GUIDE | PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH
NURSE PRACTITIONER BOARD EXAM PREP
& PRACTICE QUESTIONS| GRADED A+
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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,Medicare Part D coverage Prescription drug coverage
Medicare Part D Cost Varies depending on how extensive drug benefit is. Different plans have different
benefits.
Medigap Plans Fill gaps in coverage that occur with Medicare
Medicare Advantage Plan Will likely eliminate need for medigap insurance?
Medicaid Eligibility Automatic coverage not guaranteed except for poor pregnant women and
children. States can refuse to cover adults/head of households who lose
Temporary Assistance to Needy Families d/t refusal to work. Generally covers
poor people.
Medicaid funding Federal + state. States determine how much they want to pay in, different states
have different qualities of Medicaid
HMO Four components: Enrolled population, prepayment of premiums, coverage of
comprehensive medical svcs, centralization of medical and hospital svcs
Closed-panel HMO Specific providers identified by plan to provide the medical services to members.
Staff can be salaried by HMO or an agency/group contracted by the HMO.
Open-panel HMO Network HMO, Individual Practice Association, Point of Service Plans
Network HMO HMO contracts with more than one group of practices
Individual Practice Association Insurance coverage. Contract with an association of physicians to provide
services to members
Point of Service (POS) and Preferred Provider Insurance coverage. Patients allowed to self-refer to specialist but pay higher
Organizations (PPOs) premium to do so. POS requires PCP is gatekeeper but pt can see a provider
outside of HMO for more $$. PPOs contract to a selected group of participating
providers and give discount for using a selected group of providers. Financial risk
held by insurer in PPO, held by providers in POS
Managed indemnity Traditional model insurance coverage.. Pre-certification, catastrophic case
management, minimal contract arrangement with providers. Provider groups and
health plans can use quality control, utilization review, bundling of services,
incentives for health behaviors. MUST seek National Committee on Quality
Assurance (NCQA) accreditation
, Licensure Member of profession is granted ability to practice
Accreditation Formal review and approval by a recognized agency of
educational degree or certification programs in nursing or nursing-related
programs.
Certification Tests knowledge, skills, abilities for entry into practice. Formal recognition of the
knowledge, skills, and experience
demonstrated by the achievement of standards identified by the profession
Education Formal preparation of APRNs in graduate degree-granting or postgraduate
certificate programs
Factors facilitating NP growth Demand for svcs, acceptance of role, emphasis on integrated healthcare svcs,
emergence of PMHNP and decreasing stigmatization
Factors constraining NP growth Growth competition, reimbursement struggles, overlapping scopes with other
NPs, concerns about reimbursement fraud/abuse, scope of practice requiring
physician supervision/collab
Exceptions to confidentiality Information given to attorneys involved in litigation, records to insurance
companies, answering court orders, mandatory state reporting, harm to self or
others or child/elder abuse, determined need for info outweighs principle of
confidentiality
Deontological Theory Action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself regardless of the
consequences
Teleological Theory An action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence or outcome
Virtue Ethics Actions are chosen based on moral virtues (honesty, courage, compassion, etc) or
the character of the person making the decision