Chp 13: Michael asks you about why some drugs are over-the-counter and some are prescription. You
explain that in order for a drug to be approved for over-the-counter use the drug must: - perfect
answers-Be safe and labeled for appropriate use
-Have a low potential for abuse or misuse
-Be taken for a condition the patient can reliably self-diagnose
Chp 13: In the United States, over-the-counter drugs are regulated by: - perfect answersThe U.S. Food
and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Chp 13: As drugs near the end of their patent, pharmaceutical companies may apply for the drug to
change to over-the-counter status in order to: - perfect answersContinue to make large profits from
their blockbuster brand-name drug
Chp 13: True or False? New over-the-counter drug ingredients must undergo the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration New Drug Application process, just as prescription drugs do. - perfect answersTrue
Chp 13: The ailment that generates the greatest over-the-counter annual drug sales is: - perfect
answersCough and colds
Chp 13: Common over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen: - perfect
answersAre harmful if taken in higher than recommended amounts
Chp 13: When obtaining a drug history from Harold, he gives you a complete list of his prescription
medications. He denies taking any other drugs, but you find that he occasionally takes aspirin for his
arthritis flare ups. This is an example of: - perfect answersA common misconception that intermittently
taken over-the counter medications are not an important part of his drug history
,Chp 13: The Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, which is part of the 2006 U.S. Patriot Act: -
perfect answersRestricts the sales of drugs that contain methamphetamine precursors, including a daily
and 30-day limit on sales
Chp 13: When prescribing a tetracycline or quinolone antibiotic it is critical to instruct the patient: -
perfect answersNot to take antacids while on these medications, as the antacid decreases absorption
Chp 40: Because primary hypertension has no identifiable cause, treatment is based on interfering with
the physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics treat hypertension
because they: - perfect answersDeplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
Chp 40: Because of its action on various body systems, the patient taking a thiazide or loop diuretic may
also need to receive the following supplement: - perfect answersPotassium
Chp 40: All patients with hypertension benefit from diuretic therapy, but those who benefit the most
are: - perfect answersAfrican-Americans
Chp 40: Beta blockers treat hypertension because they: - perfect answersReduce peripheral resistance
Chp 40: Which of the following disease processes could be made worse by taking a nonselective beta
blocker? - perfect answers-Asthma
-Diabetes
Chp 40: Disease states in addition to hypertension in which beta blockade is a compelling indication for
the use of beta blockers include: - perfect answersMyocardial infarction
Chp 40: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors treat hypertension because they: - perfect
answers-Reduce sodium and water retention
-Decrease vasoconstriction
-Increase vasodilation
Chp 40: Compelling indications for an ACE inhibitor as treatment for hypertension based on clinical trials
includes: - perfect answersRenal parenchymal disease
,Chp 40: An ACE inhibitor and what other class of drug may reduce proteinuria in patients with diabetes
better than either drug alone? - perfect answersNondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
Chp 40: If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be added as a
second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents? - perfect answersDiuretics
Chp 40: Treatment costs are important for patients with hypertension. Which of the following
statements about cost is NOT true? - perfect answersFew antihypertensive drugs come in generic
formulations.
Chp 40: Caffeine, exercise, and smoking should be avoided for at least how many minutes before blood
pressure measurement? - perfect answers30 minutes
Chp 40: Blood pressure checks in children: - perfect answersShould be done during every health-care
visit after 3 years of age
Chp 40: Lack of adherence to blood pressure management is very common. Reasons for this lack of
adherence include: - perfect answers-Lifestyle changes are difficult to achieve and maintain.
-Adverse drug reactions are common and often fall into the categories more associated with
nonadherence.
-Costs of drugs and monitoring with laboratory tests can be expensive.
Chp 40: Lifestyle modifications for patients with prehypertension or hypertension include: - perfect
answersAdopt the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet.
