NUR 529 Exam 3 Medical Conditions and Diagnostics Complete
Study Guide 2026 | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. Describe how hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) leads to dehydration
in the body.
HHS stimulates the thirst mechanism, preventing dehydration.
HHS causes high blood glucose levels, leading to osmotic diuresis
and subsequent loss of fluids.
HHS causes the kidneys to retain glucose, leading to fluid retention.
HHS increases insulin production, which retains fluid in the body.
2. What are the primary hormones produced by the adrenal gland?
Cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline
Estrogen and testosterone
Thyroxine and calcitonin
Insulin and glucagon
3. What is the most common means of transmission for hepatitis C?
Sharing needles for illegal injection drug use
Sexual intercourse
Coughs and sneezes from an infected person
Mosquitoes
4. If a patient has a disrupted intestinal flora due to antibiotic use, what
potential deficiency might they experience?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
, Vitamin K deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency
5. What is the primary cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia?
An autoimmune reaction against adrenal glands
A genetic mutation affecting adrenal hormone production
A viral infection of the adrenal cortex
A deficiency of dietary minerals
6. Which can cause transmission of Hepatitis B
needle sharing
blood transfusion
plasma transfusion
homosexual activity
all of the above
7. Describe the role of the anterior pituitary gland in the endocrine system.
The anterior pituitary gland only produces hormones related to stress
response.
The anterior pituitary gland primarily stores hormones produced by
the hypothalamus.
The anterior pituitary gland is responsible for detoxifying hormones in
the bloodstream.
The anterior pituitary gland regulates various physiological
processes by releasing hormones that control growth, metabolism,
, and reproductive functions.
8. Which vitamin produced by intestinal flora is crucial for blood clotting?
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Vitamin K
9. Describe the significance of the growth hormone suppression test in
diagnosing acromegaly.
The growth hormone suppression test assesses insulin levels in the
body.
The growth hormone suppression test determines cortisol levels in the
blood.
The growth hormone suppression test evaluates thyroid hormone
production.
The growth hormone suppression test measures how well the body
regulates growth hormone levels, which is crucial for diagnosing
acromegaly.
10. If a patient with Addison's disease experiences increased fatigue and low
blood pressure, what should be the immediate course of action?
Ignore the symptoms as they will resolve on their own.
Consult a healthcare provider for potential treatment adjustments.
Self-medicate with over-the-counter supplements.
Increase physical activity to combat fatigue.
, 11. Celiac disease is caused by...
An autoimmune response, triggered by gluten, in which the immune
system attacks cells of the small intestine.
A lack of digestive enzymes to break down wheat proteins.
The immune system producing antibodies that attack wheat as if it was
an invading pathogen.
12. Describe the primary modes of transmission for Hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through contact with infectious
body fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal secretions.
Hepatitis B is transmitted via insect bites.
Hepatitis B is spread through respiratory droplets.
Hepatitis B is transmitted through contaminated food and water.
13. What is the main hormone associated with the regulation of appetite and
satiety?
Insulin
Ghrelin
Leptin
Glucagon
14. Which medication can irritate the mucosal lining of the gastric system?
NSAIDS
PPI
H2 receptor blockers
Study Guide 2026 | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. Describe how hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) leads to dehydration
in the body.
HHS stimulates the thirst mechanism, preventing dehydration.
HHS causes high blood glucose levels, leading to osmotic diuresis
and subsequent loss of fluids.
HHS causes the kidneys to retain glucose, leading to fluid retention.
HHS increases insulin production, which retains fluid in the body.
2. What are the primary hormones produced by the adrenal gland?
Cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline
Estrogen and testosterone
Thyroxine and calcitonin
Insulin and glucagon
3. What is the most common means of transmission for hepatitis C?
Sharing needles for illegal injection drug use
Sexual intercourse
Coughs and sneezes from an infected person
Mosquitoes
4. If a patient has a disrupted intestinal flora due to antibiotic use, what
potential deficiency might they experience?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
, Vitamin K deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency
5. What is the primary cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia?
An autoimmune reaction against adrenal glands
A genetic mutation affecting adrenal hormone production
A viral infection of the adrenal cortex
A deficiency of dietary minerals
6. Which can cause transmission of Hepatitis B
needle sharing
blood transfusion
plasma transfusion
homosexual activity
all of the above
7. Describe the role of the anterior pituitary gland in the endocrine system.
The anterior pituitary gland only produces hormones related to stress
response.
The anterior pituitary gland primarily stores hormones produced by
the hypothalamus.
The anterior pituitary gland is responsible for detoxifying hormones in
the bloodstream.
The anterior pituitary gland regulates various physiological
processes by releasing hormones that control growth, metabolism,
, and reproductive functions.
8. Which vitamin produced by intestinal flora is crucial for blood clotting?
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Vitamin K
9. Describe the significance of the growth hormone suppression test in
diagnosing acromegaly.
The growth hormone suppression test assesses insulin levels in the
body.
The growth hormone suppression test determines cortisol levels in the
blood.
The growth hormone suppression test evaluates thyroid hormone
production.
The growth hormone suppression test measures how well the body
regulates growth hormone levels, which is crucial for diagnosing
acromegaly.
10. If a patient with Addison's disease experiences increased fatigue and low
blood pressure, what should be the immediate course of action?
Ignore the symptoms as they will resolve on their own.
Consult a healthcare provider for potential treatment adjustments.
Self-medicate with over-the-counter supplements.
Increase physical activity to combat fatigue.
, 11. Celiac disease is caused by...
An autoimmune response, triggered by gluten, in which the immune
system attacks cells of the small intestine.
A lack of digestive enzymes to break down wheat proteins.
The immune system producing antibodies that attack wheat as if it was
an invading pathogen.
12. Describe the primary modes of transmission for Hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through contact with infectious
body fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal secretions.
Hepatitis B is transmitted via insect bites.
Hepatitis B is spread through respiratory droplets.
Hepatitis B is transmitted through contaminated food and water.
13. What is the main hormone associated with the regulation of appetite and
satiety?
Insulin
Ghrelin
Leptin
Glucagon
14. Which medication can irritate the mucosal lining of the gastric system?
NSAIDS
PPI
H2 receptor blockers
