Microbiology 4000 OSU chapter 8
Questions Fully solved.
origin of replication - Answer Site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
promotor - Answer A region of DNA with a specific sequence that tells RNA polymerase
where to begin transcription.
terminator - Answer In prokaryotes, a special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the
end of a gene.
mRNA - Answer messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the
nucleus to the ribosome
transcription - Answer synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
* occurs in nucleus and happens when a cell needs to divide
* DNA helicase unwinds the molecule forming replication forks
* RNAP binds near promotor and synthesizes a new RNA molecule
* RNAP reaches terminator and stops
translation - Answer Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
* mRNA enters cytoplasm and associates with a ribosome
* ribosome starts synthesizing poly pep chain at start codon until it reaches stop codon
* peptide is folded
ribosome - Answer Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
rRNA - Answer ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome
tRNA - Answer transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
degenerate code - Answer multiple codons encode a single amino acid
ribosome binding site - Answer In a bacterial mRNA molecule, the sequence just upstream of
the start codon to which a ribosome binds to initiate translation.
Questions Fully solved.
origin of replication - Answer Site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
promotor - Answer A region of DNA with a specific sequence that tells RNA polymerase
where to begin transcription.
terminator - Answer In prokaryotes, a special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the
end of a gene.
mRNA - Answer messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the
nucleus to the ribosome
transcription - Answer synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
* occurs in nucleus and happens when a cell needs to divide
* DNA helicase unwinds the molecule forming replication forks
* RNAP binds near promotor and synthesizes a new RNA molecule
* RNAP reaches terminator and stops
translation - Answer Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
* mRNA enters cytoplasm and associates with a ribosome
* ribosome starts synthesizing poly pep chain at start codon until it reaches stop codon
* peptide is folded
ribosome - Answer Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
rRNA - Answer ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome
tRNA - Answer transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
degenerate code - Answer multiple codons encode a single amino acid
ribosome binding site - Answer In a bacterial mRNA molecule, the sequence just upstream of
the start codon to which a ribosome binds to initiate translation.
