HESI Nutrition Practice Exam, HESI
Nutrition, Nutrition Proctored, Nutrition
Hesi Prep, Nutrition Practice Exam | A+
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Which dietary change is most important for a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
mellitus?
A. Daily fingerstick glucose monitoring
B. Regular exercise program
C. Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections
D. Strict adherence to oral hypoglycemic medications
Correct Answer: C. Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections
Rationale:
Diet is the foundation of type 2 diabetes management because it directly affects blood
glucose control and weight. Portion control and heart-healthy choices improve insulin
sensitivity and reduce complications.
• A is monitoring, not lifestyle change.
• B is important but secondary to diet initiation.
• D is medication adherence, not lifestyle modification priority.
QUESTION
Which laboratory test best reflects long-term glucose control in diabetes?
A. Oral glucose tolerance test
B. 24-hour urine glucose
C. Hemoglobin A1c
D. Fasting cholesterol
Correct Answer: C. Hemoglobin A1c
,Rationale:
Hemoglobin A1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, making it the best
indicator of long-term control.
• A tests glucose response, not long-term control.
• B is outdated and unreliable.
• D measures lipid status, not glucose.
QUESTION
Which foods are best for increasing vitamin B12 after a subtotal gastrectomy?
A. Cheese, eggs, fish
B. Lentils, dried fruits, soybeans
C. Potatoes, mushrooms, yogurt
D. Nuts, brown rice, seeds
Correct Answer: A. Cheese, eggs, fish
Rationale:
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, which are necessary after reduced
intrinsic factor production post-gastrectomy.
• B is plant-based and lacks B12.
• C and D do not provide adequate B12.
QUESTION
Which foods are highest in zinc to promote wound healing in a stage III pressure ulcer?
A. Cheese and eggs
B. Fruits and berries
C. Meats and shellfish
D. Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C. Meats and shellfish
Rationale:
Zinc is abundant in protein-rich foods like meat and shellfish and is essential for tissue repair
and wound healing.
• A has limited zinc.
• B and D contain minimal zinc.
,QUESTION
Which client requires increased caloric intake?
A. Osteoporosis
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Bacterial pneumonia
Correct Answer: D. Bacterial pneumonia
Rationale:
Infections increase metabolic demand, requiring higher caloric intake for immune response
and recovery.
• Chronic conditions do not typically require increased calories unless acute illness
occurs.
QUESTION
Which meal is appropriate for an Orthodox Jewish client following kosher guidelines?
A. Lamb chops with mint jelly
B. Crab cakes with sauce
C. Pork chops with relish
D. Steak with cream sauce
Correct Answer: A. Lamb chops with mint jelly
Rationale:
Kosher diet allows certain meats like lamb but prohibits shellfish and pork and forbids mixing
meat with dairy.
• B and C are prohibited foods.
• D mixes meat and dairy.
QUESTION
What position best prevents aspiration during continuous NG tube feeding?
A. Trendelenburg
B. Semi-Fowler’s
, C. Sims
D. Supine
Correct Answer: B. Semi-Fowler’s
Rationale:
Elevating the head 30–45° reduces aspiration risk during enteral feeding.
• A and D increase aspiration risk.
• C is not appropriate for feeding safety.
QUESTION
Which diet best reflects Chinese cultural food patterns?
A. Dairy products
B. Vegetables and rice
C. Pork and beef
D. Cakes and pies
Correct Answer: B. Vegetables and rice
Rationale:
Traditional Chinese diets emphasize rice, vegetables, and soy products, with limited dairy
intake due to lactose intolerance.
• A is less common culturally.
• C is not primary.
• D is not traditional.
QUESTION
Which food choice is best for a client with mouth ulcers?
A. Poached eggs
B. Hot soup
C. Peanut butter crackers
D. Ice cream
Correct Answer: A. Poached eggs
Rationale:
Soft, bland, high-protein foods promote healing without irritation.
