BKAT ICU POST TEST CERTIFICATION
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ A person calls to to say she adopted a friend's dog and requests a copy of the
dog's medical record and radiographs. The former owner is a client at your
clinic. Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate action to
take? A - Require original owner consent or court order to release
informationB - Give caller a copy of medical record onlyC - Give caller a
copy of medical record and radiographs D - After physical exam, start a new
medical record documenting previous issuesE - Give a summarized record
with personal identifiers (vet, owner names) blocked out.
Answer: AAccording to the AVMA's Principles of Veterinary Medical
Ethics (2008 revision)"Ethically, the information within veterinary medical
records is considered privileged and confidential. It must not be released
except by court order or consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians
should secure a written release to document that request."
◍ A 5 year old domestic short-haired spayed female cat is presented with the
complaints of anorexia, chronic vomiting, and weight loss.Physical
examination reveals icterus, dehydration, and fever. Thickened small
intestinal loops are appreciated with abdominal palpation, and serum
biochemistry shows increased bilirubin and liver enzymes.The cat is
diagnosed with extrahepatic biliary obstruction with accompanying
cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Which one of the following
normal anatomic features may predispose cats to this triad of diseases?A -
Narrowing of the duodenum distal to the entry of the common bile and
pancreatic ductsB - Common opening of the pancreatic and common bile
ducts into duodenumC - Enlarged duodenal papilla in comparison to other
, speciesD - Decreased proportion of alpha-smooth muscle actin in muscle
fibers of the wall of the gall bladder in catsE - Decreased diameter and
increased branching of the hepatic ducts in comparison to other species.
Answer: BIn cats, there is a common opening of the pancreatic and common
bile ducts into the duodenum. It is thought that this may predispose them to
ascending cholangitis and pancreatitis after vomiting associated with
inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in extrahepatic biliary
obstruction.Other possible etiologies of EHBO include neoplasia, biliary
stricture, duodenal obstruction, diaphragmatic hernia, and parasitic
infection.In all cases, there is a lack of bile entry into the intestinal tract,
leading to decreased absorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins such as
vitamin K, potentially resulting in coagulopathies.Except in transient cases
that are related to acute pancreatitis, surgical intervention to relieve the
obstruction is required as well as appropriate supportive care, antimicrobial
treatment, and vitamin K administration.
◍ Most of a litter of European wild boar at a zoological park have died. The
surviving piglets are in lateral recumbency with a frothy nasal discharge.
Necropsy of the piglets reveals pulmonary edema and copious fluid in the
trachea and bronchi along with grayish- white necrotic foci on the
myocardium. Which one of the following diseases is the most likely
diagnosis?A - Edema diseaseB - EncephalomyocarditisC - Glasser's
DiseaseD - Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive SyndromeE -
Pseudorabies.
Answer: BEncephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a cardiovirus
in the family picornaviridae. Confusingly, the virus is named for its effects
on mice.Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV. Pig-to-pig
contact, contamination of swine feed and water by rodents or ingestion of
dead rodents may cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious
transudate in the respiratory tract, causing cardiac failure. Zoo outbreaks of
EMCV have included lions, African elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths,
llamas, antelope and nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a
Florida zoo in the USA occurred after feeding them the carcass of an
, African elephant that had died of EMCV.Edema disease is a neurologic
disease caused by a hemolytic Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxin e2 and
F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-weaned pigs.Glasser's
Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is usually an acute disease of 6 to 8
week-old pigs which causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and
meningitis.Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), is an
arterivirus causing reproductive failure and post-weaning respiratory
disease.
◍ What is the main mode of transmission for feline leukemia virus?A -
Aerosol transmissionB - Shedding of virus via fecesC - Fomite
transmissionD - Shedding of virus via saliva.
Answer: DThe correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The main
mode of transmission is via saliva. It requires prolonged, close contact. Cats
may shed the virus for months to years. Transmission may also occur
through reuse of instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva, tears, urine,
and feces.
◍ 1. Treat the underlying cause 2. Topical corticosteroids (Pred acetate) 3.
Topical mydriatic (Atropine) 4. Oral steroid (ONLY if negative for
infectious disease).
Answer: What is the treatment protocol for a cat with anterior uveitis?
◍ You are working with a farmer who is having trouble with calves between
the age of 2 weeks and 6 months. They are alert, but weak, dyspneic and die
suddenly. On necropsy they have pale cardiac and skeletal muscles. What is
the farmer's problem?A - Copper deficiencyB - Sorghum toxicityC -
Lightning strikeD - Selenium deficiency.
