Math Reviewer – ABM 12 Saba: 2.3 x 6 =13.8
1st Semester Total: 537.5 + 26.25 + 13.8 = 577.55
Change: 700 (given) - 577.55 =
Lesson 1: Fractions P122.45
Fractions - represents a part of a
whole Lesson 3: Ratio & Rate
Simplify: Ratio- Comparison of two quantities
by division.
Word Problem: The ratio can be written in two different
ways :
Odds notation - a:b ( “:” read as “is to”)
Fractional notation : a/b
Rate- Ratio that compares quantities
of different units. A unit rate is a rate
that has a denominator of 1; that is, a
rate for one unit of a given quantity.
Word Problem
In a class of 40 students, the ratio of
passing grades to failing grades in 5:3.
How many failed the course?
5:3 = PASS:FAIL
5 + 3 = 8 (Totality of all student who
Lesson 2: Decimals & Percent passed and failed)
decimal - a representation of a 40(Total number of students) / 8 = 5
fraction whose denominator is a
5 (5): 3 (5)
multiple of 10
5 x 5= 25 Passed
Word Problem 5 x 3 = 15 Failed
25 (Passed): 15 (Failed) = 40 students
Maria was asked to go to the market to
Therefore, 15 students failed the
buy 2 ½ kilos of pork, ¼ kilo of garlic,
and 6 pieces of saba. One kilo of pork course.
costs PHP215, 1 kilo of garlic costs
PHP105, and one piece of saba costs 3 bags contain chocolates in a ratio of
PHP2.30. If Maria is given PHP700, 5:2:7. If the total number of chocolates
will she be able to buy everything she from the bags containing the least and
was asked to buy? If yes, how much the most number of chocolates is 252,
change is left (If there is any)? how many chocolates are there in all?
Sol.
Answer: Yes. 2 (the least) +7(the most) = 9
Pork: 2 ½ x 215 = P537.5 = 28
Garlic: ¼ x 105 = 26.25 5(28) + 252
, = 392 If a product with a selling price of
Therefore, there are 392 chocolates all ₱62.50 has a 25% markup on cost,
in all. how much is the cost for the product?
If the MU is 25% of the SP, therefore
Lesson 4: Buying & Selling the C is 75% of the SP.
Cost Price – the price that a company C=(.75)(₱62.50)
has to pay for the goods it is going to C= ₱62.50
sell; price for production (puhunan –
Legend: C) A computer store used a markup rate
Operating Cost – the price incurred of 40%. Find the selling price of a
relatively to the production and sale of
computer game that cost the retailer
a commodity (also known as other
expense eg. Transportation – Legend: $25.
Expense) Solution:
Selling price – the price at which the Selling price (S.P) = (100+MU)% x
commodity is sold per unit. (Legend: Cost Price (C.P)
SP) M = 40, C.P = $25
Profit – money earned after the cost Then, S.P = (100 + 40)% x 25
price and the operating cost are S.P = 140% x 25
accounted for after the sale of a S.P = 1.4 x 25 = $35
commodity. (kinita – Legend: P) Selling Price = $35
Mark-up – the differences between the
selling price and the cost price Lesson 5: Mark-on
sometimes called Margin or gross Mark-on – Increase on the Regular
profit. (patong – Legend: P) selling price (usually used when
Formulas: demand on a product goes up –
Selling Price = Cost + Operating Cost Legend: MO
+ Profit Formula:
MU = SP - C MO = Peak selling price (PSP) + SP
Word Problem
Yvette’s Flower Shop imposes a 45%
Word Problem mark-up on flowers delivered to them
A stuffed toy costs ₱260 to for sale. During All Saint’s Day,
manufacture and is marked up 45% however, an additional mark-on of
based on cost. What is the retail 25% of the regular selling price is
price of the stuffed toy? added on. Determine the unit price of
S = MU+C 300 roses worth Php15,000 delivered
MU=RC by substitution; to Yvette’s Flower Shop during All
SP=RC+C Saint’s Day. How much is the selling
SP=(.45)(260)+(260) price of each rose during All Saint’s
SP= ₱377 Day at this flower shop.
