose
the correct goals and then achieve them.. Ans: Effectiveness
◍ Managerial Functions. Ans: Henry Fayol was the first to describe 4
managerial functions when the was the CEO of a large mining company
in the late 1800's.
◍ Fayol noted managers at all levels, operating in both for-profit and
non-profit organizations, must perform each of these (4) functions: Ans:
1. planning (choose goals)
2. organizing (working together)
3. leading (give direction)
4. controlling (monitor and measure)
◍ Planning. Ans: The process used by managers to identify and select
appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization.
◍ (3) steps to good planning: Ans: 1. which goals should be pursued?
2. how should the goal be attained?
, 3. how should resources be allocated?
◍ The planning function determines how ____ and ____ the
organization is an determines the strategy of the organization.. Ans:
effective and efficient
◍ Organizing. Ans: Managers create the structure of working
relationships between organizational members.
◍ To organize, they group people into departments according to their
tasks performed.. Ans: Managers will also layout lines of authority and
responsibility for members. (ex. job titles)
◍ Organizational Structure. Ans: is the outcome of organizing. This
structure coordinated and motivated employees so that they work
together to achieve goals.
◍ Leading. Ans: Determine decision, state a clear vision for employees
to follow and help employees understand the role they play in attaining
goals.
◍ Leading involves using power, influence, vision, persuasion, and
communication skills.. Ans: The outcome of good leading is a high level
of motivation and commitment from employees to the organization.