Answer: DThe correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale muscle and
clinical signs are classic for vitamin E and selenium deficiency. This is
important to remember! Other things that should be on your differential list
for this case include cardiotoxic plants.
◍ A 6-year old intact male domestic short haired cat presents with acute onset
exophthalmos of the right eye in the past 2 days. He is painful on palpation
, around his eye and head. The eye can be retropulsed with minimal
resistance. He has not been eating in the past day and has a rectal
temperature of 103.4F (39.7 C). What is the most likely diagnosis?A -
Orbital neoplasiaB - Retrobulbar abscess C - Anterior uveitis D - Glaucoma.
Answer: BThe answer is a retrobulbar abscess. Acute, painful exophthalmos
is usually due to retrobulbar abscessation. These lesions are usually painful
and may be swollen. These animals are frequently systemically ill with fever
and leukocytosis. Causes of retrobulbar abscesses include penetrating
wounds, foreign bodies, spread from dental or sinus infection, and
hematogenous spread. Glaucoma does not cause exophthalmos, although,
chronically it can cause buphthalmos which may appear similar. Anterior
uveitis also does not cause exophthalmos.
◍ Type 1.
Answer: Atopy is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
◍ You are an associate veterinarian paid a base salary of $55,000 annually,
plus a 8 % bonus based on receipts above your monthly production goal of
$23,000. Bonuses are paid quarterly. Your last three month's production
were:$23,000, $28,000, and $27,000.How much is your quarterly bonus?A -
$670B - $840C - $720D - $810E - $900.
Answer: C $720If $23,000 is the monthly production goal, then the month
you brought in $23,000 does not count towards a bonus.In the second
month, $ 28,000 = $5000 above goalIn the third month $ 27,000 = $4000
above goalTotal above production goal = $5000+$4000= $9000$9000 X
(0.08 bonus rate) = $720.Many practices use a combination system with a
base salary and a production-based bonus if you bring in more than a
monthly production goal, but no penalty if you are below that monthly goal,
which is good if you are a new graduate, and helps in low traffic months at
the clinic.
◍ A 10-year old female spayed Siamese cat presents for a new lump the owner
found a month ago. She was spayed last year before she was adopted from
the shelter. The owner states that the lump has grown over the last month,
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ A person calls to to say she adopted a friend's dog and requests a copy of the
dog's medical record and radiographs. The former owner is a client at your
clinic. Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate action to
take? A - Require original owner consent or court order to release
informationB - Give caller a copy of medical record onlyC - Give caller a
copy of medical record and radiographs D - After physical exam, start a new
medical record documenting previous issuesE - Give a summarized record
with personal identifiers (vet, owner names) blocked out.
Answer: AAccording to the AVMA's Principles of Veterinary Medical
Ethics (2008 revision)"Ethically, the information within veterinary medical
records is considered privileged and confidential. It must not be released
except by court order or consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians
should secure a written release to document that request."
◍ A 5 year old domestic short-haired spayed female cat is presented with the
complaints of anorexia, chronic vomiting, and weight loss.Physical
examination reveals icterus, dehydration, and fever. Thickened small
intestinal loops are appreciated with abdominal palpation, and serum
biochemistry shows increased bilirubin and liver enzymes.The cat is
diagnosed with extrahepatic biliary obstruction with accompanying
cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Which one of the following
normal anatomic features may predispose cats to this triad of diseases?A -
Narrowing of the duodenum distal to the entry of the common bile and
pancreatic ductsB - Common opening of the pancreatic and common bile
ducts into duodenumC - Enlarged duodenal papilla in comparison to other
, speciesD - Decreased proportion of alpha-smooth muscle actin in muscle
fibers of the wall of the gall bladder in catsE - Decreased diameter and
increased branching of the hepatic ducts in comparison to other species.
Answer: BIn cats, there is a common opening of the pancreatic and common
bile ducts into the duodenum. It is thought that this may predispose them to
ascending cholangitis and pancreatitis after vomiting associated with
inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in extrahepatic biliary
obstruction.Other possible etiologies of EHBO include neoplasia, biliary
stricture, duodenal obstruction, diaphragmatic hernia, and parasitic
infection.In all cases, there is a lack of bile entry into the intestinal tract,
leading to decreased absorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins such as
vitamin K, potentially resulting in coagulopathies.Except in transient cases
that are related to acute pancreatitis, surgical intervention to relieve the
obstruction is required as well as appropriate supportive care, antimicrobial
treatment, and vitamin K administration.
