NUR 529 EXAM 3 (ACTUAL
EXAM) | ALL QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS |
GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 2026 BRAND NEW
VERSION!
What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the kidney? - answer-Approximately
90%
What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the liver and other organs? - answer-
Approximately 10%
How does kidney dysfunction affect red blood cell development? - answer-It impacts
RBC development and availability.
What deficiencies may contribute to anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD)? - answer-
Vitamin B12, iron, and folate deficiencies.
What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult males? - answer-Less
than 13.0 g/dL
What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult females? - answer-
Less than 12 g/dL
What is the most profound hematologic alteration that accompanies chronic kidney
disease (CKD)? - answer-Chronic anemia
,What is the association between GFR decline and hematocrit in advanced CKD in
African Americans? - answer-Research shows an association between GFR decline and
the decline in hematocrit.
What do NKF guidelines recommend for individuals with a GFR less than 60
mL/min/1.73 m2? - answer-They should be evaluated for anemia.
What measures are included in the assessment for anemia in CKD? - answer-Measures
of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and iron stores.
What are some factors contributing to anemia in CKD? - answer-Chronic blood loss,
hemolysis, bone marrow suppression, and decreased red cell production.
Why is erythropoietin production usually insufficient in kidney failure? - answer-It is
insufficient to stimulate adequate red blood cell production by the bone marrow.
What are some causes of iron deficiency in people with CKD? - answer-Anorexia, dietary
restrictions, and blood loss during dialysis.
What is the major metabolic function of colonic microorganisms? - answer-The
fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous mucus.
What is a major source of energy in the colon? - answer-Fermentation of nondigestible
carbohydrates, including resistant starches, cellulose, pectins, and unabsorbed sugars.
What role do colonic microorganisms play in vitamin synthesis? - answer-They
synthesize vitamin K.
Why do newborn infants not synthesize adequate amounts of vitamin K initially? -
answer-Because the normal colonic bacterial flora has not yet become established.
,What protective role does the resident gut flora provide? - answer-It provides a crucial
line of resistance to colonization by exogenous microbes.
What can disrupt the microbial balance in the gut? - answer-The administration of
broad-spectrum antibiotics.
What is the role of probiotics? - answer-They are live microorganisms that can modify
the composition of enteric flora when ingested.
What are some commonly used probiotics? - answer-Lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and
nonpathogenic Escherichia coli.
In which disease have probiotics shown value in maintaining remission? - answer-
Ulcerative colitis.
What can people with aspirin-related gastritis be unaware of? - answer-They can be
totally unaware of the condition or may complain only of heartburn or sour stomach.
What symptoms are associated with gastritis from excessive alcohol consumption? -
answer-It often causes transient gastric distress, which may lead to vomiting and, in
more severe situations, to bleeding and hematemesis.
What is the onset time for gastritis caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins? - answer-It
usually has an abrupt and violent onset, with gastric distress and vomiting occurring
approximately 5 hours after ingestion of contaminated food.
Is acute gastritis a self-limiting disorder? - answer-Yes, acute gastritis is usually a self-
limiting disorder, with complete regeneration and healing occurring within several days
of removal of the inciting agent.
What is the primary treatment for celiac disease? - answer-Removal of gluten and
related proteins from the diet.
, What grains contain gluten? - answer-Wheat, barley, and rye.
Can oat products be safe for people with celiac disease? - answer-Oat products are
nontoxic but may be contaminated with wheat during processing.
What types of products are available for those on a gluten-free diet? - answer-Many
gluten-free types of bread, cereals, cookies, and other products.
Which food groups are generally free of gluten? - answer-Meats, vegetables, fruits, and
dairy products.
What is the result of complete exclusion of dietary gluten for celiac disease patients? -
answer-Rapid and complete healing of the intestinal mucosa.
What is the major cause of prehepatic jaundice? - answer-Excessive hemolysis of red
blood cells.
What occurs during hemolytic jaundice? - answer-Red blood cells are destroyed at a
rate exceeding the liver's ability to remove bilirubin from the blood.
What can cause hemolytic jaundice following a blood transfusion? - answer-The
decreased lifespan of the donated red blood cells.
What is hereditary spherocytosis? - answer-A condition where red cell membranes are
defective, leading to hemolytic jaundice.
What is hemolytic disease of the newborn? - answer-A condition that can lead to
excessive bilirubin production in newborns.
