NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A |STUDY GUIDE| INSTANT DOWNLOAD
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Core Domains
*- Nursing Process and Critical Thinking*
*- Patient Safety and Infection Control*
Vital Signs and Health Assessment
*- Medication Administration and Pharmacology Basics*
*- Ethics, Legal Principles, and Professional Standards*
*- Communication and Therapeutic Relationships*
*- Patient Care Prioritization and Delegation*
*- Postpartum and Maternal-Newborn Care Fundamentals*
*- Wound Care and Skin Integrity*
*- Nutrition, Fluid Balance, and Elimination*
Introduction
This comprehensive final exam assesses foundational nursing knowledge essential for safe, effective patient
care across diverse clinical settings. The 100 multiple-choice and scenario-based questions evaluate critical
competencies including the nursing process, clinical decision-making, patient safety protocols, medication
administration, infection control, vital signs assessment, ethics and legal compliance, communication skills,
and care prioritization. Special emphasis is placed on real-world application where nurses must analyze
complex situations, prioritize interventions, and demonstrate professional judgment. This exam prepares
nursing students for licensure examinations and entry-level practice by testing both theoretical
understanding and practical application of fundamental nursing principles.
,Section One: Questions 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is assessing a postpartum patient 2 hours after delivery. The fundus is boggy and displaced to the
right. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Administer oxytocin as prescribed
B. Encourage the patient to void immediately
C. Perform gentle fundal massage
D. Document the findings and continue monitoring
🟢 Correct answer: C
🔴 RATIONALE: A boggy fundus indicates uterine atony, the primary cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Gentle
fundal massage is the immediate priority to stimulate uterine contraction. While voiding (B) may help if the
uterus is displaced due to bladder fullness, massage addresses the atony first. Oxytocin (A) is administered after
initial massage if the fundus remains boggy. Documentation alone (D) is inappropriate without intervention.
Question 2
Which action by the nurse demonstrates proper sterile technique during wound care?
,A. Touching the sterile field with gloved hands to check stability
B. Holding sterile objects below waist level for better visibility
C. Opening the first flap of a sterile package away from the body
D. Reusing sterile gauze that fell on the clean bedside table
🟢 Correct answer: C
🔴 RATIONALE: When opening sterile packages, the first flap should be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination from the nurse's clothing or breath. Touching the sterile field (A) contaminates it. Sterile objects
must be held above waist level (B), not below. Any sterile item that falls on a non-sterile surface (D) is
contaminated and cannot be reused.
Question 3
A patient with a hemoglobin of 9 g/dL and hematocrit of 32% after cesarean delivery asks about their lab
results. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "These values indicate severe anemia requiring immediate transfusion"
B. "These levels are slightly low but expected after childbirth"
C. "You will need to take iron supplements for the next year"
D. "These results mean you had excessive blood loss during surgery"
🟢 Correct answer: B
, 🔴 RATIONALE: Hemoglobin 9 g/dL and hematocrit 32% are mildly decreased but within the expected range
for postpartum patients due to normal blood loss during delivery. Severe anemia (A) typically presents with
hemoglobin <7 g/dL. Iron supplements (C) may be needed but not necessarily for a year. While blood loss
occurred (D), these values don't indicate excessive loss requiring intervention.
Question 4
The nurse is delegated to administer 40 mEq of oral potassium chloride. Which action is most appropriate?
A. Give the medication undiluted for faster absorption
B. Administer with a full glass of water after meals
C. Mix with 4 ounces of juice and give immediately
D. Crush the tablet and sprinkle on applesauce
🟢 Correct answer: B
🔴 RATIONALE: Oral potassium chloride should be administered with a full glass of water after meals to
minimize gastrointestinal irritation and improve absorption. Undiluted potassium (A) causes severe GI
irritation. While mixing with juice (C) is acceptable for some formulations, taking after meals with water is the
standard. Crushing extended-release tablets (D) is unsafe and alters medication release.