◍ Most of a litter of European wild boar at a zoological park have died. The
surviving piglets are in lateral recumbency with a frothy nasal discharge.
Necropsy of the piglets reveals pulmonary edema and copious fluid in the
trachea and bronchi along with grayish- white necrotic foci on the
myocardium. Which one of the following diseases is the most likely
diagnosis?A - Edema diseaseB - EncephalomyocarditisC - Glasser's
DiseaseD - Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive SyndromeE -
Pseudorabies.
Answer: BEncephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a cardiovirus
in the family picornaviridae. Confusingly, the virus is named for its effects
on mice.Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV. Pig-to-pig
contact, contamination of swine feed and water by rodents or ingestion of
dead rodents may cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious
transudate in the respiratory tract, causing cardiac failure. Zoo outbreaks of
EMCV have included lions, African elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths,
llamas, antelope and nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a
Florida zoo in the USA occurred after feeding them the carcass of an
, African elephant that had died of EMCV.Edema disease is a neurologic
disease caused by a hemolytic Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxin e2 and
F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-weaned pigs.Glasser's
Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is usually an acute disease of 6 to 8
week-old pigs which causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and
meningitis.Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), is an
arterivirus causing reproductive failure and post-weaning respiratory
disease.
◍ What is the main mode of transmission for feline leukemia virus?A -
Aerosol transmissionB - Shedding of virus via fecesC - Fomite
transmissionD - Shedding of virus via saliva.
Answer: DThe correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The main
mode of transmission is via saliva. It requires prolonged, close contact. Cats
may shed the virus for months to years. Transmission may also occur
through reuse of instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva, tears, urine,
and feces.
◍ 1. Treat the underlying cause 2. Topical corticosteroids (Pred acetate) 3.
Topical mydriatic (Atropine) 4. Oral steroid (ONLY if negative for
infectious disease).
Answer: What is the treatment protocol for a cat with anterior uveitis?
◍ You are working with a farmer who is having trouble with calves between
the age of 2 weeks and 6 months. They are alert, but weak, dyspneic and die
suddenly. On necropsy they have pale cardiac and skeletal muscles. What is
the farmer's problem?A - Copper deficiencyB - Sorghum toxicityC -
Lightning strikeD - Selenium deficiency.
Answer: DThe correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale muscle and
clinical signs are classic for vitamin E and selenium deficiency. This is
important to remember! Other things that should be on your differential list
for this case include cardiotoxic plants.
◍ A 6-year old intact male domestic short haired cat presents with acute onset
exophthalmos of the right eye in the past 2 days. He is painful on palpation
, around his eye and head. The eye can be retropulsed with minimal
resistance. He has not been eating in the past day and has a rectal
temperature of 103.4F (39.7 C). What is the most likely diagnosis?A -
Orbital neoplasiaB - Retrobulbar abscess C - Anterior uveitis D - Glaucoma.
Answer: BThe answer is a retrobulbar abscess. Acute, painful exophthalmos
is usually due to retrobulbar abscessation. These lesions are usually painful
and may be swollen. These animals are frequently systemically ill with fever
and leukocytosis. Causes of retrobulbar abscesses include penetrating
wounds, foreign bodies, spread from dental or sinus infection, and
hematogenous spread. Glaucoma does not cause exophthalmos, although,
chronically it can cause buphthalmos which may appear similar. Anterior
uveitis also does not cause exophthalmos.
◍ Type 1.
Answer: Atopy is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
◍ You are an associate veterinarian paid a base salary of $55,000 annually,
plus a 8 % bonus based on receipts above your monthly production goal of
$23,000. Bonuses are paid quarterly. Your last three month's production
were:$23,000, $28,000, and $27,000.How much is your quarterly bonus?A -
$670B - $840C - $720D - $810E - $900.
Answer: C $720If $23,000 is the monthly production goal, then the month
you brought in $23,000 does not count towards a bonus.In the second
month, $ 28,000 = $5000 above goalIn the third month $ 27,000 = $4000
above goalTotal above production goal = $5000+$4000= $9000$9000 X
(0.08 bonus rate) = $720.Many practices use a combination system with a
base salary and a production-based bonus if you bring in more than a
monthly production goal, but no penalty if you are below that monthly goal,
which is good if you are a new graduate, and helps in low traffic months at
the clinic.
◍ A 10-year old female spayed Siamese cat presents for a new lump the owner
found a month ago. She was spayed last year before she was adopted from
the shelter. The owner states that the lump has grown over the last month,
