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Pharmacology I Exam 1
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Johns Hopkins University
School of Nursing
HIGH YIELDS QUESTIONS
NEWEST MODEL 2026 EXAM LATEST
VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Exam
, Page 2 of 72
A medication binds to a receptor and produces maximal receptor activation.
This
medication is classified as:
a. Antagonist
b. Competitive antagonist
c. Partial agonist
d. Full agonist
d. Full agonist
A full agonist binds to a receptor and possesses high intrinsic activity, enabling it to
trigger a signal transduction pathway that produces the maximal possible
biological response (\(E_{max}\)) of that system
Acetaminophen combined with codeine produces an effect greater than either
drug
alone. This interaction is known as:
a. Antagonism
b. Incompatibility
c. Potentiation
d. Synergism
e. Bioavailability
d. Synergism
This drug interaction occurs when two or more drugs interact to produce a combined
pharmacological effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
A patient develops hypoglycemia after receiving too much insulin. This
adverse reaction is most consistent with:
a. Type A reaction
b. Type B reaction
c. Idiosyncratic reaction
d. Allergic reaction
e. Black box warning
a. Type A reaction
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since its a predictable, dose-related adverse event that is an exaggeration of the
drug's known pharmacological effect
A 74-year-old woman with CKD develops elevated vancomycin levels after
standard
dosing. Which pharmacokinetic principle best explains this finding?
a. Increased bioavailability
b. Increased distribution
c. Decreased clearance
d. Increased efficacy
e. Increased potency
c. Decreased clearance
In patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), renal function is impaired, which
leads to a reduction in the body's ability to eliminate the drug.
A patient is prescribed a medication with a half-life of 12 hours. Approximately
when will
the drug reach steady state?
a. 12 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 36 hours
d. 48-60 hours
e. 7 days
d. 48–60 hours
A medication typically takes about 4 to 5 half-lives to reach a steady-state
concentration (where the rate of drug administration equals the rate of clearance)
A prescription reads:
Amoxicillin 500 mg PO TID x 10 days
How many times per day should the patient take the medication?
a. Once daily
b. Twice daily
c. Three times daily
d. Four times daily
e. Every other day
c. Three times daily
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TID (or tid) stands for ter in die, which is Latin for "three times a day". Therefore, "PO
TID" means the medication should be taken orally three times a day. [1]
A patient is prescribed a drug that binds to beta-1 receptors in the heart and
increases heart rate and contractility. The drug is classified as a:
a. Antagonist
b. Competitive antagonist
c. Agonist
d. Noncompetitive antagonist
e. Partial antagonist
c. Agonist
In pharmacology, an agonist is a drug or substance that binds to a specific
receptor—in this case, beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart—and activates it to
produce a biological response. Since beta-1 receptor stimulation naturally leads to
an increase in both heart rate (positive chronotropy) and contractility (positive
inotropy), a drug that causes this effect is acting as an agonist. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
A medication binds to a receptor but produces no physiologic response. It
prevents the endogenous ligand from activating the receptor. This drug is best
classified as:
A. Antagonist
B. Partial agonist
C. Full agonist
D. Synergist
A. Antagonist
An antagonist possesses affinity (the ability to bind to the receptor) but has zero
intrinsic activity or efficacy
A 72-year-old woman is prescribed diazepam for anxiety. Two weeks later, she
reports
excessive daytime drowsiness and difficulty staying awake. Which
pharmacokinetic principle best explains why older adults are more susceptible
to prolonged sedation from this medication?
A. Increased renal clearance
B. Increased hepatic metabolism
C. Increased protein binding
D. Increased body fat leading to a larger volume of distribution
Pharmacology I Exam 1
Download now
Johns Hopkins University
School of Nursing
HIGH YIELDS QUESTIONS
NEWEST MODEL 2026 EXAM LATEST
VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100 %
Exam
, Page 2 of 72
A medication binds to a receptor and produces maximal receptor activation.
This
medication is classified as:
a. Antagonist
b. Competitive antagonist
c. Partial agonist
d. Full agonist
d. Full agonist
A full agonist binds to a receptor and possesses high intrinsic activity, enabling it to
trigger a signal transduction pathway that produces the maximal possible
biological response (\(E_{max}\)) of that system
Acetaminophen combined with codeine produces an effect greater than either
drug
alone. This interaction is known as:
a. Antagonism
b. Incompatibility
c. Potentiation
d. Synergism
e. Bioavailability
d. Synergism
This drug interaction occurs when two or more drugs interact to produce a combined
pharmacological effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
A patient develops hypoglycemia after receiving too much insulin. This
adverse reaction is most consistent with:
a. Type A reaction
b. Type B reaction
c. Idiosyncratic reaction
d. Allergic reaction
e. Black box warning
a. Type A reaction
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since its a predictable, dose-related adverse event that is an exaggeration of the
drug's known pharmacological effect
A 74-year-old woman with CKD develops elevated vancomycin levels after
standard
dosing. Which pharmacokinetic principle best explains this finding?
a. Increased bioavailability
b. Increased distribution
c. Decreased clearance
d. Increased efficacy
e. Increased potency
c. Decreased clearance
In patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), renal function is impaired, which
leads to a reduction in the body's ability to eliminate the drug.
A patient is prescribed a medication with a half-life of 12 hours. Approximately
when will
the drug reach steady state?
a. 12 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 36 hours
d. 48-60 hours
e. 7 days
d. 48–60 hours
A medication typically takes about 4 to 5 half-lives to reach a steady-state
concentration (where the rate of drug administration equals the rate of clearance)
A prescription reads:
Amoxicillin 500 mg PO TID x 10 days
How many times per day should the patient take the medication?
a. Once daily
b. Twice daily
c. Three times daily
d. Four times daily
e. Every other day
c. Three times daily
, Page 4 of 72
TID (or tid) stands for ter in die, which is Latin for "three times a day". Therefore, "PO
TID" means the medication should be taken orally three times a day. [1]
A patient is prescribed a drug that binds to beta-1 receptors in the heart and
increases heart rate and contractility. The drug is classified as a:
a. Antagonist
b. Competitive antagonist
c. Agonist
d. Noncompetitive antagonist
e. Partial antagonist
c. Agonist
In pharmacology, an agonist is a drug or substance that binds to a specific
receptor—in this case, beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart—and activates it to
produce a biological response. Since beta-1 receptor stimulation naturally leads to
an increase in both heart rate (positive chronotropy) and contractility (positive
inotropy), a drug that causes this effect is acting as an agonist. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
A medication binds to a receptor but produces no physiologic response. It
prevents the endogenous ligand from activating the receptor. This drug is best
classified as:
A. Antagonist
B. Partial agonist
C. Full agonist
D. Synergist
A. Antagonist
An antagonist possesses affinity (the ability to bind to the receptor) but has zero
intrinsic activity or efficacy
A 72-year-old woman is prescribed diazepam for anxiety. Two weeks later, she
reports
excessive daytime drowsiness and difficulty staying awake. Which
pharmacokinetic principle best explains why older adults are more susceptible
to prolonged sedation from this medication?
A. Increased renal clearance
B. Increased hepatic metabolism
C. Increased protein binding
D. Increased body fat leading to a larger volume of distribution