Nutrition, Nutrition Proctored, Nutrition
Hesi Prep, Nutrition Practice Exam | A+
Graded | 100 % Guaranteed pass |
brand-new!!!!!
Which dietary change is most important for a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
mellitus?
A. Daily fingerstick glucose monitoring
B. Regular exercise program
C. Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections
D. Strict adherence to oral hypoglycemic medications
Correct Answer: C. Portion-controlled, heart-healthy diet selections
Rationale:
Diet is the foundation of type 2 diabetes management because it directly affects blood
glucose control and weight. Portion control and heart-healthy choices improve insulin
sensitivity and reduce complications.
• A is monitoring, not lifestyle change.
• B is important but secondary to diet initiation.
• D is medication adherence, not lifestyle modification priority.
QUESTION
Which laboratory test best reflects long-term glucose control in diabetes?
A. Oral glucose tolerance test
B. 24-hour urine glucose
C. Hemoglobin A1c
D. Fasting cholesterol
Correct Answer: C. Hemoglobin A1c
,Rationale:
Hemoglobin A1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, making it the best
indicator of long-term control.
• A tests glucose response, not long-term control.
• B is outdated and unreliable.
• D measures lipid status, not glucose.
QUESTION
Which foods are best for increasing vitamin B12 after a subtotal gastrectomy?
A. Cheese, eggs, fish
B. Lentils, dried fruits, soybeans
C. Potatoes, mushrooms, yogurt
D. Nuts, brown rice, seeds
Correct Answer: A. Cheese, eggs, fish
Rationale:
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, which are necessary after reduced
intrinsic factor production post-gastrectomy.
• B is plant-based and lacks B12.
• C and D do not provide adequate B12.
QUESTION
Which foods are highest in zinc to promote wound healing in a stage III pressure ulcer?
A. Cheese and eggs
B. Fruits and berries
C. Meats and shellfish
D. Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C. Meats and shellfish
Rationale:
Zinc is abundant in protein-rich foods like meat and shellfish and is essential for tissue repair
and wound healing.
• A has limited zinc.
• B and D contain minimal zinc.
,QUESTION
Which client requires increased caloric intake?
A. Osteoporosis
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Bacterial pneumonia
Correct Answer: D. Bacterial pneumonia
Rationale:
Infections increase metabolic demand, requiring higher caloric intake for immune response
and recovery.
• Chronic conditions do not typically require increased calories unless acute illness
occurs.
QUESTION
Which meal is appropriate for an Orthodox Jewish client following kosher guidelines?
A. Lamb chops with mint jelly
B. Crab cakes with sauce
C. Pork chops with relish
D. Steak with cream sauce
Correct Answer: A. Lamb chops with mint jelly
Rationale:
Kosher diet allows certain meats like lamb but prohibits shellfish and pork and forbids mixing
meat with dairy.
• B and C are prohibited foods.
• D mixes meat and dairy.
QUESTION
What position best prevents aspiration during continuous NG tube feeding?
A. Trendelenburg
B. Semi-Fowler’s
, C. Sims
D. Supine
Correct Answer: B. Semi-Fowler’s
Rationale:
Elevating the head 30–45° reduces aspiration risk during enteral feeding.
• A and D increase aspiration risk.
• C is not appropriate for feeding safety.
QUESTION
Which diet best reflects Chinese cultural food patterns?
A. Dairy products
B. Vegetables and rice
C. Pork and beef
D. Cakes and pies
Correct Answer: B. Vegetables and rice
Rationale:
Traditional Chinese diets emphasize rice, vegetables, and soy products, with limited dairy
intake due to lactose intolerance.
• A is less common culturally.
• C is not primary.
• D is not traditional.
QUESTION
Which food choice is best for a client with mouth ulcers?
A. Poached eggs
B. Hot soup
C. Peanut butter crackers
D. Ice cream
Correct Answer: A. Poached eggs
Rationale:
Soft, bland, high-protein foods promote healing without irritation.