EXAM) | ALL QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS |
GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 2026 BRAND NEW
VERSION!
What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the kidney? - answer-Approximately
90%
What percentage of erythropoietin is produced by the liver and other organs? - answer-
Approximately 10%
How does kidney dysfunction affect red blood cell development? - answer-It impacts
RBC development and availability.
What deficiencies may contribute to anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD)? - answer-
Vitamin B12, iron, and folate deficiencies.
What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult males? - answer-Less
than 13.0 g/dL
What is the hemoglobin level that defines chronic anemia in adult females? - answer-
Less than 12 g/dL
What is the most profound hematologic alteration that accompanies chronic kidney
disease (CKD)? - answer-Chronic anemia
,What is the association between GFR decline and hematocrit in advanced CKD in
African Americans? - answer-Research shows an association between GFR decline and
the decline in hematocrit.
What do NKF guidelines recommend for individuals with a GFR less than 60
mL/min/1.73 m2? - answer-They should be evaluated for anemia.
What measures are included in the assessment for anemia in CKD? - answer-Measures
of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and iron stores.
What are some factors contributing to anemia in CKD? - answer-Chronic blood loss,
hemolysis, bone marrow suppression, and decreased red cell production.
Why is erythropoietin production usually insufficient in kidney failure? - answer-It is
insufficient to stimulate adequate red blood cell production by the bone marrow.
What are some causes of iron deficiency in people with CKD? - answer-Anorexia, dietary
restrictions, and blood loss during dialysis.
What is the major metabolic function of colonic microorganisms? - answer-The
fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous mucus.
What is a major source of energy in the colon? - answer-Fermentation of nondigestible
carbohydrates, including resistant starches, cellulose, pectins, and unabsorbed sugars.
What role do colonic microorganisms play in vitamin synthesis? - answer-They
synthesize vitamin K.
Why do newborn infants not synthesize adequate amounts of vitamin K initially? -
answer-Because the normal colonic bacterial flora has not yet become established.
,What protective role does the resident gut flora provide? - answer-It provides a crucial
line of resistance to colonization by exogenous microbes.
What can disrupt the microbial balance in the gut? - answer-The administration of
broad-spectrum antibiotics.
What is the role of probiotics? - answer-They are live microorganisms that can modify
the composition of enteric flora when ingested.
What are some commonly used probiotics? - answer-Lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and
nonpathogenic Escherichia coli.
In which disease have probiotics shown value in maintaining remission? - answer-
Ulcerative colitis.
What can people with aspirin-related gastritis be unaware of? - answer-They can be
totally unaware of the condition or may complain only of heartburn or sour stomach.
What symptoms are associated with gastritis from excessive alcohol consumption? -
answer-It often causes transient gastric distress, which may lead to vomiting and, in
more severe situations, to bleeding and hematemesis.
What is the onset time for gastritis caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins? - answer-It
usually has an abrupt and violent onset, with gastric distress and vomiting occurring
approximately 5 hours after ingestion of contaminated food.
Is acute gastritis a self-limiting disorder? - answer-Yes, acute gastritis is usually a self-
limiting disorder, with complete regeneration and healing occurring within several days
of removal of the inciting agent.
What is the primary treatment for celiac disease? - answer-Removal of gluten and
related proteins from the diet.
, What grains contain gluten? - answer-Wheat, barley, and rye.
Can oat products be safe for people with celiac disease? - answer-Oat products are
nontoxic but may be contaminated with wheat during processing.
What types of products are available for those on a gluten-free diet? - answer-Many
gluten-free types of bread, cereals, cookies, and other products.
Which food groups are generally free of gluten? - answer-Meats, vegetables, fruits, and
dairy products.
What is the result of complete exclusion of dietary gluten for celiac disease patients? -
answer-Rapid and complete healing of the intestinal mucosa.
What is the major cause of prehepatic jaundice? - answer-Excessive hemolysis of red
blood cells.
What occurs during hemolytic jaundice? - answer-Red blood cells are destroyed at a
rate exceeding the liver's ability to remove bilirubin from the blood.
What can cause hemolytic jaundice following a blood transfusion? - answer-The
decreased lifespan of the donated red blood cells.
What is hereditary spherocytosis? - answer-A condition where red cell membranes are
defective, leading to hemolytic jaundice.
What is hemolytic disease of the newborn? - answer-A condition that can lead to
excessive bilirubin production in newborns.
