ROBOTICS EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Why do we normally group robots? - Correct Answers -The goal is to sort the robots for
comparison
What is the difference between a DC brushless motor and a motor containing brushes?
- Correct Answers -DC brushes are made of carbon and transfer the electricity from the
power wires going into the motor to the rotating portion of the motor. Because they are
in contact with the rotating portion of the motor, they do wear down over time and
generate sparks that could become an ignition hazard under the right conditions, such
as a flammable atmosphere. There are DC brushless motors which negate these
problems, but they are a higher price motor.
Do hydraulic robots require any electricity? - Correct Answers -There will be some
electrical power required primarily for the hydraulic pump, valve control, and system
controls, plus any additional sensors.
What are some of the costs of using a hydraulic robot? - Correct Answers -Hydraulic
leaks, cost of oil, fire hazard, increased maintenance, increased noise
What is the primary difference between hydraulics and pneumatics? - Correct Answers -
Hydraulics uses a non-compressible liquid, pneumatics uses a compressible gas
What is the major problem with using pneumatics for robotics, and how do we correct it?
- Correct Answers -Because gas is compressible, the only way to hold position is at the
extremes of travel or keeping the system under constant force.
What is a nuclear - powered robot? - Correct Answers -We are talking about systems
that carry their own nuclear reactor to create the electricity that they need
What are the benefits of a Cartesian work envelope? - Correct Answers -These robots
are popular for loading and unloading parts as well as moving materials over large
distances, with the system often mounted over the equipment they serve, which saves
floor space.
What are the pros and cons of a cylindrical robot? - Correct Answers -These systems
are good for reaching deep into machines, save on floor space, and tend to have the
ridged structure needed for large payloads. The only downside is the loss of the Y-axis
travel, but the addition of a mobile base can take care of that.
, What does the ISO consider as a personal care robot? - Correct Answers -Those that
can come into contact with people to aid with or perform actions for that improve the
quality of their life.
How does the ISO define a medical robot? - Correct Answers -A device intended to be
used as medical electrical equipment.
Where do we attach the End - Of - Arm - Tooling? - Correct Answers -Attached to the
end of the robots wrist or minor axex.
What is the work envelope of an articulated robot? - Correct Answers -A spherical type
of envelope that is constrained by the construction of the robot.
Which geometry is the most common in robots, and why? - Correct Answers -
Articulated is the most common due to the flexibility of the design and the fact that it can
replicate a wide range of human motions.
What is the difference a SCARA robot and a horizontally based - jointed arm? - Correct
Answers -The horizontally based-jointed arm has the linear axes as axis two instead of
three and these robots also tend to have a normal minor axis complement of two or
three vs the single rotational of the traditional SCARA types.
What is the tradeoff for the work envelope of the delta robot? - Correct Answers -These
systems sacrifice a large portion of their work envelope for speed and the benefit of
over the work mounting.
Describe the operation of a direct - drive robot. - Correct Answers -The design couples
the robots directly to the output shaft of the motor and there is a 1 to 1 ratio of
movement.
What is the difference between a V - belt, a flat belt and a synchronous belt? - Correct
Answers -The common belts are the V-belts, which is shaped like a V, the flat belt which
is a flat band of material and the synchronous belt that has teeth at set intervals along
its length.
In example 3, what was the benefit and cost of using a driven pulley that was twice the
diameter of the drive pulley? - Correct Answers -By doubling the size of the drive pulley,
we get twice the torque out of the system, but that comes at a cost of the driven pulley
running at half the drive pulley's speed.
What is the speed of the drive pulley, regardless of the pulley ratio? - Correct Answers -
Since the drive pulley attaches to the motor, the revolutions per minute of the drive
pulley is determined by the motor.
What is the difference between a chain - drive and a belt - drive system? - Correct
Answers -Chain drive uses sprockets, which have teeth designed to fit into the links of
ANSWERS
Why do we normally group robots? - Correct Answers -The goal is to sort the robots for
comparison
What is the difference between a DC brushless motor and a motor containing brushes?
- Correct Answers -DC brushes are made of carbon and transfer the electricity from the
power wires going into the motor to the rotating portion of the motor. Because they are
in contact with the rotating portion of the motor, they do wear down over time and
generate sparks that could become an ignition hazard under the right conditions, such
as a flammable atmosphere. There are DC brushless motors which negate these
problems, but they are a higher price motor.
Do hydraulic robots require any electricity? - Correct Answers -There will be some
electrical power required primarily for the hydraulic pump, valve control, and system
controls, plus any additional sensors.
What are some of the costs of using a hydraulic robot? - Correct Answers -Hydraulic
leaks, cost of oil, fire hazard, increased maintenance, increased noise
What is the primary difference between hydraulics and pneumatics? - Correct Answers -
Hydraulics uses a non-compressible liquid, pneumatics uses a compressible gas
What is the major problem with using pneumatics for robotics, and how do we correct it?
- Correct Answers -Because gas is compressible, the only way to hold position is at the
extremes of travel or keeping the system under constant force.
What is a nuclear - powered robot? - Correct Answers -We are talking about systems
that carry their own nuclear reactor to create the electricity that they need
What are the benefits of a Cartesian work envelope? - Correct Answers -These robots
are popular for loading and unloading parts as well as moving materials over large
distances, with the system often mounted over the equipment they serve, which saves
floor space.
What are the pros and cons of a cylindrical robot? - Correct Answers -These systems
are good for reaching deep into machines, save on floor space, and tend to have the
ridged structure needed for large payloads. The only downside is the loss of the Y-axis
travel, but the addition of a mobile base can take care of that.
, What does the ISO consider as a personal care robot? - Correct Answers -Those that
can come into contact with people to aid with or perform actions for that improve the
quality of their life.
How does the ISO define a medical robot? - Correct Answers -A device intended to be
used as medical electrical equipment.
Where do we attach the End - Of - Arm - Tooling? - Correct Answers -Attached to the
end of the robots wrist or minor axex.
What is the work envelope of an articulated robot? - Correct Answers -A spherical type
of envelope that is constrained by the construction of the robot.
Which geometry is the most common in robots, and why? - Correct Answers -
Articulated is the most common due to the flexibility of the design and the fact that it can
replicate a wide range of human motions.
What is the difference a SCARA robot and a horizontally based - jointed arm? - Correct
Answers -The horizontally based-jointed arm has the linear axes as axis two instead of
three and these robots also tend to have a normal minor axis complement of two or
three vs the single rotational of the traditional SCARA types.
What is the tradeoff for the work envelope of the delta robot? - Correct Answers -These
systems sacrifice a large portion of their work envelope for speed and the benefit of
over the work mounting.
Describe the operation of a direct - drive robot. - Correct Answers -The design couples
the robots directly to the output shaft of the motor and there is a 1 to 1 ratio of
movement.
What is the difference between a V - belt, a flat belt and a synchronous belt? - Correct
Answers -The common belts are the V-belts, which is shaped like a V, the flat belt which
is a flat band of material and the synchronous belt that has teeth at set intervals along
its length.
In example 3, what was the benefit and cost of using a driven pulley that was twice the
diameter of the drive pulley? - Correct Answers -By doubling the size of the drive pulley,
we get twice the torque out of the system, but that comes at a cost of the driven pulley
running at half the drive pulley's speed.
What is the speed of the drive pulley, regardless of the pulley ratio? - Correct Answers -
Since the drive pulley attaches to the motor, the revolutions per minute of the drive
pulley is determined by the motor.
What is the difference between a chain - drive and a belt - drive system? - Correct
Answers -Chain drive uses sprockets, which have teeth designed to fit into the links of