1st Semester Total: 537.5 + 26.25 + 13.8 = 577.55
Change: 700 (given) - 577.55 =
Lesson 1: Fractions P122.45
Fractions - represents a part of a
whole Lesson 3: Ratio & Rate
Simplify: Ratio- Comparison of two quantities
by division.
Word Problem: The ratio can be written in two different
ways :
Odds notation - a:b ( “:” read as “is to”)
Fractional notation : a/b
Rate- Ratio that compares quantities
of different units. A unit rate is a rate
that has a denominator of 1; that is, a
rate for one unit of a given quantity.
Word Problem
In a class of 40 students, the ratio of
passing grades to failing grades in 5:3.
How many failed the course?
5:3 = PASS:FAIL
5 + 3 = 8 (Totality of all student who
Lesson 2: Decimals & Percent passed and failed)
decimal - a representation of a 40(Total number of students) / 8 = 5
fraction whose denominator is a
5 (5): 3 (5)
multiple of 10
5 x 5= 25 Passed
Word Problem 5 x 3 = 15 Failed
25 (Passed): 15 (Failed) = 40 students
Maria was asked to go to the market to
Therefore, 15 students failed the
buy 2 ½ kilos of pork, ¼ kilo of garlic,
and 6 pieces of saba. One kilo of pork course.
costs PHP215, 1 kilo of garlic costs
PHP105, and one piece of saba costs 3 bags contain chocolates in a ratio of
PHP2.30. If Maria is given PHP700, 5:2:7. If the total number of chocolates
will she be able to buy everything she from the bags containing the least and
was asked to buy? If yes, how much the most number of chocolates is 252,
change is left (If there is any)? how many chocolates are there in all?
Sol.
Answer: Yes. 2 (the least) +7(the most) = 9
Pork: 2 ½ x 215 = P537.5 = 28
Garlic: ¼ x 105 = 26.25 5(28) + 252
, = 392 If a product with a selling price of
Therefore, there are 392 chocolates all ₱62.50 has a 25% markup on cost,
in all. how much is the cost for the product?
If the MU is 25% of the SP, therefore
Lesson 4: Buying & Selling the C is 75% of the SP.
Cost Price – the price that a company C=(.75)(₱62.50)
has to pay for the goods it is going to C= ₱62.50
sell; price for production (puhunan –
Legend: C) A computer store used a markup rate
Operating Cost – the price incurred of 40%. Find the selling price of a
relatively to the production and sale of
computer game that cost the retailer
a commodity (also known as other
expense eg. Transportation – Legend: $25.
Expense) Solution:
Selling price – the price at which the Selling price (S.P) = (100+MU)% x
commodity is sold per unit. (Legend: Cost Price (C.P)
SP) M = 40, C.P = $25
Profit – money earned after the cost Then, S.P = (100 + 40)% x 25
price and the operating cost are S.P = 140% x 25
accounted for after the sale of a S.P = 1.4 x 25 = $35
commodity. (kinita – Legend: P) Selling Price = $35
Mark-up – the differences between the
selling price and the cost price Lesson 5: Mark-on
sometimes called Margin or gross Mark-on – Increase on the Regular
profit. (patong – Legend: P) selling price (usually used when
Formulas: demand on a product goes up –
Selling Price = Cost + Operating Cost Legend: MO
+ Profit Formula:
MU = SP - C MO = Peak selling price (PSP) + SP
Word Problem
Yvette’s Flower Shop imposes a 45%
Word Problem mark-up on flowers delivered to them
A stuffed toy costs ₱260 to for sale. During All Saint’s Day,
manufacture and is marked up 45% however, an additional mark-on of
based on cost. What is the retail 25% of the regular selling price is
price of the stuffed toy? added on. Determine the unit price of
S = MU+C 300 roses worth Php15,000 delivered
MU=RC by substitution; to Yvette’s Flower Shop during All
SP=RC+C Saint’s Day. How much is the selling
SP=(.45)(260)+(260) price of each rose during All Saint’s
SP= ₱377 Day at this flower shop.