Chp 40: Which diuretic agents typically do not need potassium supplementation? - perfect answersThe
aldosterone inhibitors
Chp 40: Aldactone family medications are frequently used when the hypertensive patient also has: -
perfect answersAdvancing liver dysfunction
, Chp 40: Hypertensive African Americans are typically listed as not being as responsive to which drug
groups? - perfect answersACE inhibitors
Chp 40: What educational points concerning fluid intake must be covered with diuretic prescriptions? -
perfect answersFluid intake should remain near normal for optimal performance.
Chp 40: What is a common side effect concern with hypertensive medications and all individuals, but
especially the elderly? - perfect answersRisk of falls
Chp 39: The overall goal of treating hyperlipidemia is: - perfect answersTo reduce atherogenesis
Chp 39: When considering which cholesterol-lowering drug to prescribe, which factor determines the
type and intensity of treatment? - perfect answersCoronary artery disease risk level
Chp 39: First-line therapy for hyperlipidemia is: - perfect answersLifestyle Changes
Chp 39: James is a 45-year-old patient with an LDL level of 120 and normal triglycerides. Appropriate
first-line therapy for James may include diet counseling, increased physical activity, and: - perfect
answersSterols
Chp 39: Joanne is a 60-year-old patient with an LDL of 132 and a family history of coronary artery
disease. She has already tried diet changes (increased fiber and plant sterols) to lower her LDL and after
6 months her LDL is slightly higher. The next step in her treatment would be: - perfect answersA statin
Chp 39: Sharlene is a 65-year-old patient who has been on a lipid-lowering diet and using plant sterol
margarine daily for the past 3 months. Her LDL is 135 mg/dL. An appropriate treatment for her would
be: - perfect answersDetermined by her risk factors
Chp 39: Phil is a 54-year-old male with multiple risk factors who has been on a high-dose statin for 3
months to treat his high LDL level. His LDL is 135 mg/dL and his triglycerides are elevated. A reasonable
change in therapy would be to: - perfect answersContinue the statin and add in ezetimibe.
explain that in order for a drug to be approved for over-the-counter use the drug must: - perfect
answers-Be safe and labeled for appropriate use
-Have a low potential for abuse or misuse
-Be taken for a condition the patient can reliably self-diagnose
Chp 13: In the United States, over-the-counter drugs are regulated by: - perfect answersThe U.S. Food
and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Chp 13: As drugs near the end of their patent, pharmaceutical companies may apply for the drug to
change to over-the-counter status in order to: - perfect answersContinue to make large profits from
their blockbuster brand-name drug
Chp 13: True or False? New over-the-counter drug ingredients must undergo the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration New Drug Application process, just as prescription drugs do. - perfect answersTrue
Chp 13: The ailment that generates the greatest over-the-counter annual drug sales is: - perfect
answersCough and colds
Chp 13: Common over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen: - perfect
answersAre harmful if taken in higher than recommended amounts
Chp 13: When obtaining a drug history from Harold, he gives you a complete list of his prescription
medications. He denies taking any other drugs, but you find that he occasionally takes aspirin for his
arthritis flare ups. This is an example of: - perfect answersA common misconception that intermittently
taken over-the counter medications are not an important part of his drug history
,Chp 13: The Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, which is part of the 2006 U.S. Patriot Act: -
perfect answersRestricts the sales of drugs that contain methamphetamine precursors, including a daily
and 30-day limit on sales
Chp 13: When prescribing a tetracycline or quinolone antibiotic it is critical to instruct the patient: -
perfect answersNot to take antacids while on these medications, as the antacid decreases absorption
Chp 40: Because primary hypertension has no identifiable cause, treatment is based on interfering with
the physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics treat hypertension
because they: - perfect answersDeplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
Chp 40: Because of its action on various body systems, the patient taking a thiazide or loop diuretic may
also need to receive the following supplement: - perfect answersPotassium
Chp 40: All patients with hypertension benefit from diuretic therapy, but those who benefit the most
are: - perfect answersAfrican-Americans
Chp 40: Beta blockers treat hypertension because they: - perfect answersReduce peripheral resistance
Chp 40: Which of the following disease processes could be made worse by taking a nonselective beta
blocker? - perfect answers-Asthma
-Diabetes
Chp 40: Disease states in addition to hypertension in which beta blockade is a compelling indication for
the use of beta blockers include: - perfect answersMyocardial infarction
Chp 40: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors treat hypertension because they: - perfect
answers-Reduce sodium and water retention
-Decrease vasoconstriction
-Increase vasodilation
Chp 40: Compelling indications for an ACE inhibitor as treatment for hypertension based on clinical trials
includes: - perfect answersRenal parenchymal disease
,Chp 40: An ACE inhibitor and what other class of drug may reduce proteinuria in patients with diabetes
better than either drug alone? - perfect answersNondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
Chp 40: If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be added as a
second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents? - perfect answersDiuretics
Chp 40: Treatment costs are important for patients with hypertension. Which of the following
statements about cost is NOT true? - perfect answersFew antihypertensive drugs come in generic
formulations.
