NURSING NUTRITION & NUTRITIONAL
CARE: CHAPTERS 23 & 24 COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 | PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, RATIONALES & CHEAT SHEET
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,Complete Proteins Contain ALL 9 essential amino acids (animal
sources + soy)
Incomplete Proteins Missing one or more essential amino acids (plant
sources)
Essential Amino Acids 9 amino acids the body CANNOT produce — must
come from food
Nitrogen Balance Equilibrium between nitrogen ingested vs. nitrogen
excreted
Body Mass Index (BMI) Formula using height and weight to estimate body
fatness
Antioxidant Substance that neutralizes free radicals, preventing
cell damage
Protein 4 kcal/g
Carbohydrates 4 kcal/g
Fat 9 kcal/g ← Twice as much as protein & carbs!
, Added sugars < 10% of total daily calories
Saturated fats < 10% of total daily calories
Sodium < 2,300 mg/day
Alcohol ≤ 1 drink/day (women); ≤ 2 drinks/day (men)
MyPlate Summary ½ plate = fruits and vegetables (veggies > fruits); ½
plate = grains and protein (grains > protein); Small
serving of low-fat dairy on the side
Calories listed Calories listed in large, bold font
Serving sizes Serving sizes reflect typical consumption
Vitamin D, calcium, iron, and Listed by actual amounts AND daily % — because
potassium Americans are commonly deficient in these four
nutrients
Salivary amylase Begins breaking down carbohydrates and fat
Peristalsis Moves food toward stomach
CARE: CHAPTERS 23 & 24 COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 | PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, RATIONALES & CHEAT SHEET
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,Complete Proteins Contain ALL 9 essential amino acids (animal
sources + soy)
Incomplete Proteins Missing one or more essential amino acids (plant
sources)
Essential Amino Acids 9 amino acids the body CANNOT produce — must
come from food
Nitrogen Balance Equilibrium between nitrogen ingested vs. nitrogen
excreted
Body Mass Index (BMI) Formula using height and weight to estimate body
fatness
Antioxidant Substance that neutralizes free radicals, preventing
cell damage
Protein 4 kcal/g
Carbohydrates 4 kcal/g
Fat 9 kcal/g ← Twice as much as protein & carbs!
, Added sugars < 10% of total daily calories
Saturated fats < 10% of total daily calories
Sodium < 2,300 mg/day
Alcohol ≤ 1 drink/day (women); ≤ 2 drinks/day (men)
MyPlate Summary ½ plate = fruits and vegetables (veggies > fruits); ½
plate = grains and protein (grains > protein); Small
serving of low-fat dairy on the side
Calories listed Calories listed in large, bold font
Serving sizes Serving sizes reflect typical consumption
Vitamin D, calcium, iron, and Listed by actual amounts AND daily % — because
potassium Americans are commonly deficient in these four
nutrients
Salivary amylase Begins breaking down carbohydrates and fat
Peristalsis Moves food toward stomach