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A |STUDY GUIDE| INSTANT DOWNLOAD
Core Domains
*- Nursing Process and Critical Thinking*
*- Patient Safety and Infection Control*
Vital Signs and Health Assessment
*- Medication Administration and Pharmacology Basics*
*- Ethics, Legal Principles, and Professional Standards*
*- Communication and Therapeutic Relationships*
*- Patient Care Prioritization and Delegation*
*- Postpartum and Maternal-Newborn Care Fundamentals*
*- Wound Care and Skin Integrity*
*- Nutrition, Fluid Balance, and Elimination*
Introduction
This comprehensive final exam assesses foundational nursing knowledge essential for safe, effective patient
care across diverse clinical settings. The 100 multiple-choice and scenario-based questions evaluate critical
competencies including the nursing process, clinical decision-making, patient safety protocols, medication
administration, infection control, vital signs assessment, ethics and legal compliance, communication skills,
and care prioritization. Special emphasis is placed on real-world application where nurses must analyze
complex situations, prioritize interventions, and demonstrate professional judgment. This exam prepares
nursing students for licensure examinations and entry-level practice by testing both theoretical
understanding and practical application of fundamental nursing principles.
,Section One: Questions 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is assessing a postpartum patient 2 hours after delivery. The fundus is boggy and displaced to the
right. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Administer oxytocin as prescribed
B. Encourage the patient to void immediately
C. Perform gentle fundal massage
D. Document the findings and continue monitoring
🟢 Correct answer: C
🔴 RATIONALE: A boggy fundus indicates uterine atony, the primary cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Gentle
fundal massage is the immediate priority to stimulate uterine contraction. While voiding (B) may help if the
uterus is displaced due to bladder fullness, massage addresses the atony first. Oxytocin (A) is administered after
initial massage if the fundus remains boggy. Documentation alone (D) is inappropriate without intervention.
Question 2
Which action by the nurse demonstrates proper sterile technique during wound care?
,A. Touching the sterile field with gloved hands to check stability
B. Holding sterile objects below waist level for better visibility
C. Opening the first flap of a sterile package away from the body
D. Reusing sterile gauze that fell on the clean bedside table
🟢 Correct answer: C
🔴 RATIONALE: When opening sterile packages, the first flap should be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination from the nurse's clothing or breath. Touching the sterile field (A) contaminates it. Sterile objects
must be held above waist level (B), not below. Any sterile item that falls on a non-sterile surface (D) is
contaminated and cannot be reused.
Question 3
A patient with a hemoglobin of 9 g/dL and hematocrit of 32% after cesarean delivery asks about their lab
results. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "These values indicate severe anemia requiring immediate transfusion"
B. "These levels are slightly low but expected after childbirth"
C. "You will need to take iron supplements for the next year"
D. "These results mean you had excessive blood loss during surgery"
🟢 Correct answer: B
, 🔴 RATIONALE: Hemoglobin 9 g/dL and hematocrit 32% are mildly decreased but within the expected range
for postpartum patients due to normal blood loss during delivery. Severe anemia (A) typically presents with
hemoglobin <7 g/dL. Iron supplements (C) may be needed but not necessarily for a year. While blood loss
occurred (D), these values don't indicate excessive loss requiring intervention.
Question 4
The nurse is delegated to administer 40 mEq of oral potassium chloride. Which action is most appropriate?
A. Give the medication undiluted for faster absorption
B. Administer with a full glass of water after meals
C. Mix with 4 ounces of juice and give immediately
D. Crush the tablet and sprinkle on applesauce
🟢 Correct answer: B
🔴 RATIONALE: Oral potassium chloride should be administered with a full glass of water after meals to
minimize gastrointestinal irritation and improve absorption. Undiluted potassium (A) causes severe GI
irritation. While mixing with juice (C) is acceptable for some formulations, taking after meals with water is the
standard. Crushing extended-release tablets (D) is unsafe and alters medication release.
