PORTAGE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MODULE
ACTUAL EXAM 4 WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS NEWEST VERSION
explain differences in the pathophysiology, symptoms and whether nitroglycerin
and/or rest will relieve symptoms in stable angina, unstable angina, and myocardial
infarction - Answer with atherosclerotic disease, the coronary vessel lumens are
narrowed and blood supply to the heart is diminished. with exertion, the vessels
cannot adequately vasodilate. this can manifest as chest pain, tightness, shortness
of breath
stable angina - heart is stable at rest but cannot keep up with demand of exertion.
stable angina typically has greater than 70% stenosis of coronary arteries. it is
relieved by rest or nitroglycerin (vasodilator).
unstable angina - with increasing occlusion of coronary vessels, demands of resting
heart may become too great. when patient experiences angina without exertion, this
is unstable angina. can be relieved by nitroglycerin but not rest. unstable angina
means one or more coronary vessels is nearly totally occluded.
myocardial infarction - if a plaque ruptures, coronary thrombosis can cause
complete occlusion. if collateral flow is inadequate, the tissue supplied becomes
ischemic. without oxygen, a portion of the muscle can die. MI can present as chest
pain unrelieved by rest, sometimes radiating down left ram or into jaw/neck,
sweating, other signs of distress. other symptoms include crushing pain. symptoms
not relieved by nitroglycerin.
, 1. name 2 lifestyle changes to prevent further progression of atherosclerotic
diseases
2. name 2 medications used to treat someone with coronary artery disease and their
mechanisms of action - Answer 1. reduction in fat intake, quit smoking, weight
loss, exercise
2. aspirin to prevent thrombosis formation
nitrates quickly dilate coronary vessels, dilate veins, decreasing preload and
afterload
with increasing occlusion of coronary vessels, demands of resting heart may
become too great. when patient experiences angina without exertion, or when level
of exertion necessary to cause anginal symptoms decreases, this is called what? -
Answer unstable angina
upon autopsy, patient's heart revealed which disease process? - Answer
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
each of the following lifestyle modifications will help to decrease blood pressure
execept - Answer 3 drinks or more of alcohol
which pharmacologic treatment of hypertension has a mechanism of action
characterized by reducing vascular smooth muscle tone (vasodilation) and reducing
cardiac contractility and heart rate? - Answer calcium channel blockers
ACTUAL EXAM 4 WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS NEWEST VERSION
explain differences in the pathophysiology, symptoms and whether nitroglycerin
and/or rest will relieve symptoms in stable angina, unstable angina, and myocardial
infarction - Answer with atherosclerotic disease, the coronary vessel lumens are
narrowed and blood supply to the heart is diminished. with exertion, the vessels
cannot adequately vasodilate. this can manifest as chest pain, tightness, shortness
of breath
stable angina - heart is stable at rest but cannot keep up with demand of exertion.
stable angina typically has greater than 70% stenosis of coronary arteries. it is
relieved by rest or nitroglycerin (vasodilator).
unstable angina - with increasing occlusion of coronary vessels, demands of resting
heart may become too great. when patient experiences angina without exertion, this
is unstable angina. can be relieved by nitroglycerin but not rest. unstable angina
means one or more coronary vessels is nearly totally occluded.
myocardial infarction - if a plaque ruptures, coronary thrombosis can cause
complete occlusion. if collateral flow is inadequate, the tissue supplied becomes
ischemic. without oxygen, a portion of the muscle can die. MI can present as chest
pain unrelieved by rest, sometimes radiating down left ram or into jaw/neck,
sweating, other signs of distress. other symptoms include crushing pain. symptoms
not relieved by nitroglycerin.
, 1. name 2 lifestyle changes to prevent further progression of atherosclerotic
diseases
2. name 2 medications used to treat someone with coronary artery disease and their
mechanisms of action - Answer 1. reduction in fat intake, quit smoking, weight
loss, exercise
2. aspirin to prevent thrombosis formation
nitrates quickly dilate coronary vessels, dilate veins, decreasing preload and
afterload
with increasing occlusion of coronary vessels, demands of resting heart may
become too great. when patient experiences angina without exertion, or when level
of exertion necessary to cause anginal symptoms decreases, this is called what? -
Answer unstable angina
upon autopsy, patient's heart revealed which disease process? - Answer
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
each of the following lifestyle modifications will help to decrease blood pressure
execept - Answer 3 drinks or more of alcohol
which pharmacologic treatment of hypertension has a mechanism of action
characterized by reducing vascular smooth muscle tone (vasodilation) and reducing
cardiac contractility and heart rate? - Answer calcium channel blockers
