NR 304 Musculoskeletal || Error-free Answers 100%.
Function of the Musculoskeletal system correct answers Support and movement of the body,
protection of vital inner organs, produces red blood cells, provides storage of minerals such as
Vitamen C and Vitamin D
Joints Classification correct answers Synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous, ligaments, bursae, tendons
Synovial joints correct answers Bones separated by fluid filled joint cavity. Movable joint; Joints
bounded by a fibrous capsule whose inner membrane secretes a viscous lubricating liquid
(synovia), thus allowing a wide range of motion
Ex: knees, elbows, knuckles, hips, ankles, feet
Fibrous joints correct answers Immovable joint; held by fibers; remains fixed and not open
Joined by fibrous tissue
Ex: sutures of the skull, pelvis
Cartilaginous joints correct answers Joints connected entirely by cartilage; has more movement
than fibrous joints but less than synovial
Bones joined by cartilage
Ex: joints covered by cartilage between the nose, ears, ribs and vertebrae
Bursae correct answers "Small pockets"; synovial fluid moves in and out of the pocket and
lubricates joints with fluid, allows for smooth joint motion. Fluid filled sacs
Ligaments correct answers bone to bone
Tendons correct answers tough fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone
,Tendon sheaths correct answers Tendons that are sujected to continuous friction form fluid filled
bursae that protects the joints from damage
Flexion correct answers Bending parts at a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the
parts come closer together (bending the knee)
Extension correct answers Straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases
and the parts move farther apart (straightening the knee).
Abduction correct answers Moving a part away from the midline (lifting the upper limb
horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body).
Adduction correct answers Moving a part toward the midline (returning the upper limb from the
horizontal position to the side of the body).
Pronation correct answers Turning the hand so that the palm is downward or facing posteriorly
(in anatomical position).
Supination correct answers Turning the hand so that the palm is upward or facing anteriorly (in
anatomical position).
Circumduction correct answers Moving a part so that its end follows a circular path (moving a
finger in a circular motion without the the hand, arm).
Inversion correct answers Turning the foot so the plantar surfaces faces medially.
Eversion correct answers Turning the foot so the plantar surfaces faces laterally.
Rotation correct answers Moving a part around an axis (twisting the head from side to side).
, Elevation correct answers Raising a part (shrugging the shoulders).
Depression correct answers Lowering a part (drooping the shoulders).
Protraction correct answers Moving a part forward (thrusting the head forward).
Retraction correct answers Moving a part backward (pulling the head backward).
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) correct answers Mandible and temporal bone; opens and closes,
protracts and retracts, and moves side to side;
Also assessing for: crepitus, CN V and VII, pain/tenderness, feel for warmth, redness, swelling
Shoulder correct answers Rotator cuff, ball-and-socket joint; abduction, adduction; forward
flexion, backward extension, circumduction, external rotation, internal rotation
Elbow correct answers Hinge Joint
Flexion of the forearm, extension of the forearm, supination of forearm and hand, pronation of
the forearm and hand
Phalangeal joints of the hand correct answers Distal, middle, and proximal
Wrist or carpus correct answers Extension, flexion, hyperextension, radial deviation, ulnar
deviation
Hip correct answers Ball-and-socket joint; extension, hyperextension, flexion with knee flexed,
flexion with knee extended (kick rubber ball), internal rotation, external rotation (hacky sack),
abduction, adduction (kick a soccerball)
Function of the Musculoskeletal system correct answers Support and movement of the body,
protection of vital inner organs, produces red blood cells, provides storage of minerals such as
Vitamen C and Vitamin D
Joints Classification correct answers Synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous, ligaments, bursae, tendons
Synovial joints correct answers Bones separated by fluid filled joint cavity. Movable joint; Joints
bounded by a fibrous capsule whose inner membrane secretes a viscous lubricating liquid
(synovia), thus allowing a wide range of motion
Ex: knees, elbows, knuckles, hips, ankles, feet
Fibrous joints correct answers Immovable joint; held by fibers; remains fixed and not open
Joined by fibrous tissue
Ex: sutures of the skull, pelvis
Cartilaginous joints correct answers Joints connected entirely by cartilage; has more movement
than fibrous joints but less than synovial
Bones joined by cartilage
Ex: joints covered by cartilage between the nose, ears, ribs and vertebrae
Bursae correct answers "Small pockets"; synovial fluid moves in and out of the pocket and
lubricates joints with fluid, allows for smooth joint motion. Fluid filled sacs
Ligaments correct answers bone to bone
Tendons correct answers tough fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone
,Tendon sheaths correct answers Tendons that are sujected to continuous friction form fluid filled
bursae that protects the joints from damage
Flexion correct answers Bending parts at a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the
parts come closer together (bending the knee)
Extension correct answers Straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases
and the parts move farther apart (straightening the knee).
Abduction correct answers Moving a part away from the midline (lifting the upper limb
horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body).
Adduction correct answers Moving a part toward the midline (returning the upper limb from the
horizontal position to the side of the body).
Pronation correct answers Turning the hand so that the palm is downward or facing posteriorly
(in anatomical position).
Supination correct answers Turning the hand so that the palm is upward or facing anteriorly (in
anatomical position).
Circumduction correct answers Moving a part so that its end follows a circular path (moving a
finger in a circular motion without the the hand, arm).
Inversion correct answers Turning the foot so the plantar surfaces faces medially.
Eversion correct answers Turning the foot so the plantar surfaces faces laterally.
Rotation correct answers Moving a part around an axis (twisting the head from side to side).
, Elevation correct answers Raising a part (shrugging the shoulders).
Depression correct answers Lowering a part (drooping the shoulders).
Protraction correct answers Moving a part forward (thrusting the head forward).
Retraction correct answers Moving a part backward (pulling the head backward).
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) correct answers Mandible and temporal bone; opens and closes,
protracts and retracts, and moves side to side;
Also assessing for: crepitus, CN V and VII, pain/tenderness, feel for warmth, redness, swelling
Shoulder correct answers Rotator cuff, ball-and-socket joint; abduction, adduction; forward
flexion, backward extension, circumduction, external rotation, internal rotation
Elbow correct answers Hinge Joint
Flexion of the forearm, extension of the forearm, supination of forearm and hand, pronation of
the forearm and hand
Phalangeal joints of the hand correct answers Distal, middle, and proximal
Wrist or carpus correct answers Extension, flexion, hyperextension, radial deviation, ulnar
deviation
Hip correct answers Ball-and-socket joint; extension, hyperextension, flexion with knee flexed,
flexion with knee extended (kick rubber ball), internal rotation, external rotation (hacky sack),
abduction, adduction (kick a soccerball)
