FDNY COF P-98 Latest Update 2026 | Exam
Prep Guide | 100% Accurate Answers
The P-98 Certificate of Fitness is required to supervise the transfer of fuel-oil from a stationary
tank on the lowest floor of a building to another stationary tank or fuel-burning equipment
located above that floor . This certificate is premise-related (valid for a specific location) and
must be renewed every 3 years . The written exam consists of 35 multiple-choice
questions with a 53-minute time limit; a passing score of 70% is required .
SECTION 1: GENERAL KNOWLEDGE & REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS (Questions 1–20)
Q1. Where generally is fuel-oil used in buildings and for what purposes?
A) In portable equipment for temporary heating
B) In stationary equipment for two purposes: (a) fuel emergency generators and (b) fuel
equipment used to heat the building
C) In mobile units for construction sites only
D) In residential cooking appliances only
Correct Answer: B. In stationary equipment for two purposes: (a) fuel emergency generators
and (b) fuel equipment used to heat the building
Rationale: Fuel-oil is used in stationary equipment for two primary purposes: to fuel emergency
generators and to fuel equipment used to heat the building .
Q2. What Certificate of Fitness (COF) is required to supervise fuel-oil transfer in a building from
one floor to another?
A) P-99
B) P-98
C) Q-01
D) S-95
,Correct Answer: B. P-98
Rationale: The P-98 COF is required to supervise fuel-oil transfer in the building from one floor
to another. The P-98 COF is premise-related (valid for a specific location) .
Q3. The use of the word "should" in FDNY regulations refers to:
A) A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
B) Policies, procedures, and/or best practices recommended by the FDNY
C) A legal mandate that must be followed
D) An optional suggestion that can be ignored
Correct Answer: B. Policies, procedures, and/or best practices recommended by the FDNY
Rationale: The word "should" refers to policies, procedures, and/or best practices
recommended by the FDNY, and may not be a codified requirement .
Q4. The use of the word "shall" in FDNY regulations refers to:
A) A recommendation by the FDNY
B) A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
C) A suggestion for best practices
D) An optional guideline
Correct Answer: B. A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
Rationale: The word "shall" refers to a requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY that must be
followed .
Q5. Supervision of fuel-oil piping and storage operation shall be under the GENERAL
SUPERVISION of P-98 for which scenario?
A) A stationary fuel-oil storage tank, related piping, installed on the lowest floor, transferring
fuel-oil through piping to another stationary fuel-oil storage tank or fuel burning equipment
installed above such floor
B) Any fuel-oil storage tank in the building regardless of location
,C) Only tanks located on the roof
D) Only tanks used for emergency generators
Correct Answer: A. A stationary fuel-oil storage tank, related piping, installed on the lowest
floor, transferring fuel-oil through piping to another stationary fuel-oil storage tank or fuel
burning equipment installed above such floor
Rationale: General supervision applies to a stationary fuel-oil storage tank with related piping
that is installed on the lowest floor of the building and transfers fuel-oil through piping to
another stationary fuel-oil storage tank, or fuel burning equipment, installed above such floor .
Q6. Supervision of fuel-oil piping and storage operation shall be under the PERSONAL
SUPERVISION of P-98 COF for:
A) Initial system installation only
B) Periodic inspection and testing of tanks and piping
C) Fuel delivery to the building
D) Installation of new equipment
Correct Answer: B. Periodic inspection and testing of tanks and piping
Rationale: Personal supervision of the P-98 COF shall be for periodic inspection and testing of
tanks and piping .
Q7. How often shall fuel-oil storage tanks and piping be inspected for any evidence of leaks?
A) Daily
B) Weekly
C) Monthly
D) Annually
Correct Answer: B. Weekly
Rationale: Fuel-oil storage tanks and piping shall be inspected weekly for any evidence of leaks .
, Q8. How often shall fuel-oil storage tanks have their float switches tested to ensure they are in
good working order?
A) Daily
B) Weekly
C) Monthly
D) Quarterly
Correct Answer: B. Weekly
Rationale: Fuel-oil storage tanks shall have their float switches tested weekly to ensure that
they are in good working order .
Q9. No oil burning equipment may be operated until:
A) A Certificate of Compliance has been issued by NYCDOB
B) Air pollution control code requirements from NYCDEP are met
C) A permit for the storage and use of fuel-oil is issued by FDNY
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D. All of the above
Rationale: No oil burning equipment may be operated until: (a) a Certificate of Compliance has
been issued by NYCDOB, (b) air pollution control code requirements from NYCDEP are met, and
(c) a permit for the storage and use of fuel-oil is issued by FDNY .
