1|Page
NUR114 Final Exam Questions And Correct Verified Answers With
Rationales 2026/2027 Updated Version
The nurse is preparing to teach a prenatal class about fetal circulation. Which statements
26
would be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
1."The ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs."
2. "One vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus."
20
3. "The normal fetal heartbeat range is 160 to 180 beats per minute in pregnancy."
4. "Two arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products away from the fetus to
the placenta."
5. "Two veins carry blood that is high in carbon dioxide and other waste products away
ly
from the fetus to the placenta." - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer:1,2,4
Ju
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a unique fetal circulation structure that allows blood
to bypass the nonfunctioning fetal lungs. Oxygenated blood is transported to the fetus by
ng
one umbilical vein. The normal fetal heartbeat range is considered to be 110 to 160 beats
per minute. Two arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus,
and one umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood and provides oxygen and nutrients to
si
the fetus. Blood pumped by the embryo's heart leaves the embryo through two umbilical
arteries.
ur
N
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, fetal circulation. Recall that three umbilical
vessels are within the umbilical cord (two arteries and one vein) and that the vein
carries oxygenated blood and the arteries carry deoxygenated blood. Also recalling the
normal fetal heartbeat will assist in answering correctly.
, The nurse is providing instructions about measures to prevent postpartum mastitis to a client
who is breast-feeding/chest-feeding the newborn. Which client statement would indicate a
need for further instruction?
1. "I need to breast-feed/chest-feed every 2 to 3 hours."
26
2. "I need to change the breast/chest pads frequently."
3. "I need to wash my hands well before breast-feeding/chest-feeding."
20
4. "I need to wash my nipples daily with soap and water." - CORRECT
ANSWERAnswer:4
ly
Rationale: Mastitis is inflammation of the breast/chest as a result of infection. It generally is caused
by an organism that enters through an injured area of the nipples, such as a crack or blister.
Ju
Measures to prevent the development of mastitis include changing nursing pads when they are wet
and avoiding continuous pressure on the breasts/chest. Soap is drying and could lead to cracking of
the nipples, and the client needs to be instructed to avoid using soap on the nipples. The client is
ng
taught about the importance of handwashing and the need to breast/chest-feed every 2 to 3 hours.
Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words, need for further instruction.These words indicate a
si
negative event query and the need to select the option that identifies the incorrect client
ur
statement. Recalling that the use of soap is drying to the skin and could cause cracking and provide
an entry point for organisms will direct you easily to the correct option.
N
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client who is scheduled for an amniocentesis.
What instruction would the nurse provide?
1. Strict bed rest is required after the procedure.
TTaed
, 2. Hospitalization is necessary for 24 hours after the procedure.
3. An informed consent needs to be signed before the procedure.
4. A fever is expected after the procedure because of the trauma to the abdomen.-
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 3
26
Rationale: Because amniocentesis is an invasive procedure, informed consent needs to be
obtained before the procedure. After the procedure, the client is instructed to rest, but may
resume light activity after the cramping subsides. The client is instructed to keep the puncture
20
site clean and to report any complications, such as chills, fever, bleeding, leakage of fluid at the
needle insertion site, decreased fetal movement, uterine contractions, or
cramping.Amniocentesis is an outpatient procedure and may be done in the obstetrician's office
ly
or in a special prenatal testing unit. Hospitalization is not necessary after the procedure.
Ju
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, nursing implications related to amniocentesis.
Recalling that this procedure is invasive will direct you to the correct option.
g
in
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client with a history of cardiac disease regarding
appropriate dietary measures. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates an
understanding of the information provided by the nurse?
s
1. "I need to increase my sodium intake during pregnancy."
ur
2. "I need to lower my blood volume by limiting my fluids."
3. "I need to maintain a low-calorie diet to prevent any weight gain."
N
4. "I need to drink adequate fluids and increase my intake of high-fiber foods." -CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: 4
ZhTeaed
, Rationale: Constipation can cause the client to use the Valsalva maneuver. The Valsalva maneuver
needs to be avoided in clients with cardiac disease because it can cause blood to rush to the heart
and overload the cardiac system.
Constipation can be prevented by the addition of fluids and a high-fiber diet. A low-calorie diet is not
26
recommended during pregnancy and could be harmful to the fetus. Sodium needs to be restricted as
prescribed by the primary health care provider, because excess sodium would cause an overload to
the circulating blood volume and contribute to cardiac complications. Diets low in fluid can cause a
20
decrease in blood volume, which could deprive the fetus of nutrients.
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, the pregnant client with heart disease. Think about the
physiology of the cardiac system, client and fetal needs,and the factors that increase the workload on
ly
the heart. This will direct you to the correct option.
Ju
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection regarding care of the newborn after delivery. The client asks the nurse about the feeding
ng
options that are available.Which response would the nurse make to the client?
1. "You will need to bottle-feed your newborn."
si
2. "You will need to feed your newborn by nasogastric tube feeding."
3. "You will be able to breast/chest-feed for 6 mnonths and then will need to switch to
ur
bottle-feeding."