Chp 40: Caffeine, exercise, and smoking should be avoided for at least how many minutes before blood
pressure measurement? - perfect answers30 minutes
Chp 40: Blood pressure checks in children: - perfect answersShould be done during every health-care
visit after 3 years of age
Chp 40: Lack of adherence to blood pressure management is very common. Reasons for this lack of
adherence include: - perfect answers-Lifestyle changes are difficult to achieve and maintain.
-Adverse drug reactions are common and often fall into the categories more associated with
nonadherence.
-Costs of drugs and monitoring with laboratory tests can be expensive.
Chp 40: Lifestyle modifications for patients with prehypertension or hypertension include: - perfect
answersAdopt the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet.
Chp 40: Which diuretic agents typically do not need potassium supplementation? - perfect answersThe
aldosterone inhibitors
Chp 40: Aldactone family medications are frequently used when the hypertensive patient also has: -
perfect answersAdvancing liver dysfunction
, Chp 40: Hypertensive African Americans are typically listed as not being as responsive to which drug
groups? - perfect answersACE inhibitors
Chp 40: What educational points concerning fluid intake must be covered with diuretic prescriptions? -
perfect answersFluid intake should remain near normal for optimal performance.
Chp 40: What is a common side effect concern with hypertensive medications and all individuals, but
especially the elderly? - perfect answersRisk of falls
Chp 39: The overall goal of treating hyperlipidemia is: - perfect answersTo reduce atherogenesis
Chp 39: When considering which cholesterol-lowering drug to prescribe, which factor determines the
type and intensity of treatment? - perfect answersCoronary artery disease risk level
Chp 39: First-line therapy for hyperlipidemia is: - perfect answersLifestyle Changes
Chp 39: James is a 45-year-old patient with an LDL level of 120 and normal triglycerides. Appropriate
first-line therapy for James may include diet counseling, increased physical activity, and: - perfect
answersSterols
Chp 39: Joanne is a 60-year-old patient with an LDL of 132 and a family history of coronary artery
disease. She has already tried diet changes (increased fiber and plant sterols) to lower her LDL and after
6 months her LDL is slightly higher. The next step in her treatment would be: - perfect answersA statin
Chp 39: Sharlene is a 65-year-old patient who has been on a lipid-lowering diet and using plant sterol
margarine daily for the past 3 months. Her LDL is 135 mg/dL. An appropriate treatment for her would
be: - perfect answersDetermined by her risk factors
Chp 39: Phil is a 54-year-old male with multiple risk factors who has been on a high-dose statin for 3
months to treat his high LDL level. His LDL is 135 mg/dL and his triglycerides are elevated. A reasonable
change in therapy would be to: - perfect answersContinue the statin and add in ezetimibe.