Q10. Pursuant to the New York City Fire Code and Mechanical Codes, a COF is required:
A) Only for new buildings
B) For all existing and new buildings where fuel is being transported from the lowest levels to
tanks or equipment on upper floors
C) Only for buildings over 10 stories
D) Only for buildings with emergency generators
Correct Answer: B. For all existing and new buildings where fuel is being transported from the
lowest levels to tanks or equipment on upper floors
Prep Guide | 100% Accurate Answers
The P-98 Certificate of Fitness is required to supervise the transfer of fuel-oil from a stationary
tank on the lowest floor of a building to another stationary tank or fuel-burning equipment
located above that floor . This certificate is premise-related (valid for a specific location) and
must be renewed every 3 years . The written exam consists of 35 multiple-choice
questions with a 53-minute time limit; a passing score of 70% is required .
SECTION 1: GENERAL KNOWLEDGE & REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS (Questions 1–20)
Q1. Where generally is fuel-oil used in buildings and for what purposes?
A) In portable equipment for temporary heating
B) In stationary equipment for two purposes: (a) fuel emergency generators and (b) fuel
equipment used to heat the building
C) In mobile units for construction sites only
D) In residential cooking appliances only
Correct Answer: B. In stationary equipment for two purposes: (a) fuel emergency generators
and (b) fuel equipment used to heat the building
Rationale: Fuel-oil is used in stationary equipment for two primary purposes: to fuel emergency
generators and to fuel equipment used to heat the building .
Q2. What Certificate of Fitness (COF) is required to supervise fuel-oil transfer in a building from
one floor to another?
A) P-99
B) P-98
C) Q-01
D) S-95
,Correct Answer: B. P-98
Rationale: The P-98 COF is required to supervise fuel-oil transfer in the building from one floor
to another. The P-98 COF is premise-related (valid for a specific location) .
Q3. The use of the word "should" in FDNY regulations refers to:
A) A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
B) Policies, procedures, and/or best practices recommended by the FDNY
C) A legal mandate that must be followed
D) An optional suggestion that can be ignored
Correct Answer: B. Policies, procedures, and/or best practices recommended by the FDNY
Rationale: The word "should" refers to policies, procedures, and/or best practices
recommended by the FDNY, and may not be a codified requirement .
Q4. The use of the word "shall" in FDNY regulations refers to:
A) A recommendation by the FDNY
B) A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
C) A suggestion for best practices
D) An optional guideline
Correct Answer: B. A requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY
Rationale: The word "shall" refers to a requirement of the Fire Code or the FDNY that must be
followed .
Q5. Supervision of fuel-oil piping and storage operation shall be under the GENERAL
SUPERVISION of P-98 for which scenario?
A) A stationary fuel-oil storage tank, related piping, installed on the lowest floor, transferring
fuel-oil through piping to another stationary fuel-oil storage tank or fuel burning equipment
installed above such floor
B) Any fuel-oil storage tank in the building regardless of location
,C) Only tanks located on the roof
D) Only tanks used for emergency generators
Correct Answer: A. A stationary fuel-oil storage tank, related piping, installed on the lowest
floor, transferring fuel-oil through piping to another stationary fuel-oil storage tank or fuel
burning equipment installed above such floor
Rationale: General supervision applies to a stationary fuel-oil storage tank with related piping
that is installed on the lowest floor of the building and transfers fuel-oil through piping to
another stationary fuel-oil storage tank, or fuel burning equipment, installed above such floor .
Q6. Supervision of fuel-oil piping and storage operation shall be under the PERSONAL
SUPERVISION of P-98 COF for:
A) Initial system installation only
B) Periodic inspection and testing of tanks and piping
C) Fuel delivery to the building
D) Installation of new equipment
Correct Answer: B. Periodic inspection and testing of tanks and piping
Rationale: Personal supervision of the P-98 COF shall be for periodic inspection and testing of
tanks and piping .
Q7. How often shall fuel-oil storage tanks and piping be inspected for any evidence of leaks?
A) Daily
B) Weekly
C) Monthly
D) Annually
Correct Answer: B. Weekly
Rationale: Fuel-oil storage tanks and piping shall be inspected weekly for any evidence of leaks .
, Q8. How often shall fuel-oil storage tanks have their float switches tested to ensure they are in
good working order?
A) Daily
B) Weekly
C) Monthly
D) Quarterly
Correct Answer: B. Weekly
Rationale: Fuel-oil storage tanks shall have their float switches tested weekly to ensure that
they are in good working order .
Q9. No oil burning equipment may be operated until:
A) A Certificate of Compliance has been issued by NYCDOB
B) Air pollution control code requirements from NYCDEP are met
C) A permit for the storage and use of fuel-oil is issued by FDNY
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D. All of the above
Rationale: No oil burning equipment may be operated until: (a) a Certificate of Compliance has
been issued by NYCDOB, (b) air pollution control code requirements from NYCDEP are met, and
(c) a permit for the storage and use of fuel-oil is issued by FDNY .
Q10. Pursuant to the New York City Fire Code and Mechanical Codes, a COF is required:
A) Only for new buildings
B) For all existing and new buildings where fuel is being transported from the lowest levels to
tanks or equipment on upper floors
C) Only for buildings over 10 stories
D) Only for buildings with emergency generators
Correct Answer: B. For all existing and new buildings where fuel is being transported from the
lowest levels to tanks or equipment on upper floors