4. "You will be able to breast/chest-feed for 9 months and then will need to switch to
N
bottle-feeding." - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1
StTeaed
NUR114 Final Exam Questions And Correct Verified Answers With
Rationales 2026/2027 Updated Version
The nurse is preparing to teach a prenatal class about fetal circulation. Which statements
26
would be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
1."The ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs."
2. "One vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus."
20
3. "The normal fetal heartbeat range is 160 to 180 beats per minute in pregnancy."
4. "Two arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products away from the fetus to
the placenta."
5. "Two veins carry blood that is high in carbon dioxide and other waste products away
ly
from the fetus to the placenta." - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer:1,2,4
Ju
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a unique fetal circulation structure that allows blood
to bypass the nonfunctioning fetal lungs. Oxygenated blood is transported to the fetus by
ng
one umbilical vein. The normal fetal heartbeat range is considered to be 110 to 160 beats
per minute. Two arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus,
and one umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood and provides oxygen and nutrients to
si
the fetus. Blood pumped by the embryo's heart leaves the embryo through two umbilical
arteries.
ur
N
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, fetal circulation. Recall that three umbilical
vessels are within the umbilical cord (two arteries and one vein) and that the vein
carries oxygenated blood and the arteries carry deoxygenated blood. Also recalling the
normal fetal heartbeat will assist in answering correctly.
, The nurse is providing instructions about measures to prevent postpartum mastitis to a client
who is breast-feeding/chest-feeding the newborn. Which client statement would indicate a
need for further instruction?
1. "I need to breast-feed/chest-feed every 2 to 3 hours."
26
2. "I need to change the breast/chest pads frequently."
3. "I need to wash my hands well before breast-feeding/chest-feeding."
20
4. "I need to wash my nipples daily with soap and water." - CORRECT
ANSWERAnswer:4
ly
Rationale: Mastitis is inflammation of the breast/chest as a result of infection. It generally is caused
by an organism that enters through an injured area of the nipples, such as a crack or blister.
Ju
Measures to prevent the development of mastitis include changing nursing pads when they are wet
and avoiding continuous pressure on the breasts/chest. Soap is drying and could lead to cracking of
the nipples, and the client needs to be instructed to avoid using soap on the nipples. The client is
ng
taught about the importance of handwashing and the need to breast/chest-feed every 2 to 3 hours.
Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words, need for further instruction.These words indicate a
si
negative event query and the need to select the option that identifies the incorrect client
ur
statement. Recalling that the use of soap is drying to the skin and could cause cracking and provide
an entry point for organisms will direct you easily to the correct option.
N
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client who is scheduled for an amniocentesis.
What instruction would the nurse provide?
1. Strict bed rest is required after the procedure.
TTaed
, 2. Hospitalization is necessary for 24 hours after the procedure.
3. An informed consent needs to be signed before the procedure.
4. A fever is expected after the procedure because of the trauma to the abdomen.-
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 3
26
Rationale: Because amniocentesis is an invasive procedure, informed consent needs to be
obtained before the procedure. After the procedure, the client is instructed to rest, but may
resume light activity after the cramping subsides. The client is instructed to keep the puncture
20
site clean and to report any complications, such as chills, fever, bleeding, leakage of fluid at the
needle insertion site, decreased fetal movement, uterine contractions, or
cramping.Amniocentesis is an outpatient procedure and may be done in the obstetrician's office
ly
or in a special prenatal testing unit. Hospitalization is not necessary after the procedure.
Ju
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, nursing implications related to amniocentesis.
Recalling that this procedure is invasive will direct you to the correct option.
g
in
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client with a history of cardiac disease regarding
appropriate dietary measures. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates an
understanding of the information provided by the nurse?
s
1. "I need to increase my sodium intake during pregnancy."
ur
2. "I need to lower my blood volume by limiting my fluids."
3. "I need to maintain a low-calorie diet to prevent any weight gain."
N
4. "I need to drink adequate fluids and increase my intake of high-fiber foods." -CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: 4
ZhTeaed
, Rationale: Constipation can cause the client to use the Valsalva maneuver. The Valsalva maneuver
needs to be avoided in clients with cardiac disease because it can cause blood to rush to the heart
and overload the cardiac system.
Constipation can be prevented by the addition of fluids and a high-fiber diet. A low-calorie diet is not
26
recommended during pregnancy and could be harmful to the fetus. Sodium needs to be restricted as
prescribed by the primary health care provider, because excess sodium would cause an overload to
the circulating blood volume and contribute to cardiac complications. Diets low in fluid can cause a
20
decrease in blood volume, which could deprive the fetus of nutrients.
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, the pregnant client with heart disease. Think about the
physiology of the cardiac system, client and fetal needs,and the factors that increase the workload on
ly
the heart. This will direct you to the correct option.
Ju
The nurse is providing instructions to a pregnant client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection regarding care of the newborn after delivery. The client asks the nurse about the feeding
ng
options that are available.Which response would the nurse make to the client?
1. "You will need to bottle-feed your newborn."
si
2. "You will need to feed your newborn by nasogastric tube feeding."
3. "You will be able to breast/chest-feed for 6 mnonths and then will need to switch to
ur
bottle-feeding."
4. "You will be able to breast/chest-feed for 9 months and then will need to switch to
N
bottle-feeding." - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1
StTeaed
